环境规制与行业异质性对制造业企业技术创新的影响——基于我国沿海与内陆地区的比较
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摘要
基于行业异质性视角,将环境规制划分为正式型与非正式型两类;以2010—2015年我国省级制造业规模以上企业为样本,对比分析沿海与内陆地区的环境规制、行业异质性对企业技术创新影响的差异。研究发现:(1)从制造业全行业来看,正式环境规制对技术创新的影响作用在沿海与内陆地区均显著为正;非正式环境规制对技术创新的影响作用在沿海地区显著为正,在内陆地区作用不显著;环境规制强度对技术创新的影响作用在沿海地区显著为负,在内陆地区显著为正。(2)环境规制对高污染行业的技术创新作用在沿海地区显著为正,在内陆地区显著为负。(3)环境规制对高搬迁成本行业的技术创新作用在沿海地区显著为正,在内陆地区显著为负。
Based on the perspective of industry heterogeneity, this paper divides environmental regulation into formal and informal. Taking the enterprises above the provincial manufacturing scale in China from 2010 to 2015 as samples, the differences between the environmental regulation in coastal and inland areas, and the influence of industry heterogeneity on technological innovation of enterprises are analyzed. The results show that:(1) From the point of view of the whole manufacturing industry, the impact of formal environmental regulation on technological innovation is significantly positive in both coastal and inland areas; the effect of informal environmental regulation on technological innovation is significantly positive in coastal areas and not significant in inland areas, and the impact of environmental regulation intensity on technological innovation is significantly negative in coastal areas and significantly positive in inland areas.(2) The technological innovation effect of environmental regulation on high pollution industries is significantly positive in coastal areas and negative in inland areas.(3)The effect of environmental regulation on technology innovation in high relocation cost industries is significantly positive in coastal areas and negative in inland areas.
Based on the perspective of industry heterogeneity, this paper divides environmental regulation into formal and informal. Taking the enterprises above the provincial manufacturing scale in China from 2010 to 2015 as samples, the differences between the environmental regulation in coastal and inland areas, and the influence of industry heterogeneity on technological innovation of enterprises are analyzed. The results show that:(1) From the point of view of the whole manufacturing industry, the impact of formal environmental regulation on technological innovation is significantly positive in both coastal and inland areas; the effect of informal environmental regulation on technological innovation is significantly positive in coastal areas and not significant in inland areas, and the impact of environmental regulation intensity on technological innovation is significantly negative in coastal areas and significantly positive in inland areas.(2) The technological innovation effect of environmental regulation on high pollution industries is significantly positive in coastal areas and negative in inland areas.(3)The effect of environmental regulation on technology innovation in high relocation cost industries is significantly positive in coastal areas and negative in inland areas.
引文
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[19]谭娟,陈晓春.基于产业结构视角的政府环境规制对低碳经济影响分析[J].经济学家,2011(10):91-97.
[20]李平,慕绣如.波特假说的滞后性和最优环境规制强度分析:基于系统GMM及门槛效果的检验[J].产业经济研究,2013(4):21-29.
[21]原毅军,刘柳.环境规制与经济增长:基于经济型规制分类的研究[J].经济评论,2013(1):27-33.
[22]GREENSTORE M.The impacts of environmental regulations on industrial regulations on industrial activity:evidence from the 1970and 1977 clean air act amendments and the census of manufactures[J].Journal of Political Economy,2002,110(6):1175-1219.
[23]COLE M A,ELLIOTT R J R,SHIMAMOTO K.Industrial characteristics,environmental regulations and air pollution:an analysis of the UK manufacturing sector[J].Journal of Environmental Economics and Management,2005,50(1):121-143.
[24]LEVINSON A,TAYLOR M S.Unmasking the pollution haven effect[J].International Economic Review,2008,49(1):223-254.
[25]沈能.环境效率、行业异质性与最优规制强度:中国工业企业面板数据的非线性检验[J].中国工业经济,2012(3):56-58.
[26]原毅军,谢荣辉.环境规制的产业结构调整效应研究:基于中国省际面板数据的实证检验[J].中国工业经济,2014(8):57-69.
[27]白仲林,张晓峒.面板数据的计量经济分析[M].天津:南开大学出版社,2008.
1)限于篇幅,检验过程和检验结果未列出,如需要可联系作者索取。
[2]PORTER M.American’s green strategy[J].Scientific American,1991,264(4):168-246.
[3]BRUNNERMEIER S B,COHEN M A.Determinants of environmental innovation in U.S.manufacturing industries[J].Journal of Environmental Economics and Management,2003,45(2):278-293.
[4]张旭,王宇.环境规制与研发投入对绿色技术创新的影响效应[J].科技进步与对策,2017,34(17):111-119.
[5]DARNALL N,HENRIQUES I,SADORSKY P.Do environmental management systems improve business performance in an international setting?[J].Journal of International Management,2008,14(4):364-376.
[6]ALPAY E S,KERKVLIET J.Productivity growth and environmental regulation in Mexican and U.S food manufacturing[J].American Journal of Agricultural Economics,2002,84(4):887-901.
[7]RUBASHKINA Y,GALEOTTI M,VERDOLINI E.Environmental regulation and competitiveness:empirical evidence on the Porter Hypothesis from European manufacturing sectors[J].Energy Policy,2015,83:288-300.
[8]叶琴,曾刚,戴劭勍,等.不同环境规制工具对中国节能减排技术创新的影响:基于285个地级市面板数据[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2018,28(2):115-121.
[9]臧传琴,张菡.环境规制技术创新效应的空间差异:基于2000-2013年中国面板数据的实证分析[J].宏观经济研究,2015(11):72-83,141.
[10]CONRAD K,WASTL D.The impact of environmental regulation on productivity in German industries[J].Empirical Economics,1995,20(4):615-633.
[11]任胜钢,胡兴,袁宝龙.中国制造业环境规制对技术创新影响的阶段性差异与行业异质性研究[J].科技进步与对策,2016,33(12):59-66.
[12]王锋正,郭晓川.环境规制强度、行业异质性与R&D效率:源自中国污染密集型与清洁生产型行业的实证比较[J].研究与发展管理,2016,28(1):103-111.
[13]PARGALAND S,WHEELER D.Informal regulation of industrial pollution in developing countries:evidence from Indonesia[J].Journal of Political Economy,1996,12(6):403-417.
[14]张弛,任剑婷.基于环境规制的我国对外贸易发展策略选择[J].生态经济,2005(10):169-171.
[15]赵玉民,朱方明,贺立龙.环境规制的界定、分类与演进研究[J].中国人口.资源与环境,2009,19(6):85-90.
[16]AIKEN D V,Jr PASURKA C A.Adjusting the measurement of USmanufacturing productivity for air pollution emissions control[J].Resource and Energy Economics,2003,25:329-351.
[17]彭峰,李本东.环境保护投资概念辨析[J].环境科学与技术,2005,28(3):72-74,119.
[18]张平,张鹏鹏,蔡国庆.不同类型环境规制对企业技术创新影响比较研究[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2016,26(4):8-13.
[19]谭娟,陈晓春.基于产业结构视角的政府环境规制对低碳经济影响分析[J].经济学家,2011(10):91-97.
[20]李平,慕绣如.波特假说的滞后性和最优环境规制强度分析:基于系统GMM及门槛效果的检验[J].产业经济研究,2013(4):21-29.
[21]原毅军,刘柳.环境规制与经济增长:基于经济型规制分类的研究[J].经济评论,2013(1):27-33.
[22]GREENSTORE M.The impacts of environmental regulations on industrial regulations on industrial activity:evidence from the 1970and 1977 clean air act amendments and the census of manufactures[J].Journal of Political Economy,2002,110(6):1175-1219.
[23]COLE M A,ELLIOTT R J R,SHIMAMOTO K.Industrial characteristics,environmental regulations and air pollution:an analysis of the UK manufacturing sector[J].Journal of Environmental Economics and Management,2005,50(1):121-143.
[24]LEVINSON A,TAYLOR M S.Unmasking the pollution haven effect[J].International Economic Review,2008,49(1):223-254.
[25]沈能.环境效率、行业异质性与最优规制强度:中国工业企业面板数据的非线性检验[J].中国工业经济,2012(3):56-58.
[26]原毅军,谢荣辉.环境规制的产业结构调整效应研究:基于中国省际面板数据的实证检验[J].中国工业经济,2014(8):57-69.
[27]白仲林,张晓峒.面板数据的计量经济分析[M].天津:南开大学出版社,2008.
1)限于篇幅,检验过程和检验结果未列出,如需要可联系作者索取。