以维持重要负荷供电为目标的交直流系统自适应解列方法研究
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摘要
解列控制作为电力系统三道防线中的最后一道,是在系统遭受严重故障后的一种紧急控制方法。传统的失步解列控制难以应对系统运行方式或失稳模式的改变;基于慢同调和振荡中心定位的自适应解列控制仅在同调分群明显或振荡中心相对固定的系统中取得了较好的效果。该文首先以同调分群不明显的广东电网为例,讨论常规的自适应解列控制方法在此类电网中搜索可行解列断面时面临的困难;然后,对解列控制的目标进行反思和讨论,提出在面对同调分群不明显的系统时,可以将维持重要负荷供电作为控制目标进行自适应解列。接着,基于该目标提出"解列断面预筛选-重点区域种子节点选取-节点扩充-解列断面校验"的四阶段自适应解列框架。最后,以广东电网为算例,验证以维持重要负荷供电为目标的自适应解列控制方法的可行性及有效性。
Islanding control, as the last one of the three defense lines for power system security, is an emergency control method when the system is subject to severe faults.Traditional islanding control fails to deal with the change of faults or operation modes of the system; adaptive islanding control methods, based on either slow coherence theory or location of oscillation center, only show effectiveness when handling systems with distinct coherence modes. This article first discussed difficulties of searching feasible cut-sets when applying conventional adaptive islanding control to a system without distinct coherence modes, such as Guangdong power grid. After that, maintaining power supply of crucial loads was selected as the target of islanding control when no distinct coherence modes exist. Then a 4-stage adaptive islanding control method including the ‘pre-screening of cut-sets,selection of initial nodes among crucial regions, expansion of nodes, examination of cut-sets' was presented. Finally, the effectiveness of this method was demonstrated by the simulation results on Guangdong power grid.
Islanding control, as the last one of the three defense lines for power system security, is an emergency control method when the system is subject to severe faults.Traditional islanding control fails to deal with the change of faults or operation modes of the system; adaptive islanding control methods, based on either slow coherence theory or location of oscillation center, only show effectiveness when handling systems with distinct coherence modes. This article first discussed difficulties of searching feasible cut-sets when applying conventional adaptive islanding control to a system without distinct coherence modes, such as Guangdong power grid. After that, maintaining power supply of crucial loads was selected as the target of islanding control when no distinct coherence modes exist. Then a 4-stage adaptive islanding control method including the ‘pre-screening of cut-sets,selection of initial nodes among crucial regions, expansion of nodes, examination of cut-sets' was presented. Finally, the effectiveness of this method was demonstrated by the simulation results on Guangdong power grid.
引文
[1]薛禹胜,肖世杰.综合防御高风险的小概率事件:对日本相继天灾引发大停电及核泄漏事件的思考[J].电力系统自动化,2011,35(8):1-11.Xue Yusheng,Xiao Shijie.Comprehensively defending high risk events with low probability[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2011,35(8):1-11(in Chinese).
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[11]Xu Guangyue,Vittal V,Meklin A,et al.Controlled Islanding Demonstrations on the WECC System[J].IEEETransactions on Power Systems,2011,26(1):334-343.
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[13]方勇杰,刘福锁,李碧君.关于大电网失步解列控制研究的综述[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(18):5256-5265.Fang Yongjie,Liu Fusuo,Li Bijun.A review of out-of-step oscillation islanding control of large scale power systems[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(18):5256-5265(in Chinese).
[14]乔颖.大规模电网主动解列防御体系研究[D].北京:清华大学,2008.
[15]李新年,李涛,王晶芳,等.云广±800k V特高压直流对南方电网稳定性的影响[J].电网技术,2009,33(20):21-26.Li Xinnian,Li Tao,Wang Jingfang,et al.Impacts of±800kV DC power transmission from Yunnan to Guangdong on stability of China southern power grid[J].Power System Technology,2009,33(20):21-26(in Chinese).
[16]朱韬析,宁武军,欧开健.直流输电系统换相失败探讨[J].电力系统保护与控制,2008,36(23):116-120.Zhu Taoxi,Ning Wujun,Ou Kaijian.Discussion on commutation failure in HVDC transmission system[J].Power System Protection and Control,2008,36(23):116-120(in Chinese).
[17]Luo Gang,Qian Feng,Tan Wei,et al.Cut-sets pre-screening for adaptive splitting control of AC/DCpower systems[C]//Proceedings of the 2017 IEEE PESAsia-Pacific Power and Energy Engineering Conference(APPEEC).Bangalore,India:IEEE,2017:1-5.
[18]谭玉东,李欣然,蔡晔,等.基于电气距离的复杂电网关键节点识别[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(1):146-152.Tan Yudong,Li Xinran,Cai Ye,et al.Critical node identification for complex power grid based on electrical distance[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(1):146-152(in Chinese).
[19]林伟芳,汤涌,卜广全.多馈入交直流系统短路比的定义和应用[J].中国电机工程学报,2008,28(31):1-8.Lin Weifang,Tang Yong,Bu Guangquan.Definition and application of short circuit ratio for multi-infeed AC/DCpower systems[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2008,28(31):1-8(in Chinese).
[20]严正,范翔,赵文恺,等.自适应Levenberg-Marquardt方法提高潮流计算收敛性[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(8):1909-1918.Yan Zheng,Fan Xiang,Zhao Wenkai,et al.Improving the convergence of power flow calculation by a selfadaptive Levenberg-marquardt method[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(8):1909-1918(in Chinese).
[2]Senroy N,Heydt G T.A conceptual framework for the controlled islanding of interconnected power systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2006,21(2):1005-1006.
[3]方勇杰.电力系统的自适应解列控制[J].电力系统自动化,2007,31(20):41-44,48.Fang Yongjie.Adaptive islanding control of power systems[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2007,31(20):41-44,48(in Chinese).
[4]吴学娟,沈沉,向学军,等.主动解列策略求解过程中的网络化简[J].中国电机工程学报,2008,28(7):7-12.Wu Xuejuan,Shen Chen,Xiang Xuejun,et al.Network simplification for active splitting strategy searching[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2008,28(7):7-12(in Chinese).
[5]Sun Kai,Zheng Dazhong,Lu Qiang.A simulation study of OBDD-based proper splitting strategies for power systems under consideration of transient stability[J].IEEETransactions on Power Systems,2005,20(1):389-399.
[6]孙凯.大型电网灾变下基于OBDD的搜索解列策略的三阶段方法[D].北京:清华大学,2004.
[7]You H,Vittal V,Wang Xiaoming.Slow coherency-based islanding[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2004,19(1):483-491.
[8]乔颖,沈沉,卢强.大电网解列决策空间筛选及快速搜索方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2008,28(22):23-28.Qiao Ying,Shen Chen,Lu Qiang.Islanding decision space minimization and quick search in case of large-scale grids[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2008,28(22):23-28(in Chinese).
[9]倪敬敏,沈沉,陈乾.基于慢同调的自适应主动解列控制(一):理论基础探究[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(25):4374-4384.Ni Jingmin,Shen Chen,Chen Qian.Adaptive controlled islanding based on slow coherency-part I:research on the theoretical basis[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(25):4374-4384(in Chinese).
[10]Yang Bo,Vittal V,Heydt G T.Slow-coherency-based controlled islanding-A demonstration of the approach on the August 14,2003 blackout scenario[J].IEEETransactions on Power Systems,2006,21(4):1840-1847.
[11]Xu Guangyue,Vittal V,Meklin A,et al.Controlled Islanding Demonstrations on the WECC System[J].IEEETransactions on Power Systems,2011,26(1):334-343.
[12]刘福锁,方勇杰,李威,等.多频振荡下的失步振荡中心变化规律及其定位[J].电力系统自动化,2014,38(20):68-73.Liu Fusuo,Fang Yongjie,Li Wei,et al.Out-of-step oscillation center change rules and its location under multi-frequency oscillation[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2014,38(20):68-73(in Chinese).
[13]方勇杰,刘福锁,李碧君.关于大电网失步解列控制研究的综述[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(18):5256-5265.Fang Yongjie,Liu Fusuo,Li Bijun.A review of out-of-step oscillation islanding control of large scale power systems[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(18):5256-5265(in Chinese).
[14]乔颖.大规模电网主动解列防御体系研究[D].北京:清华大学,2008.
[15]李新年,李涛,王晶芳,等.云广±800k V特高压直流对南方电网稳定性的影响[J].电网技术,2009,33(20):21-26.Li Xinnian,Li Tao,Wang Jingfang,et al.Impacts of±800kV DC power transmission from Yunnan to Guangdong on stability of China southern power grid[J].Power System Technology,2009,33(20):21-26(in Chinese).
[16]朱韬析,宁武军,欧开健.直流输电系统换相失败探讨[J].电力系统保护与控制,2008,36(23):116-120.Zhu Taoxi,Ning Wujun,Ou Kaijian.Discussion on commutation failure in HVDC transmission system[J].Power System Protection and Control,2008,36(23):116-120(in Chinese).
[17]Luo Gang,Qian Feng,Tan Wei,et al.Cut-sets pre-screening for adaptive splitting control of AC/DCpower systems[C]//Proceedings of the 2017 IEEE PESAsia-Pacific Power and Energy Engineering Conference(APPEEC).Bangalore,India:IEEE,2017:1-5.
[18]谭玉东,李欣然,蔡晔,等.基于电气距离的复杂电网关键节点识别[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(1):146-152.Tan Yudong,Li Xinran,Cai Ye,et al.Critical node identification for complex power grid based on electrical distance[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(1):146-152(in Chinese).
[19]林伟芳,汤涌,卜广全.多馈入交直流系统短路比的定义和应用[J].中国电机工程学报,2008,28(31):1-8.Lin Weifang,Tang Yong,Bu Guangquan.Definition and application of short circuit ratio for multi-infeed AC/DCpower systems[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2008,28(31):1-8(in Chinese).
[20]严正,范翔,赵文恺,等.自适应Levenberg-Marquardt方法提高潮流计算收敛性[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(8):1909-1918.Yan Zheng,Fan Xiang,Zhao Wenkai,et al.Improving the convergence of power flow calculation by a selfadaptive Levenberg-marquardt method[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(8):1909-1918(in Chinese).