无机质增强木材研究进展与发展趋势
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摘要
将人工林木材进行增强改性是改良木材材性和缓解木材供需矛盾的重要方法。由于常用有机物质增强木材存在环境污染和性能缺陷等问题,而无机质改性木材具有良好的力学性能、阻燃性能和耐腐性能,能最大限度地保留木材的视觉环境学特性,且其具有价格低廉、天然无毒等优良特性,逐渐成为研究者们的关注重点。本文介绍了无机质增强木材机理及特性,阐述了无机质增强木材的五种方法:直接浸注法、双剂扩散法、溶胶-凝胶法、插层复合法和其他方法,并分析了五种方法对改性木材性能的影响。提出了超声波辅助与无机质结合增强木材、无机-有机杂化和原位浸渍法增强木材的发展趋势,并指出了无机质增强木材研究仍需解决的问题。
Reinforced modification of plantation timber is an important method to improve timber properties and alleviate the contradiction between supplyand demand of timber. Because of the environmental pollution and performance defects of commonly used organic materials to enhance wood,the inorganic modified wood has good mechanical,flame retardant and corrosion resistance,can retain the visual environmental characteristics of wood to the maximum extent,and its low price,natural non-toxic and other excellent characteristics,has gradually become the focus of researchers. This paper introduces the mechanism and characteristics of inorganic enhanced wood,and describes five methods of inorganic substance reinforced wood direct soaking,double dispersing,sol-gel,intercalation and other methods,and the effects of five methods on the properties of modified wood were analyzed. The development trend of wood reinforced by ultrasound-assisted and inorganic materials,inorganic-organic hybridization and in-situ impregnation was put forward,and the problems still needed to be solved in the research of inorganic materials reinforced wood were pointed out.
Reinforced modification of plantation timber is an important method to improve timber properties and alleviate the contradiction between supplyand demand of timber. Because of the environmental pollution and performance defects of commonly used organic materials to enhance wood,the inorganic modified wood has good mechanical,flame retardant and corrosion resistance,can retain the visual environmental characteristics of wood to the maximum extent,and its low price,natural non-toxic and other excellent characteristics,has gradually become the focus of researchers. This paper introduces the mechanism and characteristics of inorganic enhanced wood,and describes five methods of inorganic substance reinforced wood direct soaking,double dispersing,sol-gel,intercalation and other methods,and the effects of five methods on the properties of modified wood were analyzed. The development trend of wood reinforced by ultrasound-assisted and inorganic materials,inorganic-organic hybridization and in-situ impregnation was put forward,and the problems still needed to be solved in the research of inorganic materials reinforced wood were pointed out.
引文
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