等离子喷涂Cu-Al_2O_3复合涂层制备及摩擦学性能研究
|
摘要
目的研究铜的添加对Al_2O_3涂层摩擦磨损性能的影响。方法采用等离子喷涂技术在20钢表面分别制备Al_2O_3和Cu-Al_2O_3涂层。对两种涂层显微硬度、结合强度、摩擦磨损性能进行对比研究,并分析涂层的相组成、组织结构、磨损形貌。结果 Al_2O_3原始粉末含有α-Al_2O_3相,制成涂层后有γ-Al_2O_3新相生成。Cu-Al_2O_3原始粉末主要由Cu、α-Al_2O_3相组成,所制备Cu-Al_2O_3涂层有γ-Al_2O_3和Cu_2O新相生成。两种涂层均由基体、粘结层、涂层组成,各层之间有明显的界面,层与层之间结合良好。Cu-Al_2O_3涂层较Al_2O_3涂层孔隙、微裂纹减少。添加铜后,结合强度明显提高,Al_2O_3涂层的结合强度为7.56 MPa,Cu-Al_2O_3涂层的结合强度为15.96 MPa,而显微硬度变化不大。Cu-Al_2O_3涂层的摩擦系数明显降低,且波动幅度较小;磨损率为5.93×10~(-4)mm~3/m,比Al_2O_3涂层降低了14.68%。与Al_2O_3涂层相比,Cu-Al_2O_3涂层磨痕处剥落坑面积减小,磨损表面比较平整,剥落现象减轻,主要磨损机制为剥落。结论铜的添加改善了Al_2O_3涂层的摩擦磨损性能。
The work aims to study the effect of copper on the friction and wear properties of Al_2O_3 coatings. Al_2O_3 and Cu-Al_2O_3 coatings were prepared on the surface of 20 steel by plasma spraying. The microhardness, bond strength and friction and wear properties of the two coatings were compared and the phase composition, microstructure and wear morphology of the coatings were analyzed. The Al_2O_3 raw powder contained α-Al_2O_3 phase, and a new phase of γ-Al_2O_3 was formed after coating was prepared. The Cu-Al_2O_3 raw powder was mainly composed of Cu and α-Al_2O_3 phases. The Cu-Al_2O_3 coating had a new phase of γ-Al_2O_3 and Cu_2O. Both coatings consisted of a matrix, a tie layer, and a coating. There was a distinct interface between the layers, and the bond between the layers was good. The Cu-Al_2O_3 coating had fewer porosity and microcracks than the Al_2O_3 coating. After copper was added, the bonding strength was obviously improved. The bonding strength of Al_2O_3 coating was 7.56 MPa. The bonding strength of Cu-Al_2O_3 coating was 15.96 MPa. The microhardness did not change much. The friction coefficient of Cu-Al_2O_3 coating was significantly reduced and the fluctuation range was small. The wear rate was reduced, and the wear rate of Cu-Al_2O_3 coating was 5.93×10~(-4)mm~3/m, which was 14.68% lower than that of Al_2O_3 coating. Compared with the Al_2O_3 coating, the Cu-Al_2O_3 coating had smaller peeling pit, the wear surface was relatively flat, the peeling phenomenon was reduced, and the main wear mechanism was spalling. The addition of copper improves the friction and wear properties of the Al_2O_3 coating.
The work aims to study the effect of copper on the friction and wear properties of Al_2O_3 coatings. Al_2O_3 and Cu-Al_2O_3 coatings were prepared on the surface of 20 steel by plasma spraying. The microhardness, bond strength and friction and wear properties of the two coatings were compared and the phase composition, microstructure and wear morphology of the coatings were analyzed. The Al_2O_3 raw powder contained α-Al_2O_3 phase, and a new phase of γ-Al_2O_3 was formed after coating was prepared. The Cu-Al_2O_3 raw powder was mainly composed of Cu and α-Al_2O_3 phases. The Cu-Al_2O_3 coating had a new phase of γ-Al_2O_3 and Cu_2O. Both coatings consisted of a matrix, a tie layer, and a coating. There was a distinct interface between the layers, and the bond between the layers was good. The Cu-Al_2O_3 coating had fewer porosity and microcracks than the Al_2O_3 coating. After copper was added, the bonding strength was obviously improved. The bonding strength of Al_2O_3 coating was 7.56 MPa. The bonding strength of Cu-Al_2O_3 coating was 15.96 MPa. The microhardness did not change much. The friction coefficient of Cu-Al_2O_3 coating was significantly reduced and the fluctuation range was small. The wear rate was reduced, and the wear rate of Cu-Al_2O_3 coating was 5.93×10~(-4)mm~3/m, which was 14.68% lower than that of Al_2O_3 coating. Compared with the Al_2O_3 coating, the Cu-Al_2O_3 coating had smaller peeling pit, the wear surface was relatively flat, the peeling phenomenon was reduced, and the main wear mechanism was spalling. The addition of copper improves the friction and wear properties of the Al_2O_3 coating.
引文
[1]税国红,杨屹,吴明霞,等.铁基金属摩擦副表面自修复层分析[J].表面技术,2018,47(8):139-146.SHUI Guo-hong,YANG Yi,WU Ming-xia,et al.Selfreparing layers analysis on the surface of iron-based metal friction pairs[J].Surface technology,2018,47(8):139-146.
[2]刘新田.表面工程[M].开封:河南大学出版社,2000.LIU Xin-tian.Surface engineering[M].Kaifeng:Henan University Press,2000.
[3]曹玉霞,杜令忠,张伟刚,等.等离子喷涂Ni Co Cr Al Y/Al2O3涂层的制备及摩擦性能研究[J].表面技术,2015,44(5):62-66.CAO Yu-xia,DU Ling-zhong,ZHANG Wei-gang,et al.Study on preparation and tribological properties of atmospheric plasma-sprayed NiCoCrAlY/Al2O3 wear-resistant coatings[J].Surface technology,2015,44(5):62-66.
[4]AN Yu-long,LI Shuang-jian,HOU Guo-liang,et al.Mechanical and tribological properties of nano/micro composite alumina coatings fabricated by atmospheric plasma spraying[J].Ceramics international,2017,43(6):5319-5328.
[5]杜三明,靳俊杰,肖宏滨,等.纳米Al2O3等离子喷涂涂层的制备及性能分析[J].表面技术,2015,44(6):1-6.DU San-ming,JIN Jun-jie,XIAO Hong-bin et al.Preparation and properties analysis of plasma sprayed nano alumina coatings[J].Surface technology,2015,44(6):1-6.
[6]FERVEL V,NORMAND B,LIAO H,et al.Friction and wear mechanisms of thermally sprayed ceramic and cermet coatings[J].Surface&coatings technology,1999,111(2-3):255-262.
[7]YIN Z,TAO S,ZHOU X,et al.Tribological properties of plasma sprayed Al/Al2O3,composite coatings[J].Wear,2007,263(7):1430-1437.
[8]MATTHEWS S,TALIANA F,JAMES B.Heat treatment of plasma-sprayed Al2O3 and Al2O3-WO3 coatings between 500 and 1000℃[J].Surface&coatings technology,2012,212:109-118.
[9]DHAKAR B,NAMDEO A,CHATTERJEE S,et al.Heat treatment of plasma sprayed alumina-chromia composite coatings[J].Surface engineering,2018,34(10):737-746.
[10]KLYATSKINA E,RAYóN E,DARUT G,et al.A study of the influence of TiO2 addition in Al2O3 coatings sprayed by suspension plasma spray[J].Surface&coatings technology,2015,278(s1-2):25-29.
[11]姜帆,宫文彪,孙枫乔.等离子喷涂Ni5Al-Al2O3复合涂层的组织结构与性能[J].长春工业大学学报:自然科学版,2015,36(6):613-616.JIANG Fan,GONG Wen-biao,SUN Feng-qiao.Study on microstructure and properties of Ni5Al-Al2O3 coating by plasma spraying[J].Journal of Changchun University of Technology:natural science edition,2015,36(6):613-616.
[12]SONG B,DONG S,LIAO H,et al.Microstructure and wear resistance of FeAl/Al2O3,intermetallic composite coating prepared by atmospheric plasma spraying[J].Surface&coatings technology,2015,268:24-29.
[13]云海涛,梁波,季珩,等.等离子喷涂铜-石墨复合涂层结构与干摩擦磨损性能研究[J].航空材料学报,2012,32(5):60-65.YUN Hai-tao,LIANG Bo,JI Heng,et al.Structure and dry tribology performance of plasma sprayed coppergraphite composite coating[J].Journal of aeronautical materials,,2012,32(5):60-65.
[14]杜平,张伟,刘志兰,等.铜基自润滑材料及其摩擦学性能研究[J].表面技术,2018(6).DU Ping,ZHANG Wei,LIU Zhi-lan,et al.Copper-based self-lubricating materials and relevant tribological properties[J].Surface technology,2018(6).
[15]MCPHERSON R.The relationship between the mechanism of formation,microstructure and properties of plasma-sprayed coatings[J].Thin solid films,1981,83(3):297-310.
[16]LEI A-li,DONG Nan,FENG La-jun.Preparation and properties of plasma spraying Cu-Al2O3 gradient coatings[J].Journal of materials science&technology,2007,23(3):383-386.
[17]甄文柱,梁波.等离子喷涂MoS2/Cu基复合涂层真空摩擦磨损性能[J].材料工程,2013(8):16-22.ZHEN Wen-zhu,LIANG Bo.Tribological behavior of plasma sprayed Mo S2/Cu composite coating under vacuum atmosphere[J].Journal of materials engineering,2013(8):16-22.
[18]YIN Zhi-jian,TAO Shun-yan,ZHOU Xia-ming,et al.Preparation and characterization of plasma-sprayed Al/Al2O3,composite coating[J].Materials science&engineering A,2008,480(1-2):580-584.
[19]钟国明,曾鹏,李东强,等.热处理对Cu-10Al-X热喷涂涂层组织与性能的影响[J].电镀与涂饰,2016(14):759-764.ZHONG Guo-ming,ZENG Peng,LI Dong-qiang,et al.Effect of heat treatment on microstructure and properties of thermally sprayed Cu-10Al-X coating[J].Electroplating&finishing,2016(14):759-764.
[20]赵岩,吴志生,李华.等离子喷涂氧化铝-碳纤维复合涂层的结构及耐磨性能[J].中国表面工程,2013,26(2):29-34.ZHAO Yan,WU Zhi-sheng,LI Hua.Microstructure and anti-wear properties plasma sprayed alumina-carbon fiber coatings[J].China surface engineering,2013,26(2):29-34.
[2]刘新田.表面工程[M].开封:河南大学出版社,2000.LIU Xin-tian.Surface engineering[M].Kaifeng:Henan University Press,2000.
[3]曹玉霞,杜令忠,张伟刚,等.等离子喷涂Ni Co Cr Al Y/Al2O3涂层的制备及摩擦性能研究[J].表面技术,2015,44(5):62-66.CAO Yu-xia,DU Ling-zhong,ZHANG Wei-gang,et al.Study on preparation and tribological properties of atmospheric plasma-sprayed NiCoCrAlY/Al2O3 wear-resistant coatings[J].Surface technology,2015,44(5):62-66.
[4]AN Yu-long,LI Shuang-jian,HOU Guo-liang,et al.Mechanical and tribological properties of nano/micro composite alumina coatings fabricated by atmospheric plasma spraying[J].Ceramics international,2017,43(6):5319-5328.
[5]杜三明,靳俊杰,肖宏滨,等.纳米Al2O3等离子喷涂涂层的制备及性能分析[J].表面技术,2015,44(6):1-6.DU San-ming,JIN Jun-jie,XIAO Hong-bin et al.Preparation and properties analysis of plasma sprayed nano alumina coatings[J].Surface technology,2015,44(6):1-6.
[6]FERVEL V,NORMAND B,LIAO H,et al.Friction and wear mechanisms of thermally sprayed ceramic and cermet coatings[J].Surface&coatings technology,1999,111(2-3):255-262.
[7]YIN Z,TAO S,ZHOU X,et al.Tribological properties of plasma sprayed Al/Al2O3,composite coatings[J].Wear,2007,263(7):1430-1437.
[8]MATTHEWS S,TALIANA F,JAMES B.Heat treatment of plasma-sprayed Al2O3 and Al2O3-WO3 coatings between 500 and 1000℃[J].Surface&coatings technology,2012,212:109-118.
[9]DHAKAR B,NAMDEO A,CHATTERJEE S,et al.Heat treatment of plasma sprayed alumina-chromia composite coatings[J].Surface engineering,2018,34(10):737-746.
[10]KLYATSKINA E,RAYóN E,DARUT G,et al.A study of the influence of TiO2 addition in Al2O3 coatings sprayed by suspension plasma spray[J].Surface&coatings technology,2015,278(s1-2):25-29.
[11]姜帆,宫文彪,孙枫乔.等离子喷涂Ni5Al-Al2O3复合涂层的组织结构与性能[J].长春工业大学学报:自然科学版,2015,36(6):613-616.JIANG Fan,GONG Wen-biao,SUN Feng-qiao.Study on microstructure and properties of Ni5Al-Al2O3 coating by plasma spraying[J].Journal of Changchun University of Technology:natural science edition,2015,36(6):613-616.
[12]SONG B,DONG S,LIAO H,et al.Microstructure and wear resistance of FeAl/Al2O3,intermetallic composite coating prepared by atmospheric plasma spraying[J].Surface&coatings technology,2015,268:24-29.
[13]云海涛,梁波,季珩,等.等离子喷涂铜-石墨复合涂层结构与干摩擦磨损性能研究[J].航空材料学报,2012,32(5):60-65.YUN Hai-tao,LIANG Bo,JI Heng,et al.Structure and dry tribology performance of plasma sprayed coppergraphite composite coating[J].Journal of aeronautical materials,,2012,32(5):60-65.
[14]杜平,张伟,刘志兰,等.铜基自润滑材料及其摩擦学性能研究[J].表面技术,2018(6).DU Ping,ZHANG Wei,LIU Zhi-lan,et al.Copper-based self-lubricating materials and relevant tribological properties[J].Surface technology,2018(6).
[15]MCPHERSON R.The relationship between the mechanism of formation,microstructure and properties of plasma-sprayed coatings[J].Thin solid films,1981,83(3):297-310.
[16]LEI A-li,DONG Nan,FENG La-jun.Preparation and properties of plasma spraying Cu-Al2O3 gradient coatings[J].Journal of materials science&technology,2007,23(3):383-386.
[17]甄文柱,梁波.等离子喷涂MoS2/Cu基复合涂层真空摩擦磨损性能[J].材料工程,2013(8):16-22.ZHEN Wen-zhu,LIANG Bo.Tribological behavior of plasma sprayed Mo S2/Cu composite coating under vacuum atmosphere[J].Journal of materials engineering,2013(8):16-22.
[18]YIN Zhi-jian,TAO Shun-yan,ZHOU Xia-ming,et al.Preparation and characterization of plasma-sprayed Al/Al2O3,composite coating[J].Materials science&engineering A,2008,480(1-2):580-584.
[19]钟国明,曾鹏,李东强,等.热处理对Cu-10Al-X热喷涂涂层组织与性能的影响[J].电镀与涂饰,2016(14):759-764.ZHONG Guo-ming,ZENG Peng,LI Dong-qiang,et al.Effect of heat treatment on microstructure and properties of thermally sprayed Cu-10Al-X coating[J].Electroplating&finishing,2016(14):759-764.
[20]赵岩,吴志生,李华.等离子喷涂氧化铝-碳纤维复合涂层的结构及耐磨性能[J].中国表面工程,2013,26(2):29-34.ZHAO Yan,WU Zhi-sheng,LI Hua.Microstructure and anti-wear properties plasma sprayed alumina-carbon fiber coatings[J].China surface engineering,2013,26(2):29-34.