镀锌钢板废料中锌的碱浸过程影响因素分析
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摘要
以强碱(NaOH)溶液为浸取剂,采用碱浸法回收镀锌钢板废料中的锌,考察了不同因素(反应温度、反应时间、碱浓度、添加剂)对锌浸出效果的影响,并对添加剂的作用机理进行了分析。实验结果表明:在NaOH质量浓度为250 g/L、反应温度为90℃、反应时间为300 min的最佳工艺条件下,锌的浸出率高达97.89%;添加NaNO_3可提高锌在碱液中的腐蚀电位和腐蚀电流,从而加快镀锌钢板废料中锌的溶解,缩短反应时间;添加KMnO_4对反应速率基本无影响。
Zinc was recovered from galvanized steel scrap by alkaline leaching process using alkali(NaOH)solution as leaching agent. The factors affecting zinc leaching were investigated,such as reaction temperature,reaction time,alkali concentration and additive agents. And the mechanism of the additive agents were analyzed. The experimental results showed that:Under the optimum process conditions of NaOH mass concentration 250 g/L,reaction temperature 90 ℃ and reaction time 300 min,the zinc leaching rate reached 97.89%;With the addition of NaNO_3,the corrosion current and corrosion potential of zinc in the alkali solution could be promoted,which could accelerate the dissolution of zinc in galvanized steel scrap and shorten the reaction time;however,adding KMnO_4 had no effect on the reaction rate.
Zinc was recovered from galvanized steel scrap by alkaline leaching process using alkali(NaOH)solution as leaching agent. The factors affecting zinc leaching were investigated,such as reaction temperature,reaction time,alkali concentration and additive agents. And the mechanism of the additive agents were analyzed. The experimental results showed that:Under the optimum process conditions of NaOH mass concentration 250 g/L,reaction temperature 90 ℃ and reaction time 300 min,the zinc leaching rate reached 97.89%;With the addition of NaNO_3,the corrosion current and corrosion potential of zinc in the alkali solution could be promoted,which could accelerate the dissolution of zinc in galvanized steel scrap and shorten the reaction time;however,adding KMnO_4 had no effect on the reaction rate.
引文
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[24]刘清,赵由才,招国栋,等.EDTA络合滴定与酸碱滴定联合测定含锌碱性溶液中游离碱、锌和碳酸钠[J].冶金分析,2006,26(6):10V13.
[25]田源.电镀工业含锡泥渣碱浸-锌粉置换回收锡的研究[D].徐州:中国矿业大学,2017.
[26]MACKINNON D J,BRANNEN J M,LAKSHMAN-AN V I.Zinc deposit structures obtained from synthetic zinc chloride electrolyte[J].J Appl Electrochem,1979,9(5):603-613.
[2]章小鸽.锌的腐蚀与电化学[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2008:6-9.
[3]GELDERMANN J,SPENGLER T,RENTZ O.Fuzzy outranking for environmental assessment.Case study:iron and steel making industry[J].Fuzzy Set Syst,2000,115(1):45-65.
[4]邹丽珍.机械法去除废次镀锌板锌层新技术研究[D].绵阳:西南科技大学,2013.
[5]高鸿不锈钢(浙江)有限公司.一种不锈钢镜面板研磨液回收装置:201120570388.0[P].2012-10-10.
[6]李志强,于革刚.废镀锌板回收利用技术分析与研究[C]//中国机械工业联合会.2007先进制造与数据共享国际研讨会论文集.北京:中国机械工业联合会,2007:119-123.
[7]杨斌,刘大春徐宝强,等.真空蒸馏法处理热镀锌渣回收金属锌[C]//宝钢集团企业开发总公司.首届宝钢冶金废弃资源综合利用技术论坛论文汇编.上海:宝钢科学技术协会,2006:266-268.
[8]韩龙,杨斌,杨部正,等.热镀锌渣真空蒸馏回收金属锌的研究[J].真空科学与技术学报,2009,29(增刊):101-104.
[9]徐宝强,杨斌,刘大春,等.真空蒸馏法处理热镀锌渣回收金属锌的研究[J].有色矿冶,2007,23(4):53-55.
[10]卜二军,薛向欣,李玉银.采用立式真空炉处理冷轧厂热镀锌渣的中试研究[C]//中国金属学会.第九届中国钢铁年会论文集.北京:中国金属学会,2013:1-6.
[11]韩龙,杨斌,戴永年.热镀锌渣真空蒸馏挥发规律的研究及应用[J].矿冶工程,2012,32(6):71-73.
[12]李福秀.用真空烘烤法从热镀锌废钢板上回收锌[J].湖南冶金,1995(2):64.
[13]张学士,王立新,张翼,等.铜合金熔炼渣及烟尘的重金属回收湿法工艺[C]//中国有色金属加工工业协会.2010中国铜加工技术创新及产业升级大会论文集.上海:中国有色金属加工工业协会,2010:238-246.
[14]TSAKIRIDIS P E,OUSTADAKIS P,KATSIAPIA,et al.Hydrometallurgical process for zinc recovery from electric arc furnace dust(EAFD).Part II:downstream processing and zinc recovery by electrowinning[J].J Hazard Mater,2010,179(1/3):8-14.
[15]MONTENEGRO V,AGATZINI-LEONARDOU S,OUSTADAKIS P,et al.Hydrometallurgical treatment of EAF dust by direct sulphuric acid leaching at atmospheric pressure[J].Waste Biomass Valor,2016,7(6):1531-1548.
[16]DUTRA A J B,PAIVA P R P,TAVARES L M.Alkaline leaching of zinc from electric arc furnace steel dust[J].Miner Eng,2006,19(5):478-485.
[17]GüRMEN S,EMRE M.A laboratory-scale investigation of alkaline zinc electrowinning[J].Miner Eng,2003,16(6):559-562.
[18]ZHAO Y C,STANFORTH R.Integrated hydrometallurgical process for production of zinc from electric arc furnace dust in alkaline medium[J].J Hazard Mater,2000,80(1/3):223-240.
[19]ZHAO Y C,STANFORTH R.Production of Zn powder by alkaline treatment of smithsonite Zn-Pb ores[J].Hydrometallurgy,2000,56(2):237V249.
[20]ZHAO Y C,STANFORTH R.Extraction of zinc from zinc ferrites by fusion with caustic soda[J].Miner Eng,2000,13(13):1417-1421.
[21]ZHAO Y C,STANFORTH R.Selective separation of lead from alkaline zinc solution by sulfide precipitation[J].Sep Sci Technol,2001,36(11):2561-2570.
[22]ST-PIERRE J,PIRON D L.Electrowinning of zinc from alkaline solutions[J].J Appl Electrochem,1986,16(3):447-456.
[23]ST-PIERRE J,PIRON D L.Electrowinning of zinc from alkaline solutions at high current densities[J].JAppl Electrochem,1990,20(1):163V165.
[24]刘清,赵由才,招国栋,等.EDTA络合滴定与酸碱滴定联合测定含锌碱性溶液中游离碱、锌和碳酸钠[J].冶金分析,2006,26(6):10V13.
[25]田源.电镀工业含锡泥渣碱浸-锌粉置换回收锡的研究[D].徐州:中国矿业大学,2017.
[26]MACKINNON D J,BRANNEN J M,LAKSHMAN-AN V I.Zinc deposit structures obtained from synthetic zinc chloride electrolyte[J].J Appl Electrochem,1979,9(5):603-613.