盐碱地土壤微生物生态特性研究进展
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摘要
盐碱土遍布于全球100多国家,面积高达1×109 hm~2,作为重要的后备土地资源,将其合理的开发利用是目前的热点问题。盐碱土壤中蕴藏着丰富的微生物资源,微生物对土壤物质组分、理化性质和微环境表现出高度的响应特性,通过对土壤微生物进行系统、深入研究有助于揭示盐碱土的生物过程机制。本文回顾了国内外关于盐碱土特定环境中的微生物进展,从土壤微生物多样性分布格局、土壤改良过程中微生物群落变化、功能性微生物土壤修复机制及资源利用等角度进行综述,以期为盐碱土微生物生态功能研究提供借鉴。
Saline-alkali soil, covering an area of 1×109 hectares, is widely distributed in more than 100 countries all over the world. As an important reserved land resource, how to develop and utilize it rationally is a hot issue at present. There are abundant microbial resources in saline-alkali soil. Microorganism showed a high degree of response to soil components, physical and chemical properties and micro-environment. The systematic and in-depth study of soil microorganisms would be helpful to reveal the biological process mechanism of saline-alkali soil. We reviewed the microbial progress in the special environment of saline-alkali soil. The distribution pattern of soil microbial diversity,and the change of microbial community, the mechanism of soil remediation by the functional microorganisms and the utilization of soil resources in the process of soil improvement were summarized in order to provide reference for the study of microbial ecological function in saline-alkali soil.
Saline-alkali soil, covering an area of 1×109 hectares, is widely distributed in more than 100 countries all over the world. As an important reserved land resource, how to develop and utilize it rationally is a hot issue at present. There are abundant microbial resources in saline-alkali soil. Microorganism showed a high degree of response to soil components, physical and chemical properties and micro-environment. The systematic and in-depth study of soil microorganisms would be helpful to reveal the biological process mechanism of saline-alkali soil. We reviewed the microbial progress in the special environment of saline-alkali soil. The distribution pattern of soil microbial diversity,and the change of microbial community, the mechanism of soil remediation by the functional microorganisms and the utilization of soil resources in the process of soil improvement were summarized in order to provide reference for the study of microbial ecological function in saline-alkali soil.
引文
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[21]杨秀娟,胡玉昆,房飞,等.不同类型盐碱土有机碳及微生物生物量碳的垂直分布特征[J].生态学杂志,2013,32(5):1208-1214.
[22]牛世全,杨婷婷,李君锋,等.盐碱土微生物功能群季节动态与土壤理化因子的关系[J].干旱区研究,2011,28(2):328-334.
[23]ZHANG H,TANG J,LIANG S.Effects of snow cover plus straw mulching on microorganisms in paddy soil during winter[J].Applied Soil Ecology,2017,119:339-344.
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