铈对新型超级双相不锈钢2707HD夹杂物变性的影响
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摘要
为了提高钢的洁净度,实现夹杂物无害化控制,研究了稀土铈对新型超级双相不锈钢2707HD中夹杂物变性行为的影响。通过热力学计算,初步判定了加入铈后钢液中可能生成夹杂物的类型。利用金相显微镜(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)和Image-Pro6.0软件对钢中夹杂物的尺寸、形貌和类型进行表征和分析。结果表明,当铈的质量分数为0.03%时,钢中尺寸小于1和1~2μm夹杂物的比例均增加,而大于2μm夹杂物的比例下降;当铈的质量分数为0.06%时,小于2μm夹杂物的比例下降,并且有大于5μm的夹杂物生成。铈使不规则的Al_2O_3夹杂物变性为规则的Ce_2O_3和Ce_2O_2S稀土夹杂物,并伴有Ce_2O_3-Ce_2O_2S和CeAlO_3-Ce_2O_2S复合夹杂物的生成,有效减少了钢中不规则夹杂物的数量。
In order to improve the cleanliness of the steel and realize the harmlessness control of the inclusions, the effect of Ce on inclusion modification behavior of a new type super duplex stainless steel 2707 HD was researched. The possible inclusions generate type in super duplex stainless steel with Ce was preliminary determined by thermodynamics calculation. The sizes,morphology and type of inclusions were characterized and analyzed by metallographic microscope,scanning electron microscope,energy dispersive spectrometer and Image-Pro6.0. The results showed that the tiny inclusions(less than 1 μm)and 1-2 μm inclusions increase,while the proportion of inclusions larger than 2 μm decrease in the super duplex stainless steel with mass percent of 0.03% Ce. The proportion of inclusions smaller than 2 μm decreased,and inclusions larger than 5 μm were formed with mass percent of 0.06% Ce. Ce can transform irregular Al_2O_3 inclusions into regular Ce_2O_3 and Ce_2O_2S rare earth inclusions and accompanied by the formation of Ce_2O_3-Ce_2O_2 S and CeAlO_3-Ce_2O_2S composite inclusions. Moreover Ce element can effectively decrease the amount of irregular inclusions.
In order to improve the cleanliness of the steel and realize the harmlessness control of the inclusions, the effect of Ce on inclusion modification behavior of a new type super duplex stainless steel 2707 HD was researched. The possible inclusions generate type in super duplex stainless steel with Ce was preliminary determined by thermodynamics calculation. The sizes,morphology and type of inclusions were characterized and analyzed by metallographic microscope,scanning electron microscope,energy dispersive spectrometer and Image-Pro6.0. The results showed that the tiny inclusions(less than 1 μm)and 1-2 μm inclusions increase,while the proportion of inclusions larger than 2 μm decrease in the super duplex stainless steel with mass percent of 0.03% Ce. The proportion of inclusions smaller than 2 μm decreased,and inclusions larger than 5 μm were formed with mass percent of 0.06% Ce. Ce can transform irregular Al_2O_3 inclusions into regular Ce_2O_3 and Ce_2O_2S rare earth inclusions and accompanied by the formation of Ce_2O_3-Ce_2O_2 S and CeAlO_3-Ce_2O_2S composite inclusions. Moreover Ce element can effectively decrease the amount of irregular inclusions.
引文
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[21]杨吉春,贾宏伟,周莉,等.微量稀土铈在超洁净IF钢中的作用[J].钢铁,2015,50(11):81.(YANG Ji-chun,JIA Hong-wei,ZHOU Li,et al.Mechanism of trace cerium in ultra-clean IF steel[J].Iron and Steel,2015,50(11):81.)
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[23]刘靖,姚晓乐,贺景春.稀土La和Ce对25Cr Mo VB钢夹杂物的影响[J].金属热处理,2012,37(10):17.(LIU Jing,YAO Xiao-le,HE Jing-chun.Effects of rare earth element La and Ce on inclusions of 25Cr Mo VB steel[J].Heat Treatment of Metals,2012,37(10):17.)
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[25]赵晓栋,姜江,李国宝,等.钢中大尺寸稀土夹杂物的形成动力学研究[J].中国稀土学报,2004,22(1):142.(ZHAO Xiaodong,JIANG Jiang,LI Guo-bao,et al.Kinetics of formation of large rare earth inclusion in steels[J].Journal of the Chinese Rare Earth Society,2004,22(1):142.)
[26]杨超云,栾义坤,李殿中,等.稀土元素对高洁净度轴承钢中夹杂物的影响研究[J].炼钢,2016,32(4):54.(YANG Chaoyun,LUAN Yi-kun,LI Dian-zhong,et al.Effect of RE on inclusions in highly clean bearing steel[J].Steelmaking,2016,32(4):54.)
[27]吴斌,陈兴润,王建新,等.304不锈钢热轧板中非金属夹杂物的研究[J].钢铁研究,2015,43(1):16.(WU Bin,CHEN Xingrun,WANG Jian-xin,et al.Study on non-metallic inclusions in hot-rolled plate of 304 stainless steel[J].Research on Iron and Steel,2015,43(1):16.)
[28]Ha Heon-young,Park Chan-jin,Kwon Hyuk-sang.Effects of misch metal on the formation of non-metallic inclusions and the associated resistance to pitting corrosion in 25%Cr duplex stainless steels[J].Scripta Materialia,2006,55(11):991.
[29]王昕,尹树春,贺磊,等.0.05C-0.3Si-2.0Mn-x Ce系钢液的洁净度与夹杂物变性行为[J].材料工程,2013(3):42.(WANG Xin,YIN Shu-chun,HE Lei,et al.The cleanliness and modification behavior of nonmetallic inclusions in 0.05C-0.3Si-2.0Mn-x Ce molten steel[J].Journal of Materials Engineering,2013(3):42.)
[30]Seiji Nabeshima.Effect of aluminum and rare-earth metal concentration on the composition of inclusion in Si-Mn killed steel[J].Steelmaking Conference Proceedings,2001,40(8):12.
[31]LIU Xiao,WANG Long-mei.Effects of rare earth addition on the inclusions and mechanical properties of 2205 duplex stainless steel[J].Advanced Materials Research,2012,503/504:463.
[2]崔利民,张欣杰,才丽娟.超级双相不锈钢生产工艺实践[J].中国冶金,2017,27(9):44.(CUI Li-min,ZHANG Xin-jie,CAI Li-juan.Process practice of super duplex stainless steel[J].China Metallurgy,2017,27(9):44.)
[3]ZHANG Bin-bin,JIANG Zhou-hua,LI Hua-bing,et al.Precipitation behavior and phase transformation of hyper duplex stainless steel UNS S32707 at nose temperature[J].Materials Characterization,2017,129:31.
[4]LI Hua-bing,JIAO Wei-chao,FENG Hao,et al.Deformation characteristic and constitutive modeling of 2707 hyper duplex stainless steel under hot compression[J].Metals,2016,6(9):1.
[5]Katsumata A,Todoroki H.Effects of rare earth metal on inclusion composition in molten stainless steel[J].Iron and Steel Maker,2002,29:51.
[6]周彦召,邹长东.铝镇静特殊钢B类非金属夹杂物原因分析与控制[J].中国冶金,2018,28(4):48.(ZHOU Yan-zhao,ZOU Chang-dong.Cause analysis and control of B type nonmetallic inclusions of Al killed special steel[J].China Metallurgy,2018,28(4):48.)
[7]张欣杰,张欢欢,崔利民.奥氏体不锈钢夹杂物控制工艺技术探讨[J].中国冶金,2018,28(1):45.(ZHANG Xin-jie,ZHANG Huan-huan,CUI Li-min.Discussion of austenitic stainless steel inclusion control technology[J].China Metallurgy,2018,28(1):45.)
[8]周平,董杰,朱荣,等.Y20Ca RE易切削钢的研究[J].中国冶金,2005,15(6):23.(ZHOU Ping,DONG Jie,ZHU Rong,et al.Study of Y20Ca RE free cutting steel[J].China Metallurgy,2005,15(6):23.)
[9]倪瑞明,吴承建,冯松筠.铈在低硫16Mn钢中的作用[J].钢铁,1986,21(5):13.(NI Rui-ming,WU Cheng-jian,FENG Song-jun.Function of cerium in low sulfur 16Mn steel[J].Iron and Steel,1986,21(5):13.)
[10]贺磊,侯阳,原春阳,等.Ce对低碳高强度钢液夹杂物变性的研究[J].钢铁钒钛,2013,34(3):67.(HE Lei,HOU Yang,YUAN Chun-yang,et al.Effect of Ce on the purifying degree and inclusion modification of low carbon and high-strength steel[J].Iron Steel Vanadium Titanium,2013,34(3):67.)
[11]傅绪鑫.稀土元素Ce对超级双相不锈钢组织与热加工性能的影响[D].上海:上海交通大学,2009.(FU Xu-xin.Effect of Rare-Earth Element Cerium on the Microstructure and HotWorking Properties of Super Duplex Stainless Steel[D].Shanghai:Shanghai Jiao Tong University,2009.)
[12]王晓峰,陈伟庆,郑宏光.铈对超级双相不锈钢凝固组织的影响[J].中国稀土学报,2008,26(6):734.(WANG Xiao-feng,CHEN Wei-qing,ZHENG Hong-guang.Influence of cerium on solidification structure of super duplex stainless steel[J].Journal of the Chinese Rare Earth Society,2008,26(6):734.)
[13]李培忠,蔡洁,马良,等.CSP流程3.0Si-0.8Al-0.0062Ce无取向硅钢热轧板组织、结构及夹杂物[J].稀土,2015,36(6):96.(LI Pei-zhong,CAI Jie,MA Liang,et al.Structure,texture and inclusion in hot rolled sheet of 3.0Si-0.8Al-0.006 2Ce non-oriented electrical steel produced by CSP process[J].Chinese Rare Earths,2015,36(6):96.)
[14]李文超.钢中稀土夹杂物生成的热力学规律[J].钢铁,1986,21(3):7.(LI Wen-chao.Thermodynamics of the formation of rare-earth inclusions in steel[J].Iron and Steel,1986,21(3):7.)
[15]LIU Xiao,YANG Ji-chun,YANG Lin,et al.Effect of Ce on inclusions and impact property of 2Cr13 stainless steel[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research,International,2010,17(12):59.
[16]黄希祜.钢铁冶金原理[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2013.(HUANG Xi-hu.Iron and Steel Metallurgy Principle[M].Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,2013.)
[17]李娜,陆勤阳,王永强,等.Ce对2.9%Si-0.8%Al无取向硅钢夹杂物变质的影响[J].钢铁研究学报,2017,29(7):570.(LI Na,LU Qin-yang,WANG Yong-qiang,et al.Effect of Ce on inclusions modification in 2.9%Si-0.8%Al non-oriented electrical steel[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research,2017,29(7):570.)
[18]刘香军,杨吉春,丁海峰,等.洁净钢中稀土铈变质夹杂物行为研究[J].热加工工艺,2016,45(9):92.(LIU Xiang-jun,YANG Ji-chun,DING Hai-feng,et al.Study on behavior of rare earth cerium modifying inclusions in clean steel[J].Hot Working Technology,2016,45(9):92.)
[19]刘晓,杨吉春,高学中.稀土2Cr13不锈钢中夹杂物的热力学分析及试验研究[J].钢铁,2010,45(8):65.(LIU Xiao,YANG Ji-chun,GAO Xue-zhong.Thermodynamic analysis and observation of inclusions in RE-2Cr13 stainless steel[J].Iron and Steel,2010,45(8):65.)
[20]张风林,任鸿儒,原春阳,等.Ce对0.2C-0.5Si-1.5Mn钢液洁净度与夹杂物变性的研究[J].太原理工大学学报,2013,43(5):595.(ZHANG Feng-lin,REN Hong-ru,YUAN Chunyang,et al.Effect of rare earth Ce on the purifying degree and inclusion modification of 0.2C-0.5Si-1.5Mn molten steel[J].Journal of Taiyuan University of Technology,2013,43(5):595.)
[21]杨吉春,贾宏伟,周莉,等.微量稀土铈在超洁净IF钢中的作用[J].钢铁,2015,50(11):81.(YANG Ji-chun,JIA Hong-wei,ZHOU Li,et al.Mechanism of trace cerium in ultra-clean IF steel[J].Iron and Steel,2015,50(11):81.)
[22]蔡国军,董方.稀土Ce对1Cr18Mn8Ni5N不锈钢耐均匀腐蚀性能影响[J].中国冶金,2010,20(7):8.(CAI Guo-jun,DONG Fang.Effect of Ce on uniform corrosion properties of1Cr18Mn8Ni5N stainless steel[J].China Metallurgy,2010,20(7):8.)
[23]刘靖,姚晓乐,贺景春.稀土La和Ce对25Cr Mo VB钢夹杂物的影响[J].金属热处理,2012,37(10):17.(LIU Jing,YAO Xiao-le,HE Jing-chun.Effects of rare earth element La and Ce on inclusions of 25Cr Mo VB steel[J].Heat Treatment of Metals,2012,37(10):17.)
[24]牟红霞.5Cr Ni Mo钢中大尺寸稀土夹杂物的形貌和形成动力学研究[D].济南:山东大学,2006.(MU Hong-xia.Studing Appearance and Kinetic of Big-Dimension Rare Earth Inclusions in 5Cr Ni Mo Steels[D].Jinan:Shandong University,2006.)
[25]赵晓栋,姜江,李国宝,等.钢中大尺寸稀土夹杂物的形成动力学研究[J].中国稀土学报,2004,22(1):142.(ZHAO Xiaodong,JIANG Jiang,LI Guo-bao,et al.Kinetics of formation of large rare earth inclusion in steels[J].Journal of the Chinese Rare Earth Society,2004,22(1):142.)
[26]杨超云,栾义坤,李殿中,等.稀土元素对高洁净度轴承钢中夹杂物的影响研究[J].炼钢,2016,32(4):54.(YANG Chaoyun,LUAN Yi-kun,LI Dian-zhong,et al.Effect of RE on inclusions in highly clean bearing steel[J].Steelmaking,2016,32(4):54.)
[27]吴斌,陈兴润,王建新,等.304不锈钢热轧板中非金属夹杂物的研究[J].钢铁研究,2015,43(1):16.(WU Bin,CHEN Xingrun,WANG Jian-xin,et al.Study on non-metallic inclusions in hot-rolled plate of 304 stainless steel[J].Research on Iron and Steel,2015,43(1):16.)
[28]Ha Heon-young,Park Chan-jin,Kwon Hyuk-sang.Effects of misch metal on the formation of non-metallic inclusions and the associated resistance to pitting corrosion in 25%Cr duplex stainless steels[J].Scripta Materialia,2006,55(11):991.
[29]王昕,尹树春,贺磊,等.0.05C-0.3Si-2.0Mn-x Ce系钢液的洁净度与夹杂物变性行为[J].材料工程,2013(3):42.(WANG Xin,YIN Shu-chun,HE Lei,et al.The cleanliness and modification behavior of nonmetallic inclusions in 0.05C-0.3Si-2.0Mn-x Ce molten steel[J].Journal of Materials Engineering,2013(3):42.)
[30]Seiji Nabeshima.Effect of aluminum and rare-earth metal concentration on the composition of inclusion in Si-Mn killed steel[J].Steelmaking Conference Proceedings,2001,40(8):12.
[31]LIU Xiao,WANG Long-mei.Effects of rare earth addition on the inclusions and mechanical properties of 2205 duplex stainless steel[J].Advanced Materials Research,2012,503/504:463.