基于多波段混合气体吸收谱线的波长标定方法研究
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摘要
为实现光纤扫描光源宽调谐范围内输出波长的高精度标定,提出了一种基于多波段混合气体吸收谱线的波长标定方法。采用分段阈值二阶导极值法和洛伦兹线型拟合法从混合气体吸收光谱中提取多条谱线中心位置,以其波长和驱动电压为参考点对Fabry-Perot(F-P)可调谐滤波器的迟滞非线性特性进行二次多项式拟合标定。将C2H2在C波段的吸收带与CO2在L波段的吸收带相结合,选取了21条C2H2谱线和16条CO2谱线作为波长参考。将本方法用于C+L波段的光纤光栅(FBG)波长解调,在0~60℃范围内波长拟合标准差小于3.3pm,线性相关系数大于0.999 8,系统稳定性误差小于2.6pm。
In order to recognize the output wavelength of fiber swept source precisely in a wide tuning range,a wavelength calibrating method based on mixed gas absorption lines in multiple near-infrared bands is proposed.Second derivative extremum with segmented threshold and Lorentzian line shape fitting are used to extract the accurate center positions of multiple absorption lines from mixed gas absorption spectrum.The absorption wavelengths and their corresponding drive voltages can be adopted as stable reference points to calibrate the nonlinear characteristics of the fiber Farby-Perot tunable filter.The nonlinearity is usually described using second order polynomial due to the small fitting error.In this paper,the absorption branch of acetylene in C-band and that of carbon dioxide in L-band are combined to provide wavelength reference.21absorption lines of acetylene and 16absorption lines of carbon dioxide are selected respectively according to the absorption intensity.When the proposed wavelength calibrating method is applied to get the wavelengths of FBG string in C+L band,the standard deviation of wavelength linear fitting in the temperature range from 0℃to 60℃is no more than 3.3pm and the linear correlation coefficient is larger than 0.9998.The system has a good stability with a repeatability standard deviation less than 2.6pm.
In order to recognize the output wavelength of fiber swept source precisely in a wide tuning range,a wavelength calibrating method based on mixed gas absorption lines in multiple near-infrared bands is proposed.Second derivative extremum with segmented threshold and Lorentzian line shape fitting are used to extract the accurate center positions of multiple absorption lines from mixed gas absorption spectrum.The absorption wavelengths and their corresponding drive voltages can be adopted as stable reference points to calibrate the nonlinear characteristics of the fiber Farby-Perot tunable filter.The nonlinearity is usually described using second order polynomial due to the small fitting error.In this paper,the absorption branch of acetylene in C-band and that of carbon dioxide in L-band are combined to provide wavelength reference.21absorption lines of acetylene and 16absorption lines of carbon dioxide are selected respectively according to the absorption intensity.When the proposed wavelength calibrating method is applied to get the wavelengths of FBG string in C+L band,the standard deviation of wavelength linear fitting in the temperature range from 0℃to 60℃is no more than 3.3pm and the linear correlation coefficient is larger than 0.9998.The system has a good stability with a repeatability standard deviation less than 2.6pm.
引文
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[18]Li L,Tong X L,Zhou C M,et al.Integration of miniature Fabry-Perot fiber optic sensor with FBG for the measurement of temperature and strain[J].Optics Communications,2011,284(6):1612-1615.
[19]MA Xiao-chuan,ZHOU Zhen-an,LIU Ai-chun,et al.A highsensitivity and stable fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor[J].Journal of Optoelectronics·Laser,2013,24(7):1245-1250.马晓川,周振安,刘爱春,等.高灵敏度稳定光纤光栅温度传感器的研究[J].光电子·激光,2013,24(7):1245-1250.
[2]Li R M,Yu Y L,Shum P.Addressing fiber Bragg grating sensors with wavelength-swept pulse fiber laser and analog electrical switch[J].Optics Communications,2011,284(6):1561-1564.
[3]QI Jie,DONG Xiao-peng,SHEN Yan-xin,et al.Research on fiber gas sensor system based on scanning light source[J].Chinese Journal of Lasers,2011,38(9):0905001.齐洁,董小鹏,沈炎鑫,等.基于扫描光源的光纤气体传感系统的研究[J].中国激光,2011,38(9):0905001.
[4]Hall D A.Review:nonlinearity in piezoelectric ceramics[J].Journal of Materials Science,2001,36(19):4575-4601.
[5]QI Hai-bing,WEI Shu-hua,CHEN Wei.Design and experimental research of a high-precision wavelength controller for tunable fiber Fabry-Perot filters[J].Optoelectronics Letters,2013,9(2):101-104.
[6]Whitenett G,Stewart G,Yu H B,et al.Investigation of a tunable mode-locked fiber laser for application to multipoint gas spectroscopy[J].Journal of Lightwave Technology,2004,22(3):813-819.
[7]LIU Kun,LIU Tie-gen,JIANG Jun-feng,et al.Nonlinearity investigation of tunable optical filter based on FBG sensing system[J].Journal of Optoelectronics·Laser,2010,21(7):970-973.刘琨,刘铁根,江俊峰,等.基于FBG传感系统的可调光滤波器非线性研究[J].光电子·激光,2010,21(7):970-973.
[8]Jiang M.A fiber optic faint pressure sensor used in hightemperature environment[J].Microwave and Optical Technology Letters,2013,55(8):1891-1893.
[9]Swann W C,Gilbert S L.Pressure-induced shift and broadening of 1510-1540-nm acetylene wavelength calibration lines[J].Journal of the Optical Society of America B,2000,17(7):1263-1270.
[10]Swann W C,Gilbert S L.Line centers,pressure shift,and pressure broadening of 1 530~1 560 nm hydrogen cyanide wavelength calibration lines[J].Journal of the Optical Society of America B,2005,22(8):1749-1756.
[11]Perez-Herrera R A,Ullan A,Leandro D,et al.L-band multiwavelength single-longitudinal mode fiber laser for sensing applications[J].Journal of Lightwave Technology,2012,30(8):1173-1177.
[12]HE Wei,ZHU Lian-qing,ZHANG Yin-min,et al.A high flattening C+L band Er3+-doped fiber broadband source with the single pump structure[J].Journal of Optoelectronics·Laser,2013,24(12):2308-2313.何巍,祝连庆,张荫民,等.基于单泵浦源结构的高平坦C+L波段掺Er3+光纤宽带光源[J].光电子·激光,2013,24(12):2308-2313.
[13]Wang Q,Yu Q X.Continuously tunable S and C+L band ultra wideband erbium-doped fiber ring laser[J].Laser Physics Letters,2009,6(8):607-610.
[14]Rothman L S,Gordon I E,Barbe A,et al.The HITRAN2008 molecular spectroscopic database[J].Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy&Radiative Transfer,2009,110(9-10):533-572.
[15]CHEN Zhou,TAO Shao-hua,DU Xiang-jun,et al.Accurate calculation of spectral line profiles by considering influence of varying pressure and temperature in a gas[J].Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis,2013,33(2):312-315.陈舟,陶少华,杜翔军,等.温度和压强的变化对谱线线型峰值的影响[J].光谱学与光谱分析,2013,33(2):312-315.
[16]LIU Kun,ZOU Chao,LIU Tie-gen,et al.Self-Reference type signal processing in fiber gas sensing system[J].Journal of Tianjin University,2012,45(2):100-105.刘琨,邹超,刘铁根,等.自参考式光纤气体传感数据处理方法[J].天津大学学报,2012,45(2):100-105.
[17]JING Wen-cai,WANG Guang-hui,LIU Kun,et al.Application of weighted wavelength algorithm on the demodulation of a fiber Bragg grating optical sensing system[J].Journal of Optoelectronics·Laser,2007,18(9):1022-1025.井文才,王光辉,刘琨,等.功率加权法用于光纤Bragg光栅特征波长检测[J].光电子·激光,2007,18(9):1022-1025.
[18]Li L,Tong X L,Zhou C M,et al.Integration of miniature Fabry-Perot fiber optic sensor with FBG for the measurement of temperature and strain[J].Optics Communications,2011,284(6):1612-1615.
[19]MA Xiao-chuan,ZHOU Zhen-an,LIU Ai-chun,et al.A highsensitivity and stable fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor[J].Journal of Optoelectronics·Laser,2013,24(7):1245-1250.马晓川,周振安,刘爱春,等.高灵敏度稳定光纤光栅温度传感器的研究[J].光电子·激光,2013,24(7):1245-1250.