认知干预在高校学生初次献血中的应用
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摘要
目的本研究意在探讨认知干预在高校学生初次献血者无偿献血中的应用。方法选取2018年8月～9月在长春市某高校自愿参加无偿献血的140例初次献血的高校学生为研究对象,随机分为对照组和观察组,每组各70例。对照组献血前根据1周内的实际情况自行填写SAS焦虑自评量表,全程给予常规采血护理;观察组在献血前给予认知干预,干预后根据实际情况自行填写SAS焦虑自评量表,并联合常规采血护理;献血后2组分别填写满意度调查表。对比2组焦虑量表得分情况、献血量变化情况及满意度。结果干预后,观察组焦虑得分为明显低于对照组、献血总量高于对照组、护理满意度高于对照组(P <0.05)。结论通过对高校初次献血者实施认知干预,降低了这部分献血者的心理焦虑程度,提高了献血总量以及献血护理满意度。
Objective To explore the application of cognitive intervention in the voluntary blood donation of College Students' first blood donation. Methods 140 college students who volunteered to participate in voluntary blood donation from August to September 2018 were randomly divided into control group and observation group with 70 cases in each group. Before blood donation, the control group filled in SAS self-rating anxiety scale according to the actual situation within a week, and was given routine blood collection nursing care throughout the course; before blood donation, the observation group was given cognitive intervention, after intervention, according to the actual situation, they filled in SAS self-rating anxiety scale and combined with routine blood collection nursing; after blood donation, the two groups of blood donors filled in satisfaction questionnaire respectively. The scores of anxiety scale, the changes of blood donation volume and satisfaction of the two groups were compared. Results After intervention, the anxiety score of the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group, the total amount of blood donation was higher than that of the control group, and the nursing satisfaction was higher than that of the control group, with statistical significance(P < 0.05). Conclusion Cognitive intervention for the first time blood donors in college can reduce the psychological anxiety of these blood donors and improve the total amount of blood donation and the satisfaction of blood donation nursing.
Objective To explore the application of cognitive intervention in the voluntary blood donation of College Students' first blood donation. Methods 140 college students who volunteered to participate in voluntary blood donation from August to September 2018 were randomly divided into control group and observation group with 70 cases in each group. Before blood donation, the control group filled in SAS self-rating anxiety scale according to the actual situation within a week, and was given routine blood collection nursing care throughout the course; before blood donation, the observation group was given cognitive intervention, after intervention, according to the actual situation, they filled in SAS self-rating anxiety scale and combined with routine blood collection nursing; after blood donation, the two groups of blood donors filled in satisfaction questionnaire respectively. The scores of anxiety scale, the changes of blood donation volume and satisfaction of the two groups were compared. Results After intervention, the anxiety score of the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group, the total amount of blood donation was higher than that of the control group, and the nursing satisfaction was higher than that of the control group, with statistical significance(P < 0.05). Conclusion Cognitive intervention for the first time blood donors in college can reduce the psychological anxiety of these blood donors and improve the total amount of blood donation and the satisfaction of blood donation nursing.
引文
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[19]沈晓兰,叶玉芳.构建无偿献血工作长效机制的问题与对策[J].中国输血杂志,2008,9(21):714-715.
[20]高晓莉.综合护理干预在无偿献血中的应用效果评价[J].中国医药指南,2016,14(31):272.
[2]张英,张亚,高梦姣,等.长沙市大学生无偿献血现状分析及对策研究[J].全科护理,2014,12(15):1345-1346.
[3]苟加明,刘娟,黎桂菊,等.大学生无偿献血状况及影响因素调查与分析[J].中国输血杂志,2010,23(6):472-474.
[4]WANG S R.Positive practice toward voluntary unpaid blood donation among college students in shandong,China,2013-2017[J].Eval Health Prof,2018(1):1-4.
[5]HWANG J I,LOU F,HAN S S,et a1.Professionalism:the major factor influencing job satisfaction among Korean and Chinese nurses[J].Int Nurs Rev,2009,56(3):313-318.
[6]YEUN E J,KWON Y M,AHN O H.Development of a nursing professionalvalues scale[J].J Korean Nurs,2005,35(6):1091-1100.
[7]郑茵红,胡俊锋,金志坚.2007年9-10月份杭州市大学生无偿献血分析[J].人人健康(医学导刊),2007(10):74-75.
[8]MCLENON J,ROGERS M.The fear of needles:a systematic review and meta-analysis[J].J Adv Nurs,2019,75(1):30-42.
[9]SCHREIBER G B,SHAMA U K,WRIGHT D J,et al.First year donation patterns predict long-term commitment for fi rsttime donors[J].Vox Sangguinis,2010,88(2):114-121.
[10]BECK J S.Cognitive therapy:basic cognitive strategies and beyond[M].New York:Guilford Press,1995:338.
[11]JANSEN P,SüMNIG A,ESEFELD M,et al.Well-being and return rate of first-time whole blood donors[J].Vox Sang,2019,114(2):154-161.
[12]王雪.济南市无偿献血人群分析及影响因素研究[D].济南:山东大学,2008.
[13]王宇中.心理评定与调适[M].郑州:河南人民出版社,1997:35-39.
[14]张寒梅.淄博市献血现状及无偿献血者对献血知识的调查分析[D].青岛:青岛大学,2013.
[15]王红梅,姚萍,苏虹.我国无偿献血人群分布特征及血液检测状况阴[J].临床输血与检验,2008,10(2):190-192.
[16]李燕琴,白斌,田晶.西安市大学生无偿献血知识、态度和行为调查[J].现代预防医学,2013(2):303-305,311.
[17]张新平,陈国安.医科大学生无偿献血动机分析[J].中国卫生事业管理,2002(1):42-43.
[18]EAMONN F,KATHLEEN F,CLAIRE L.Blood donation is an act of benevolence rather than altruism[J].Health Psychology,2008,27(3):327-336.
[19]沈晓兰,叶玉芳.构建无偿献血工作长效机制的问题与对策[J].中国输血杂志,2008,9(21):714-715.
[20]高晓莉.综合护理干预在无偿献血中的应用效果评价[J].中国医药指南,2016,14(31):272.