浙江省嘉兴市主要病媒生物对常用卫生杀虫剂的抗药性调查
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摘要
目的了解嘉兴市德国小蠊、白纹伊蚊及家蝇对常用卫生杀虫剂的抗药性情况,为制定合理、有效的防治措施提供科学依据。方法采用药膜法测定残杀威、高效氯氰菊酯、敌敌畏、溴氰菊酯、乙酰甲胺磷对德国小蠊的半数击倒时间(KT50);采用成蚊接触筒法测定白纹伊蚊在残杀威、高效氯氰菊酯、溴氰菊酯、氯菊酯、马拉硫磷诊断剂量下的死亡率;采用微量点滴法测定残杀威、高效氯氰菊酯、敌敌畏、溴氰菊酯、氯菊酯对家蝇的半数致死量(LD50)。结果嘉兴市区德国小蠊对溴氰菊酯、敌敌畏表现为中抗,抗性倍数分别为8.21和5.33倍;对高效氯氰菊酯表现为低抗,其抗性倍数为4.31倍;对残杀威和乙酰甲胺磷敏感,其抗性倍数分别为1.58和1.05倍。白纹伊蚊对高效氯氰菊酯、溴氰菊酯和氯菊酯的死亡率分别为100%、100%和98.67%,表现为敏感;对马拉硫磷和残杀威的死亡率分别为97.33%和90.67%,表现为可能抗性。家蝇对敌敌畏的抗性为中抗,抗性倍数为10.47倍;对溴氰菊酯、氯菊酯的抗性为低抗,抗性倍数分别为8.22和8.13倍;对残杀威、高效氯氰菊酯表现为敏感。结论嘉兴市德国小蠊、白纹伊蚊、家蝇对常用杀虫剂表现为不同程度抗性,应加强对杀虫剂抗药性的监测,科学、合理使用杀虫剂。
Objective To investigate the resistance status of Blattella germanica, Aedes albopictus, and Musca domestica to commonly used insecticides in Jiaxing, and to provide a scientific basis for the development of reasonable and effective prevention and control measures. Methods The residual film was used to determine the median knockdown time(KT50) of propoxur, beta-cypermethrin, dimethyl dichloro-vinyl phosphate(DDVP), deltamethrin, and acephate against B. germanica.The WHO standard test kits were used to measure the mortality of Ae. albopictus at diagnostic doses of propoxur, betacypermethrin, deltamethrin, permethrin, and malathion. Micro-topical application was used to determine the median lethal doses(LD50) of propoxur, beta-cypermethrin, DDVP, deltamethrin, and permethrin against M. domestica. Results Blattella germanica showed moderate resistance to deltamethrin and DDVP, with resistance ratios of 8.21 and 5.33, respectively,showed low resistance to beta-cypermethrin, with a resistance ratio of 4.31, and was sensitive to propoxur and acephate,with resistance ratios of 1.58 and 1.05, respectively. The mortality rates of Ae. albopictus to beta-cypermethrin, deltamethrin,and permethrin were 100%, 100%, and 98.67%, respectively, indicating that Ae. albopictus was sensitive to these insecticides. However, its mortality rates to malathion and propoxur were 97.33% and 90.67%, respectively, suggesting possible resistance. Musca domestica demonstrated moderate resistance to DDVP(resistance ratio: 10.47), low resistance to deltamethrin(8.22) and permethrin(8.13), and sensitivity to propoxur and beta-cypermethrin. Conclusion As shown from the resistance criteria, B. germanica, Ae. albopictus, and M. domestica in Jiaxing have different degrees of resistance to commonly used insecticides. Therefore, surveillance of insecticide resistance should be highlighted for rational use of insecticides.
Objective To investigate the resistance status of Blattella germanica, Aedes albopictus, and Musca domestica to commonly used insecticides in Jiaxing, and to provide a scientific basis for the development of reasonable and effective prevention and control measures. Methods The residual film was used to determine the median knockdown time(KT50) of propoxur, beta-cypermethrin, dimethyl dichloro-vinyl phosphate(DDVP), deltamethrin, and acephate against B. germanica.The WHO standard test kits were used to measure the mortality of Ae. albopictus at diagnostic doses of propoxur, betacypermethrin, deltamethrin, permethrin, and malathion. Micro-topical application was used to determine the median lethal doses(LD50) of propoxur, beta-cypermethrin, DDVP, deltamethrin, and permethrin against M. domestica. Results Blattella germanica showed moderate resistance to deltamethrin and DDVP, with resistance ratios of 8.21 and 5.33, respectively,showed low resistance to beta-cypermethrin, with a resistance ratio of 4.31, and was sensitive to propoxur and acephate,with resistance ratios of 1.58 and 1.05, respectively. The mortality rates of Ae. albopictus to beta-cypermethrin, deltamethrin,and permethrin were 100%, 100%, and 98.67%, respectively, indicating that Ae. albopictus was sensitive to these insecticides. However, its mortality rates to malathion and propoxur were 97.33% and 90.67%, respectively, suggesting possible resistance. Musca domestica demonstrated moderate resistance to DDVP(resistance ratio: 10.47), low resistance to deltamethrin(8.22) and permethrin(8.13), and sensitivity to propoxur and beta-cypermethrin. Conclusion As shown from the resistance criteria, B. germanica, Ae. albopictus, and M. domestica in Jiaxing have different degrees of resistance to commonly used insecticides. Therefore, surveillance of insecticide resistance should be highlighted for rational use of insecticides.
引文
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[15]刘起勇.我国病媒生物监测与控制现状分析及展望[J].中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2015,26(2):109-113,126. DOI:10.11853/j.issn.1003.4692.2015.02.001.
[2] Reid MC,McKenzie FE. The contribution of agricultural insecticide use to increasing insecticide resistance in African malaria vectors[J]. Malar J,2016,15:107. DOI:10.1186/s12936-016-1162-4.
[3]史琦琪,程鹏,公茂庆.蚊虫抗药性分子机制研究进展[J].中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2016,27(5):515-519. DOI:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2016.05.028.
[4]张丽阳,刘承兰.昆虫抗药性机制及抗性治理研究进展[J].环境昆虫学报,2016,38(3):640-647. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1674-0858.2016.02.28.
[5] Nkya TE,Akhouayri I,Poupardin R,et al. Insecticide resistance mechanisms associated with different environments in the malaria vector Anopheles gambiae:a case study in Tanzania[J].Malar J,2014,13:28. DOI:10.1186/1475-2875-13-28.
[6]中华人民共和国卫生部. GB/T 26350-2010蝇类抗药性检测方法家蝇生物测定法[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2011.
[7]中华人民共和国卫生部. GB/T 26347-2010蚊虫抗药性检测方法生物测定法[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2011.
[8]中华人民共和国卫生部. GB/T 26352-2010蜚蠊抗药性检测方法德国小蠊生物测定法[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2011.
[9]任樟尧,邱再平,杨天赐,等.临海市蚊、蝇、蜚蠊对7种杀虫剂的抗性调查[J].中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2008,19(3):206-208. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1003-4692.2008.03.011
[10]王义冠,师灿南,林国松,等.广东省潮州市白纹伊蚊对常用杀虫剂的抗药性[J].中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2016,27(3):228-231. DOI:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2016.03.004.
[11]杨敬,叶真,邱雪挺.卫生城市(乡镇、县城)创建理论与实践研究[M].杭州:浙江大学出版社,2015:185-192.
[12]叶萱.害虫抗性管理100年[J].世界农药,2015,37(1):23-25. DOI:10.16201/j.cnki.cn31-1827/tq.2015.01.06.
[13]冷培恩,高强,刘洪霞.公共环境治理与蚊媒控制[J].上海预防医学,2016,28(10):687-692. DOI:10.19428/j.cnki.sjpm.2016.10.005.
[14]徐荣,王桂安,马晓,等. 2011-2015年宁波地区白纹伊蚊孳生调查分析[J].寄生虫与医学昆虫学报,2016,23(2):105-110. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1005-0507.2016.02.007.
[15]刘起勇.我国病媒生物监测与控制现状分析及展望[J].中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2015,26(2):109-113,126. DOI:10.11853/j.issn.1003.4692.2015.02.001.