锚杆预紧扭矩闭环控制装置研究
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摘要
针对现有煤矿锚杆预紧扭矩控制装置存在结构复杂、可操作性较差及控制精度较低的问题,设计了一种机械式锚杆预紧扭矩闭环控制装置。该装置通过充液波纹管液体压力的变化来测量齿圈扭矩,并将该压力作用于滑阀,当扭矩达到控制值时滑阀动作,使锚杆预紧回路断开,一个锚杆预紧过程结束。仿真与井下试验结果表明,该装置能有效控制扭矩在480～510N·m内,响应速度快,可靠性高,控制精度达90%以上;温度、角度对测量结果不产生影响;扭矩倍增器传动效率、减磨垫摩擦因数分别导致控制结果误差为6.2%、10%,应使用摩擦因数较小的减磨垫并定期对扭矩倍增器进行维护。
In view of problems of complex structure,poor operability and low control precision of existing bolt pretension torque control device of coal mine,a mechanical bolt pretension torque closed-loop control device was designed.The device measures torque of gear ring by change of liquid pressure of the liquid-filled bellows and acts the pressure on slide valve.When the torque reaches control value,the slide valve can be action and makes the bolt pretension circuit cut off,so as to complete a bolt pretension process.The simulation and underground test results show that the device can effectively control torque within 480-510 N·m with fast response,high reliability and control accuracy of more than 90%.Temperature and angle have no influence on the measurement results.The torque multiplier's transmission efficiency and the friction factor of friction pad lead to the control result error of 6.2% and 10%respectively.The friction pad with smaller friction factor should be used and the torque multiplier should be maintained regularly.
In view of problems of complex structure,poor operability and low control precision of existing bolt pretension torque control device of coal mine,a mechanical bolt pretension torque closed-loop control device was designed.The device measures torque of gear ring by change of liquid pressure of the liquid-filled bellows and acts the pressure on slide valve.When the torque reaches control value,the slide valve can be action and makes the bolt pretension circuit cut off,so as to complete a bolt pretension process.The simulation and underground test results show that the device can effectively control torque within 480-510 N·m with fast response,high reliability and control accuracy of more than 90%.Temperature and angle have no influence on the measurement results.The torque multiplier's transmission efficiency and the friction factor of friction pad lead to the control result error of 6.2% and 10%respectively.The friction pad with smaller friction factor should be used and the torque multiplier should be maintained regularly.
引文
[1]康红普,王金华.煤巷锚杆支护理论与成套技术[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,2007.
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[10]万宏强,汪亮,刘扬,等.基于ANSYS的U型波纹管参数计算与分析[J].西安工业大学学报,2008,28(2):123-128.WAN Hongqiang,WANG Liang,LIU Yang,et al.Geometric parameter calculation of the U-shaped bellows based on ANSYS[J].Journal of Xi'an Technological University,2008,28(2):123-128.
[11]万宏强,汪亮.低温环境下波纹管的轴向刚度计算[J].机械强度,2009,31(5):787-790.WAN Hongqiang,WANG Liang.Finite element calculation to bellows'axial stiffness on cryogenic environment[J].Journal of Mechanical Strength,2009,31(5):787-790.
[12]刘昕晖,陈晋市.AMESim仿真技术在液压系统设计分析中的应用[J].液压与气动,2015(11):1-6.LIU Xinhui,CHEN Jinshi.Application of AMESim in the design and analysis of hydraulic system[J].Chinese Hydraulics&Pneumatics,2015(11):1-6.
[13]张宪宇,陈小虎,何庆飞,等.基于AMESim液压元件设计库的液压系统建模与仿真研究[J].机床与液压,2012,40(13):172-174.ZHANG Xianyu,CHEN Xiaohu,HE Qingfei,et al.Modeling and simulation research of hydraulic system based on hydraulic component design library of AMESim[J].Machine Tool&Hydraulics,2012,40(13):172-174.
[2]康红普.我国煤矿巷道锚杆支护技术发展60年及展望[J].中国矿业大学学报,2016,45(6):1071-1081.KANG Hongpu.Sixty years development and prospects of rock bolting technology for underground coal mine roadways in China[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2016,45(6):1071-1081.
[3]王颂华.锚杆索支护性能关键影响因素井下试验研究[J].能源与环保,2017,39(2):129-132.WANG Songhua.Experimental study on key influencing factors of bolt and cable supporting performance in coal mine[J].China Energy and Environmental Protection,2017,39(2):129-132.
[4]王强,吴拥政.煤矿井下锚杆预紧力控制研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2011,39(1):29-32.WANG Qiang,WU Yongzheng.Study on bolt pre-tension control in underground mine[J].Coal Science and Technology,2011,39(1):29-32.
[5]吴拥政.锚杆杆体的受力状态及支护作用研究[D].北京:煤炭科学研究总院,2009.
[6]王岩,储江伟.扭矩测量方法现状及发展趋势[J].林业机械与木工设备,2010,38(11):14-18.WANG Yan,CHU Jiangwei.Current status and development trend of torque measuring methods[J].Forestry Machinery&Woodworking Equipment,2010,38(11):14-18.
[7]胡德福.应变式扭矩传感器的设计技术[J].船舶工程,2011,33(4):96-99.HU Defu.Design of the strain torque sensor[J].Ship Engineering,2011,33(4):96-99.
[8]孟宗,刘彬.回转机械扭矩实时监测系统的研究[J].仪器仪表学报,2005,26(增刊1):38-39.MENG Zong,LIU Bin.Research on torque real time monitoring system of rotary machine[J].Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument,2005,26(S1):38-39.
[9]王登泉,杨明,叶林,等.非接触式旋转轴扭矩测量现状[J].电子测量技术,2010,33(6):8-12.WANG Dengquan,YANG Ming,YE Lin,et al.Study of non-contact torque measurement of rotating shaft[J].Electronic Measurement Technology,2010,33(6):8-12.
[10]万宏强,汪亮,刘扬,等.基于ANSYS的U型波纹管参数计算与分析[J].西安工业大学学报,2008,28(2):123-128.WAN Hongqiang,WANG Liang,LIU Yang,et al.Geometric parameter calculation of the U-shaped bellows based on ANSYS[J].Journal of Xi'an Technological University,2008,28(2):123-128.
[11]万宏强,汪亮.低温环境下波纹管的轴向刚度计算[J].机械强度,2009,31(5):787-790.WAN Hongqiang,WANG Liang.Finite element calculation to bellows'axial stiffness on cryogenic environment[J].Journal of Mechanical Strength,2009,31(5):787-790.
[12]刘昕晖,陈晋市.AMESim仿真技术在液压系统设计分析中的应用[J].液压与气动,2015(11):1-6.LIU Xinhui,CHEN Jinshi.Application of AMESim in the design and analysis of hydraulic system[J].Chinese Hydraulics&Pneumatics,2015(11):1-6.
[13]张宪宇,陈小虎,何庆飞,等.基于AMESim液压元件设计库的液压系统建模与仿真研究[J].机床与液压,2012,40(13):172-174.ZHANG Xianyu,CHEN Xiaohu,HE Qingfei,et al.Modeling and simulation research of hydraulic system based on hydraulic component design library of AMESim[J].Machine Tool&Hydraulics,2012,40(13):172-174.