混合弹流润滑修形斜齿轮齿面摩擦功率损耗
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摘要
针对斜齿轮修形设计中齿面摩擦功率损耗的问题,研究了斜齿轮齿廓修形、齿向修形和拓扑修形方法,基于齿轮接触分析和齿面承载接触分析提出了修形齿轮齿面摩擦功率损耗及混合弹流润滑条件下修形齿轮摩擦系数计算方法。对齿廓修形、齿向修形及拓扑修形斜齿轮修形参数与齿面摩擦功率损耗的关系进行了仿真,结果表明:对于齿廓修形,修形量对功率耗损影响较小,而且齿廓修形功率耗损波动较小,对传动有利;对于齿向四阶修形曲线,修形长度变化对功率损耗影响较大,而且齿向修形长度增大后功率耗损波动增大,对传动不利;与单纯齿向修形相比,修形长度较大时拓扑修形下功率损耗波动量减小,对传动有利。
Considering the problem of frictional power loss on the tooth surface of a modified helical gear,a strategy for profile,lead and topological modifications of helical gear is proposed.Following tooth contact analysis and loaded tooth contact analysis,the computing algorithms for frictional power loss as well as friction coefficient under the condition of mixed elastohydrodynamic lubrication are presented.For profile,lead or topological modification,the relations between modification parameters and frictional power loss on the tooth surface are simulated.The simulation shows that modification amplitude has little influence on power loss in the case of profile modification,and the fluctuation of power loss is slight,so gear transmission performance is good.As to 4-order curve of lead modification,the power loss is affected greatly by the change of modification length,the fluctuation of power loss is large and has an adverse impact on transmission after increasing modification length. Compared with single lead modification,topological modification reduces the fluctuation of power losses in large modification length,and it is helpful to improve gear transmission performance.
Considering the problem of frictional power loss on the tooth surface of a modified helical gear,a strategy for profile,lead and topological modifications of helical gear is proposed.Following tooth contact analysis and loaded tooth contact analysis,the computing algorithms for frictional power loss as well as friction coefficient under the condition of mixed elastohydrodynamic lubrication are presented.For profile,lead or topological modification,the relations between modification parameters and frictional power loss on the tooth surface are simulated.The simulation shows that modification amplitude has little influence on power loss in the case of profile modification,and the fluctuation of power loss is slight,so gear transmission performance is good.As to 4-order curve of lead modification,the power loss is affected greatly by the change of modification length,the fluctuation of power loss is large and has an adverse impact on transmission after increasing modification length. Compared with single lead modification,topological modification reduces the fluctuation of power losses in large modification length,and it is helpful to improve gear transmission performance.
引文
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[15]宋乐民.齿形与齿轮强度[M].北京:国防工业出版社,1987:109-110.
[2]方宗德.修形斜齿轮的轮齿接触分析[J].航空动力学报,1997,12(3):247-250.FANG Zongde.Tooth contact analysis of modified helical gears[J].Journal of Aerospace Power,1997,12(3):247-250.
[3]LITVIN F L,GONZALEZ-PEREZ I,FUENTES A,et al.Topology of modified surfaces of involute helical gears with line contact developed for improvement of bearing contact,reduction of transmission errors,and stress analysis[J].Mathematical and Computer Modelling,2005,42(9):1063-1078.
[4]VELEX P,BRUYE`RE J,GU X.An alternative approach to the definition of profile modifications in highcontact-ratio spur gears[J].Journal of Mechanical Design,2015,137(3):032602.
[5]ERITENEL T,PARKER R G.Nonlinear vibration of gears with tooth surface modifications[J].Journal of Vibration and Acoustics,2013,135:051005.
[6]方宗德.修形斜齿轮的承载接触分析[J].航空动力学报,1997,12(3):251-254.FANG Zongde.Loaded tooth contact analysis of modified helical gears[J].Journal of Aerospace Power,1997,12(3):251-254.
[7]蒋进科,方宗德,苏进展.宽斜齿轮多目标修形优化设计[J].西安交通大学学报,2014,48(8):91-97.JIANG Jinke,FANG Zongde,SU Jinzhan.Multiobjective optimal and modified design for wide helical gear[J].Journal of Xi’an Jiaotong University,2014,48(8):91-97.
[8]BAGLIONI S,CIANETTI F,LANDI L.Influence of the addendum modification on spur gear efficiency[J].Mechanism and Machine Theory,2012,49:216-233.
[9]DIEZ-IBARBIA A,FERNANDEZ-DEL-RINCON A,DE-JUAN A,et al.Frictional power losses on spur gears with tip reliefs:the friction coefficient role[J].Mechanism and Machine Theory,2018,121:15-27.
[10]CASTRO J,SEABRA J.Coefficient of friction in mixed film lubrication:gears versus twin-discs[J].Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers:Part J Journal of Engineering Tribology,2007,221(3):399411.
[11]CHONG W W F,DE LA CRUZ M.Elastoplastic contact of rough surfaces:a line contact model for boundary regime of lubrication[J].Mechanica,2014,49(5):1177-1191.
[12]GUPTA P K,CHENG H S,ZHU D,et al.Viscoelastic effects in MIL-L-7808-type lubricant:part 1Analytical formulation[J].Tribology Transactions,1992,35(2):269-274.
[13]LI S,KAHRAMAN A.Prediction of spur gear mechanical power losses using a transient elastohydrodynamic lubrication model[J].Tribology Transactions,2010,53(4):554-563.
[14]XU H.Development of a generalized mechanical efficiency prediction methodology for gear pairs[D].Columbus,OH,USA:The Ohio State University,2005:1-233.
[15]宋乐民.齿形与齿轮强度[M].北京:国防工业出版社,1987:109-110.