技术人工物的意向性分析
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摘要
人工物的意向有"被指"和"能指"两种状态。前者涉及人工物的意向源及其变现问题,即人工物是人类意向的凝结物,其意向主要源于设计者和使用者,是设计者和使用者使其由虚在走向实在,由非存在走向存在。人工物的"被指"状态决定人工物的意向具有外生性。而现代人工智能的介入,使人工物的意向具有了内生性。但内生意向以外生意向作为基础。后者涉及人工物的意向功能问题,即当人工物被变现以后,它也必然会以上手状态而指向人们日常生活的实践,从而进一步实现人改造自我、他我以及世界的目的。
Artificial objects have two states of intentionality: "being directed"and"directing to". The former involves the source of intention of artificial objects,that is,technical artifacts are the condensation of human intention. The intention mainly comes from designer and user. It is the designer and user that transfer intention to reality from a virtual one,and to existence from non-existence. Therefore,the intentionality of technical artifacts is exogenous.However,the intervention of modern artificial intelligence makes the intentionality of technical artifacts become endogenous. In addition,endogenous intention is based on the exogenous one. The latter involves the intentional function of artificial objects,that is,after the technical artifacts are created,they must be applied to practices of people's daily life with a ready state to further realize the purpose of improving ourselves,others and the world.
Artificial objects have two states of intentionality: "being directed"and"directing to". The former involves the source of intention of artificial objects,that is,technical artifacts are the condensation of human intention. The intention mainly comes from designer and user. It is the designer and user that transfer intention to reality from a virtual one,and to existence from non-existence. Therefore,the intentionality of technical artifacts is exogenous.However,the intervention of modern artificial intelligence makes the intentionality of technical artifacts become endogenous. In addition,endogenous intention is based on the exogenous one. The latter involves the intentional function of artificial objects,that is,after the technical artifacts are created,they must be applied to practices of people's daily life with a ready state to further realize the purpose of improving ourselves,others and the world.
引文
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[4]吴国林.论分析技术哲学的可能进路[J].中国社会科学,2016(10).
[5]Tripathi A K.Hermeneutics of technological culture[J].Ai&Society,2017,32(2):137-148.
[6]Deborah G.Johnson.Computer systems:Moral entities but not moral agents[J].Ethics and Information Technology,2006(8):195-204.
[7][法]斯蒂格勒.技术与时间:爱比米修斯的过失[M].裴程译.南京:译林出版社,2002.
[8][美]拉里·西克曼.杜威的实用主义技术[M].韩连庆译.北京:北京大学出版社,2010.
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[14]http://tech.163.com/17/0119/18/CB5OFDR300098GJ5.html.
[15]https://baike.baidu.com/item/Harmony/20419306?fr=aladdin.
[16]Verbeek P P.Ambient Intelligence and Persuasive Technology:The Blurring Boundaries Between Human and Technology[J].Nanoethics,2009,3(3):231-242.
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[19]海德格尔选集[M].孙周兴选编.上海:三联书店,1996.
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[21]技术哲学经典读本[M].吴国盛编.上海:上海交通大学出版社,2008.
[22]唐旭昌.大卫·哈维城市空间思想研究[M].北京:人民出版社,2014.