科学认知革新引起的技术范式转变与工业革命
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摘要
在人类认识世界和生产活动的实践中,科学认知、技术范式,工业革命是三个重要的概念。通过分析和理清这三个概念,从科学认知的发展过程视角出发,给技术范式以哲学解读,从而了解工业革命产生的源头。这三个重要概念之间具有相关性、因果性的关系。科学认知的革新,会引起技术范式转变和工业革命的发生,科学的实践活动以科学理论为指导,科学理论的确立来源于科学认知,而技术范式,工业革命则是科学认知的表征。
In the practice of scientific study and production activities,there are three important notions: scientific cognition,technological paradigm and industrial revolution. Through analysis of these notions,and from the perspective of scientific cognition,we interpret the technological paradigm in a philosophical thinking,and get to know the origin of the industrial revolution. Furthermore,we explain the dependence and causality among the three concepts,stating that the reform of scientific cognition produces the technological paradigm change and industrial revolution,that the scientific practice is guided by the scientific theory,which in turn is originated from the scientific cognition,and that the technological paradigm and industrial revolution represent the scientific cognition.
In the practice of scientific study and production activities,there are three important notions: scientific cognition,technological paradigm and industrial revolution. Through analysis of these notions,and from the perspective of scientific cognition,we interpret the technological paradigm in a philosophical thinking,and get to know the origin of the industrial revolution. Furthermore,we explain the dependence and causality among the three concepts,stating that the reform of scientific cognition produces the technological paradigm change and industrial revolution,that the scientific practice is guided by the scientific theory,which in turn is originated from the scientific cognition,and that the technological paradigm and industrial revolution represent the scientific cognition.
引文
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[2]李平,陈向.科学和推理的认知研究[M].南昌:江西人民出版社,2004.
[3]库恩.科学革命的结构[M].金吾伦,译.北京:北京大学出版社,2003:4.
[4]多西.技术进步与经济理论[M].钟学以,译.北京:经济科学出版社,1992:276.
[5]LAUDAN R.The nature of technological knowledge are models of scientific change relevant?[M].Boston:D Reidel Pub Co,1984:4.
[6]HEATON H.Industrial Revolution[M]∥HOPPIT J,WRIGLEY E A,eds.The Industrial Revolution in Britain:VolⅡ.London:Oxford,1994:185.
[7]奇波拉.欧洲经济史:第一卷[M].徐璇,译.北京:商务印刷馆,1988:ⅱ.
[8]HARTWELL R M.The causes of the Industrial Revolution in England[M].London:Methuen,1967:28.