九孔鲍选育群体生长规律的研究
|
摘要
为研究九孔鲍Haliotis diversicolor supertexta选育群体在工厂化养殖模式下的生长规律,从2016年5月12日—2017年6月中旬共进行一个养殖周期的养殖试验,即春季投苗(4月下旬—5月中旬),夏秋冬三季养成,翌年5月收获,采用模型拟合方法对九孔鲍群体的个体大小、生长速度和发育规律进行了研究。结果表明:在水温17.8～29.7℃、盐度30.0的养殖条件下,九孔鲍养成期壳长和体质量为幂函数关系,即W=0.1307L~(2.9138 ),壳长和体质量的生长过程遵循von Bertalanffy生长模型,复相关系数R~2>0.99,实测值和理论计算值比较接近;通过Beverton法推算生长模型中3个生长参数,得出壳长平均生长极限值为5.94 cm,体质量平均生长极限值为23.49 g;壳长生长方程为L_t=5.94(1-e~(-0.0063(t-18.7143))),体质量生长方程为W_t=23.49(1-e~(-0.0063(t-18.7143)))~(3 ),壳长生长速度方程为dL/dt=0.0374e~(-0.0063(t-18.7143)),体质量生长速度方程为dW/dt=0.4440e~(-0.0063(t-18.7143))(1-e~(-0.0063(t-18.7143)))~2;工厂化养殖九孔鲍的生长拐点年龄为193.1 d,在拐点年龄之前壳长生长速度较快,之后较慢,而体质量在拐点年龄之前生长速度较慢,之后较快。本研究结果可为九孔鲍的工厂化养殖生产和选择育种提供理论参考。
Juvenile variously colored abalone Haliotis diversicolor supertexta selectively bred with shell length of 0.8-1.2 cm were reared in a net cage disposed in a 600 cm×300 cm×140 cm cement tank at a density of 35-40 ind./net and then scattered at a density of 30-35 ind./net at shell length of 3-4 cm and of 20-30 cm ind./net at shell length of 4-5 cm in stereoscopic pattern at water temperature of 17.8-29.7 ℃ and a salinity of 30.0 from 12 May 2016 to mid-June 2017 to investigate the growth pattern of the variously colored abalone in an industrial farming by model fitting with regularly collected biological data. The results showed that the relationship between shell length(L) and body weight(W) of variously colored abalone was described by the power function: W=0.1307×L~(2.9138). The growth pattern of the shell length(L)and weight(W)was conformed to von Bertalanffy model, with squared multiple correlation coefficient R~2 of over 0.99, close to the measured value and the theoretical calculation value. Beverton method were used to calculate three growth parameters in growth model, with average growth limit value of 5.94 cm in shell length and 23.49 g in body weight. The growth equation of shell length was described by the power function as L_t=5.94(1-e~(-0.0063(t-18.7143))), and the growth equation of body weight was described as W_t=23.49(1-e~(-0.0063(t-18.7143)))~3. Growth rate equation of shell length was expressed as dL/dt=0.0374 e~(-0.0063(t-18.7143))and weight growth rate equation as dW/dt=0.4440 e~(-0.0063(t-18.7143))(1-e~(-0.0063(t-18.7143)))~2 with growth inflection age of 193.1 days. The shell length growth was found rapid before the growth inflection age, and then slow, while the body weight growth was slow before the inflection point, and then rapid. The findings provide theoretical reference with the industrial farming and selective breeding of variously colored abalone.
Juvenile variously colored abalone Haliotis diversicolor supertexta selectively bred with shell length of 0.8-1.2 cm were reared in a net cage disposed in a 600 cm×300 cm×140 cm cement tank at a density of 35-40 ind./net and then scattered at a density of 30-35 ind./net at shell length of 3-4 cm and of 20-30 cm ind./net at shell length of 4-5 cm in stereoscopic pattern at water temperature of 17.8-29.7 ℃ and a salinity of 30.0 from 12 May 2016 to mid-June 2017 to investigate the growth pattern of the variously colored abalone in an industrial farming by model fitting with regularly collected biological data. The results showed that the relationship between shell length(L) and body weight(W) of variously colored abalone was described by the power function: W=0.1307×L~(2.9138). The growth pattern of the shell length(L)and weight(W)was conformed to von Bertalanffy model, with squared multiple correlation coefficient R~2 of over 0.99, close to the measured value and the theoretical calculation value. Beverton method were used to calculate three growth parameters in growth model, with average growth limit value of 5.94 cm in shell length and 23.49 g in body weight. The growth equation of shell length was described by the power function as L_t=5.94(1-e~(-0.0063(t-18.7143))), and the growth equation of body weight was described as W_t=23.49(1-e~(-0.0063(t-18.7143)))~3. Growth rate equation of shell length was expressed as dL/dt=0.0374 e~(-0.0063(t-18.7143))and weight growth rate equation as dW/dt=0.4440 e~(-0.0063(t-18.7143))(1-e~(-0.0063(t-18.7143)))~2 with growth inflection age of 193.1 days. The shell length growth was found rapid before the growth inflection age, and then slow, while the body weight growth was slow before the inflection point, and then rapid. The findings provide theoretical reference with the industrial farming and selective breeding of variously colored abalone.
引文
[1] 苏天凤.杂色鲍与九孔鲍种质资源研究进展[J].南方水产,2006,2(2):64-67.
[2] 钟幼平,陈昌生,吴永沛,等.国内南方鲍鱼工厂化育苗和养殖技术[J].集美大学学报:自然科学版,1999,4(1):51-58.
[3] 陈全震,高爱根,杨俊毅,等.盘鲍陆上工厂化养殖试验[J].水产科技情报,2003,30(3):103-105.
[4] 刘志刚,王辉,符世伟.湛江北部湾养殖墨西哥湾扇贝的形态增长规律[J].水产学报,2007,31(5):675-681.
[5] 孔宁,李琪,丛日浩,等.长牡蛎F3代快速生长选育群体生长特性的研究[J].海洋科学,2015,39(3):7-11.
[6] 邱盛尧,吕振波,魏振华,等.美洲帘蛤的年龄与生长[J].水产学报,2006,30(3):429-432.
[7] 刘凯,景丽,陈永进,等.太湖麦穗鱼生长、死亡和利用状况评估[J].大连海洋大学学报,2016,31(4):368-373.
[8] 张明,李世英,孙功辉,等.九孔鲍人工育苗试验[J].水产科学,1999,18(2):15-17.
[9] 董茂礼.九孔鲍健康鲍苗生产的关键技术研究[D].厦门:集美大学,2008.
[10] 邵锦淑.鲍鱼水泥池立体养殖实验研究[J].福建水产,2008(1):27-29.
[11] 蒋湘,刘建勇,赖志服.九孔鲍养殖群体与野生群体杂交一代生长比较[J].广东海洋大学学报,2013,33(1):22-27.
[12] 陈上及,马继瑞.海洋数据处理分析方法及其应用[M].北京:海洋出版社,1991:63-66.
[13] 殷名称.鱼类生态学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1995:57-61.
[14] Caddy J F.Size-frequency analysis for crustacea:moult increment and frequency models for stock assessment[J].Kuuvoait Bull Mar Sci,1987(9):43-61.
[15] 刘颖,薛敏,任泽林,等.鱼类的生长模型及其在营养需求研究中的应用[J].饲料工业,2008,29(10):20-23.
[16] 杨晓平.相关系数在贝类生长研究中的应用[J].工科数学,1994(3):41-42.
[17] 蔡英亚,张英,魏若飞.贝类学概论(修订版)[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,1995:189-191.
[18] 邬思荣,刘志刚,王辉.湛江北部湾马氏珠母贝红壳色选育系生长模型研究[J].广东海洋大学学报,2011,31(3):16-24.
[2] 钟幼平,陈昌生,吴永沛,等.国内南方鲍鱼工厂化育苗和养殖技术[J].集美大学学报:自然科学版,1999,4(1):51-58.
[3] 陈全震,高爱根,杨俊毅,等.盘鲍陆上工厂化养殖试验[J].水产科技情报,2003,30(3):103-105.
[4] 刘志刚,王辉,符世伟.湛江北部湾养殖墨西哥湾扇贝的形态增长规律[J].水产学报,2007,31(5):675-681.
[5] 孔宁,李琪,丛日浩,等.长牡蛎F3代快速生长选育群体生长特性的研究[J].海洋科学,2015,39(3):7-11.
[6] 邱盛尧,吕振波,魏振华,等.美洲帘蛤的年龄与生长[J].水产学报,2006,30(3):429-432.
[7] 刘凯,景丽,陈永进,等.太湖麦穗鱼生长、死亡和利用状况评估[J].大连海洋大学学报,2016,31(4):368-373.
[8] 张明,李世英,孙功辉,等.九孔鲍人工育苗试验[J].水产科学,1999,18(2):15-17.
[9] 董茂礼.九孔鲍健康鲍苗生产的关键技术研究[D].厦门:集美大学,2008.
[10] 邵锦淑.鲍鱼水泥池立体养殖实验研究[J].福建水产,2008(1):27-29.
[11] 蒋湘,刘建勇,赖志服.九孔鲍养殖群体与野生群体杂交一代生长比较[J].广东海洋大学学报,2013,33(1):22-27.
[12] 陈上及,马继瑞.海洋数据处理分析方法及其应用[M].北京:海洋出版社,1991:63-66.
[13] 殷名称.鱼类生态学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1995:57-61.
[14] Caddy J F.Size-frequency analysis for crustacea:moult increment and frequency models for stock assessment[J].Kuuvoait Bull Mar Sci,1987(9):43-61.
[15] 刘颖,薛敏,任泽林,等.鱼类的生长模型及其在营养需求研究中的应用[J].饲料工业,2008,29(10):20-23.
[16] 杨晓平.相关系数在贝类生长研究中的应用[J].工科数学,1994(3):41-42.
[17] 蔡英亚,张英,魏若飞.贝类学概论(修订版)[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,1995:189-191.
[18] 邬思荣,刘志刚,王辉.湛江北部湾马氏珠母贝红壳色选育系生长模型研究[J].广东海洋大学学报,2011,31(3):16-24.