摘要
为解决池塘高密度养殖过程中的投饲机承载量小、投饲不均匀、投饲范围小、饲料利用率低等问题,提出一种基于气体输送原理的自动投饲机。根据其工作原理,对投饲机的供料系统、输送系统、抛料系统和控制系统进行了设计与分析,采用气力作为供料能源,管道作为输送机构,撒料盘作为抛料机构,西门子S7-200PLC作为系统控制单元。结果显示,该自动投饲机能同时满足6个池塘的投喂,并能单独控制,满足池塘的投饲需求;投饲距离达20 m,平均投饲速度400 kg/h,破碎率低于0.9%,基本满足设计要求。与传统池塘投饲机相比,该投饲机具有结构简单、操作方便,饲料不易破碎、饲料利用率高等特点,并可实现对投饲量精确调节与控制。
In order to solve the problems of traditional feeding machines in highly intensive aquaculture,such as small loading capacity,feeding unevenness,limited feeding range and low feed utilization rate,etc.,an automatic feeding machine was proposed based on the principle of gas transmission. According to the working principle,the following aspects were designed and analyzed including the feeder system,material conveying system,feed spreading system and the control system,respectively using pneumatic energy as the driving force,pipeline as the conveying mechanism,spreading plate as the feeding mechanism,and SIEMENS S7- 200 PLC as the control unit of the device. The experiment results showed that,the feeding system could simultaneously satisfy the feeding need of 6 ponds,and could control each pond individually to meet the different feeding demands; the feeding distance could reach 20 m,with an average feeding rate of 400 kg / h,and a broken rate of lower than 0. 9%. The system has basically me the design requirements. Compared with conventional feeing machines,this automatic feeding machine is simply structured,convenient in operation,causing few crushing,making high utilization of feed,and can realize the precise adjustment and control of feeding amount.
引文
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