陇南油橄榄主栽品种对干旱胁迫的生理响应及抗性综合评价
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摘要
对甘肃省陇南市主栽的6个油橄榄品种幼苗进行不同程度的干旱胁迫处理,探索油橄榄的渗透调节作用与抗氧化能力。结果表明:随干旱程度的加剧,叶片相对电导率逐渐升高,叶绿素含量呈不同程度降低,丙二醛含量呈先升后降的趋势。对比实验所选的6个品种可知,皮肖利、佛奥受害程度较重,而莱星和鄂植8号受害程度较轻,配多灵和阿斯受害程度居中。随干旱胁迫的加剧,油橄榄叶片渗透调节物质含量基本呈现升高趋势,其中可溶性糖含量总体呈不同程度的上升;脯氨酸含量基本呈先升后降的趋势;叶片可溶性蛋白质含量除佛奥和皮肖利有所下降外,其余品种均呈不同程度的升高趋势;莱星和鄂植8号叶片渗透调节物质含量增幅相对较高,皮肖利、佛奥渗透调节物质含量增幅相对较低。6个品种叶片抗氧化酶SOD、POD和CAT活性整体上均表现为随干旱胁迫加剧呈先升后降的变化趋势,莱星和鄂植8号抗氧化能力相对较强,而皮肖利、佛奥较差。采用隶属函数法进行综合分析,得出陇南6个油橄榄主栽品种抗旱能力大小排序为:莱星>鄂植8号>配多灵>阿斯>佛奥>皮肖利,可见莱星、鄂植8号抗旱性相对较强,配多灵居中,皮肖利和佛奥较差。
Wudu district of Longnan city, Gansu province is one of the best adaptive areas in China. Different levels of drought stress were imposed on 6 olive varieties seedlings which planted at Longnan, the osmotic adjustment and antioxidant ability were measured. The results indicated that, with the drought worsening, the leaf relative conductivity increased gradually, chlorophyll contents decreased with different degrees, while malondialdehyde(MDA) content increased first and then decreased. Picholine and Frantoio suffered more seriously, while Leccino and Ezhi8 suffered more lightly. The osmotic adjustment substances contents increased basically as drought worsened.The soluble sugar contents generally increased with different degrees, the proline contents increased first and then decreased, the soluble protein contents increased with different degrees except Picholine and Frantoio decreased.Leccino and Ezhi 8 relative increased more in osmotic adjustment substances, while Picholine and Frantoio increased less. The activities of antioxidant enzyme of the 6 olive varieties generally increased first and then decreased with the drought worsening. The antioxidant ability of Leccino and Ezhi 8 were stronger, while that of Picholine and Frantoio were lower. Through subordinate function analysis, the average degree of membership, as the comprehensive evaluation value of drought hardiness were obtained, which showed the sequence of drought resistance of the 6varieties was: Leccino ﹥ Ezhi 8 ﹥ Pendolino ﹥ Ascolano Tenera ﹥ Frantoio ﹥ Picholine. Leccino and Ezhi 8 showed the highest drought resistance, Pendolino in the middle, Frantoio and Picholine showed the lowest.
Wudu district of Longnan city, Gansu province is one of the best adaptive areas in China. Different levels of drought stress were imposed on 6 olive varieties seedlings which planted at Longnan, the osmotic adjustment and antioxidant ability were measured. The results indicated that, with the drought worsening, the leaf relative conductivity increased gradually, chlorophyll contents decreased with different degrees, while malondialdehyde(MDA) content increased first and then decreased. Picholine and Frantoio suffered more seriously, while Leccino and Ezhi8 suffered more lightly. The osmotic adjustment substances contents increased basically as drought worsened.The soluble sugar contents generally increased with different degrees, the proline contents increased first and then decreased, the soluble protein contents increased with different degrees except Picholine and Frantoio decreased.Leccino and Ezhi 8 relative increased more in osmotic adjustment substances, while Picholine and Frantoio increased less. The activities of antioxidant enzyme of the 6 olive varieties generally increased first and then decreased with the drought worsening. The antioxidant ability of Leccino and Ezhi 8 were stronger, while that of Picholine and Frantoio were lower. Through subordinate function analysis, the average degree of membership, as the comprehensive evaluation value of drought hardiness were obtained, which showed the sequence of drought resistance of the 6varieties was: Leccino ﹥ Ezhi 8 ﹥ Pendolino ﹥ Ascolano Tenera ﹥ Frantoio ﹥ Picholine. Leccino and Ezhi 8 showed the highest drought resistance, Pendolino in the middle, Frantoio and Picholine showed the lowest.
引文
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[19]李德全,邹琦,程炳嵩.土壤干旱下不同抗性小麦品种的渗透调节和渗透调节物质[J].植物生理学报,1992,18(1):37-44.
[20]王俊刚,陈国仓,张承烈.水分胁迫对2种生态型芦苇(Phragmites communis)的可溶性蛋白质含量、SOD、POD、CAT活性的影响[J].西北植物学报,2002,22(3):561-565.
[21]王海珍,徐雅丽,张翠丽.干旱胁迫对胡杨和灰胡杨幼苗渗透调节物质及抗氧化酶活性的影响[J].干旱区资源与环境,2015,29(12):125-130.
[22]朱军涛,李向义,张希明.4种荒漠植物的抗氧化系统和渗透调节的季节变化[J].中国沙漠,2011,31(6):1 468-1 471.
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[26]王凯红,凌家慧,张乐华.两种常绿杜鹃亚属幼苗耐热性的主成分及隶属函数分析[J].热带亚热带植物学报,2011,19(5):412-418.
[2]韩华柏,何方.我国油橄榄引种研究进展[J].中国南方果树,2007,36(3):37.
[3]刘高顺,张正武,杨建宏,等.陇南市油橄榄产业发展成就与展望[J].中国林业产业,2016(9):220-221.
[4]邓振镛,尹宪志,杨启国,等.白龙江沿岸油橄榄气候生态适应性研究[J].中国油料作物学报,2005,27(1):65-68.
[5]李自龙,徐雪风,焦健,等.不同品种油橄榄离体叶片对渗透胁迫的生理响应及其抗旱机制[J].西北植物学报,2014,34(9):1 808-1 814.
[6]李玲,李娘辉,蒋素梅.植物生理学模块实验指导[M].北京:科学出版社,2009:22-39.
[7]令凡,焦健,杨北胜.6个品种油橄榄幼苗抗寒性及其与抗寒指标的灰色关联度分析[J].四川农业大学学报,2016,34(2):168-172.
[8]令凡,焦健,李朝周.不同油橄榄品种对低温胁迫的生理响应及抗寒性综合评价[J].西北植物学报,2015,35(3):508-515.
[9]赵曼利,杜启兰,焦健.盐胁迫对不同品种油橄榄抗盐性生理指标的影响[J].福建农林大学学报(自然科学版),2016,45(1):20-25.
[10]闫秀峰,李晶,季元祖.干旱胁迫对红松幼苗保护酶活性及脂质过氧化作用的影响[J].生态学报,2008,36(4):1 343-1 346.
[11]王昌禄,毕韬韬,王玉荣.用隶属函数值法评价10个蓖麻品种抗旱性[J].河南农业科学,2009(11):44-47.
[12]魏永胜,梁宗锁,山仑.利用隶属函数值法评价苜蓿抗旱性[J].草业科学,2005,6(22):33-36.
[13]李贵全,张海燕,季兰.不同大豆品种抗旱性综合评价[J].应用生态学报,2006,17(12):2 408-2 412.
[14]杨建玉,刘克锋,王红利.一串红对水分胁迫的生理响应[J].北方园艺,2010(9):86-89.
[15]杨鹏辉,李贵全,郭丽.干旱胁迫对不同抗旱大豆品种花荚期质膜透性的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2003,21(3):127-130.
[16]吕庆,郑荣梁.干旱及活性氧引起小麦膜脂过氧化与脱脂化[J].中国科学,1996,26(1):26-30.
[17]海利力,库尔班,王蕾,等.持续干旱下天山野生杏幼苗渗透调节物质的累积特性[J].干旱区研究,2011,28(1):126-132.
[18]张述义,邵嘉鸣,李新凤.水分胁迫对小麦芽和根中脯氨酸含量及电导率的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2013,31(3):151-154.
[19]李德全,邹琦,程炳嵩.土壤干旱下不同抗性小麦品种的渗透调节和渗透调节物质[J].植物生理学报,1992,18(1):37-44.
[20]王俊刚,陈国仓,张承烈.水分胁迫对2种生态型芦苇(Phragmites communis)的可溶性蛋白质含量、SOD、POD、CAT活性的影响[J].西北植物学报,2002,22(3):561-565.
[21]王海珍,徐雅丽,张翠丽.干旱胁迫对胡杨和灰胡杨幼苗渗透调节物质及抗氧化酶活性的影响[J].干旱区资源与环境,2015,29(12):125-130.
[22]朱军涛,李向义,张希明.4种荒漠植物的抗氧化系统和渗透调节的季节变化[J].中国沙漠,2011,31(6):1 468-1 471.
[23]王移,卫伟,杨兴中.黄土丘陵沟壑区典型植物耐旱生理及抗旱性评价[J].生态与农村环境学报,2011,27(4):56-61.
[24]谭艳,彭尽晖.植物抗旱机理及抗旱性鉴定研究方法研究进展[J].广西农业科学,2010,41(5):423-426.
[25]付宝春,蒲伟.玉簪抗旱性隶属函数及主成分分析[J].草地学报,2014,22(6):1 325-1 330.
[26]王凯红,凌家慧,张乐华.两种常绿杜鹃亚属幼苗耐热性的主成分及隶属函数分析[J].热带亚热带植物学报,2011,19(5):412-418.