镉离子胁迫下半叶马尾藻中国变种生理生化响应的研究
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摘要
研究了不同浓度梯度Cd~(2+)对半叶马尾藻中国变种(Sargassum.hemiphyllum var.chinense)相对生长速率(RGR)及生理生化指标如丙二醛(MDA)、叶绿素a(Chl-a)、类胡萝卜素(Car)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)等的影响,探索半叶马尾藻中国变种对污染水体中Cd~(2+)的适应机理。结果表明,低浓度的Cd~(2+)能促进藻体的生长,但胁迫浓度为0.5 mg·L~(-1)的相对生长速率比0.05 mg·L~(-1)的高; MDA含量随着Cd~(2+)浓度的增加而升高,浓度越高的变化越明显;Chl-a和Car含量的影响呈波动状态;SOD、POD、CAT活性则呈现先升高后降低的趋势,相对于对照组,胁迫组所对应的SOD活性没有显著差异(P>0.05),而POD、CAT活性存在极显著差异(P<0.01)。可溶性糖类含量只有低浓度0.5 mg·L~(-1)与对照组存在显著差异(P<0.05),而可溶性蛋白在高浓度5.0mg·L~(-1)和10.0 mg·L~(-1)均与对照组存在显著差异(P<0.05)。因此,适当质量浓度的Cd~(2+)胁迫对半叶马尾藻中国变种生长和生理生化指标有正面效应,而过高质量浓度Cd~(2+)胁迫(≥5.0mg·L~(-1))对藻体生长和抗逆能力有一定的负面影响,研究结果可为选育优良海藻进行近岸海洋环境修复提供理论依据。
Effects on the physiological characteristics of Sargassum.hemiphyllum var. chinense under different concentrations of cadmium(Cd~(2+)) were studied under experimental conditions. Results showed that the relative growth rate(RGR) of S. hemiphyllum var. chinense was obviously increased at low Cd~(2+) concentration, but RGR at 0.5 mg L~(-1 )was higher than that at 0.05 mg L~(-1). Compared with 0.05 mg L~(-1) Cd~(2+), 0.5 mg L~(-1) Cd~(2+ )had more positive influence on RGR. With the increase of concentration, the content of malondialdehyde(MDA) increased correspondingly. The content of chlorophyll a(Chl-a) and carotenoids(Car) showed fluctuations under different conditions. The activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD), peroxidase(POD) and catalase(CAT) increased initially and then decreased with time. The activity of SOD had no significant difference with that of control(P>0.05) while that of POD and CAT showed significantly differences(P<0.01). Compared with control, soluble sugar was significantly different at 0.05 mg L~(-1 )(P<0.05) and soluble protein was significantly different at 5.0 mg L~(-1) and 10.0 mg L~(-1)(P<0.05). Therefore, appropriate concentrations of Cd~(2+) affect positively on the growth and physiological-biochemical indices of S. hemiphyllum var. chinense, and negatively on the growth and the ability of resilience when the concentration of Cd~(2+) was extremely high(≥5.0 mg·L~(-1)). These results provided the theoretical basis for the restoration of coastal marine environment.
Effects on the physiological characteristics of Sargassum.hemiphyllum var. chinense under different concentrations of cadmium(Cd~(2+)) were studied under experimental conditions. Results showed that the relative growth rate(RGR) of S. hemiphyllum var. chinense was obviously increased at low Cd~(2+) concentration, but RGR at 0.5 mg L~(-1 )was higher than that at 0.05 mg L~(-1). Compared with 0.05 mg L~(-1) Cd~(2+), 0.5 mg L~(-1) Cd~(2+ )had more positive influence on RGR. With the increase of concentration, the content of malondialdehyde(MDA) increased correspondingly. The content of chlorophyll a(Chl-a) and carotenoids(Car) showed fluctuations under different conditions. The activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD), peroxidase(POD) and catalase(CAT) increased initially and then decreased with time. The activity of SOD had no significant difference with that of control(P>0.05) while that of POD and CAT showed significantly differences(P<0.01). Compared with control, soluble sugar was significantly different at 0.05 mg L~(-1 )(P<0.05) and soluble protein was significantly different at 5.0 mg L~(-1) and 10.0 mg L~(-1)(P<0.05). Therefore, appropriate concentrations of Cd~(2+) affect positively on the growth and physiological-biochemical indices of S. hemiphyllum var. chinense, and negatively on the growth and the ability of resilience when the concentration of Cd~(2+) was extremely high(≥5.0 mg·L~(-1)). These results provided the theoretical basis for the restoration of coastal marine environment.
引文
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[17] 邵云,冯淑利,李春喜,等.Cd2+胁迫对小麦幼苗生理活性的影响[J].合肥:安徽农业科学,2006,34(5):836-838.
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[2] 于永强,张全胜,唐永政,等.马尾藻种群生活史性状时空变化的研究进展[J].大连:水产科学,2012,31(7):437-443.
[3] Sousa A P A,Torres M R,Pessoa C,et al,2007.In vivo growth-inhibition of Sarcoma 180 tumor by alginates from brown seaweed Sargassum vulgare [J].Carbohydrate Polymers,69(1):7-13.
[4] 葸玉琴,任春燕,朱巧巧,等.Cr3+胁迫对小球藻生理生化特性的影响[J].北京:生态毒理学报,2017,12(1):228-233.
[5] 李钦,魏凤琴,谢文,等.Cd2+、Cu2+对坛紫菜生化效应研究[J].厦门:厦门大学学报,2005,44(2):279-282.
[6] 蒋和平,郑青松,朱明,等.条浒苔和缘管浒苔对镉胁迫的生理响应比较[J].北京:生态学报,2011,31(16):4525-4533.
[7] 周文彬,邱保胜.藻类对重金属的耐性与解毒机理[J].南京:湖泊科学,2004,16(3):265-272.
[8] WELLBUR N A,1994.The spectral determination of chlorophylls a and b,as well as total carotenoids,using various solvents with spectrophotometers of different resolution [J].J Plant Physiol,144(3):307-313.
[9] KOEHERT G,YATES I,1974.Purification and Partial Characterization of a Glycoprotein Sexual Inducer from Volvox carter.Proc.Nat.Acad.Sci.USA,71(4):1211-1214.
[10] 朱喜锋.重金属汞、铜和镉对三种大型经济海藻毒性效应的研究[D].汕头:汕头大学,2010.
[11] 吴晓丽.狭叶香蒲吸收Cd2+的动力学特征及其对Cd2+胁迫的生理反应[D].南京:南京农业大学,2009.
[12] 刘素玲.铅对黄瓜幼苗生长发育的影响研究[D].湖南:湖南农业大学,2006.
[13] 邵世光,阎斌伦,李廷友,等.Cr6+ 、Pb2+、Cd2+、胁迫下条斑紫菜保护酶系统的响应[J].武汉:水生生态杂志,2009,2(4):94-97.
[14] 常海伟,任文杰,刘鸿雁,等.磺化石墨烯对小麦幼苗生长及生理生化指标的影响[J].北京:生态毒理学报,2015,10(4):123-128.
[15] Shi Q H,Bao Z Y,Zhu Z J,et al,2006.Effects of different treatmentsof salicylic acid on heat tolerance,chlorophyll fluorescence,andantioxidant enzyme activity inseedlings of Cucumis sativa L [J].Plant Growth Regulation,48(2):127-135.
[16] 周长芳,吴国荣,施国新,等.水花生抗氧化系统在抵御Cu2 + 胁迫中的作用[J].北京:植物学报,2001,43(4):389-394.
[17] 邵云,冯淑利,李春喜,等.Cd2+胁迫对小麦幼苗生理活性的影响[J].合肥:安徽农业科学,2006,34(5):836-838.
[18] 陈士辉,崔大练,马玉心,等.Cd2+对条浒苔部分生理生化指标的影响[J].浙江:浙江海洋学院学报,2010 ,29(2):179-182.