枯草芽孢杆菌发酵上清液对玉米植株生长和养分吸收的影响
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摘要
采用盆栽试验研究枯草芽孢杆菌发酵上清液冲施对玉米植株生长和养分吸收的影响。结果表明,不同用量上清液冲施均能明显地促进玉米生长,增加干物质累积量,促进植株对氮、磷、钾的吸收和利用。其中30 000 L/hm~2冲施处理表现最好,与对照相比,可使玉米株高增加10.9%,茎粗增加10.0%,叶绿素SPAD值增加29.2%,地上部干重增加27.4%,根系干重增加51.1%,玉米地上部氮、磷、钾含量增加15.1%、25.1%、32.9%;根系氮、磷、钾含量增加30.6%、38.4%和22.1%。由此可见,枯草芽孢杆菌发酵上清液在作物生长期内可以作为一种肥料进行冲施,既能促进作物生长,又能实现资源的再利用。
A potted trial was carried out to study the effects of rushing liquid supernatant in the fermentation of Bacillus subtilis on growth and nutrients uptake of maize. Results showed that rushing different dosages of liquid supernatant all could obviously promote the growth character,increase dry weight accumulation,promote the absorption and utilization of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Among them,rushing by 30 000 L/hm~2 showed the most significant promotion effects. This treatment enhanced the plant height by 10.9%,stem diameter by 10.0%,chlorophyll SPAD value by 29.2%,aboveground dry weight by 27.4%,the root dry weight by 51.1%,the content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium by 15.1%, 25.1% and 32.9% of aboveground;and the content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium by 30.6%,38.4% and 22.1% of root, respectively compared with control treatment.So this research showed that the liquid supernatant in the fermentation of Bacillus subtilis could be used as a fertilizer in the growing period of crops. It could not only promote the growth of crops, but also realize the reuse of resources.
A potted trial was carried out to study the effects of rushing liquid supernatant in the fermentation of Bacillus subtilis on growth and nutrients uptake of maize. Results showed that rushing different dosages of liquid supernatant all could obviously promote the growth character,increase dry weight accumulation,promote the absorption and utilization of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Among them,rushing by 30 000 L/hm~2 showed the most significant promotion effects. This treatment enhanced the plant height by 10.9%,stem diameter by 10.0%,chlorophyll SPAD value by 29.2%,aboveground dry weight by 27.4%,the root dry weight by 51.1%,the content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium by 15.1%, 25.1% and 32.9% of aboveground;and the content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium by 30.6%,38.4% and 22.1% of root, respectively compared with control treatment.So this research showed that the liquid supernatant in the fermentation of Bacillus subtilis could be used as a fertilizer in the growing period of crops. It could not only promote the growth of crops, but also realize the reuse of resources.
引文
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[14] 张旭丽,李洪.玉米根系与环境条件的关系[J].山西农业科学,2010,38(7):120-122,126.
[15] 辛中尧.枯草芽孢杆菌B1、B2抗菌活性物质研究及其防病促生田间试验[D].兰州:甘肃农业大学,2005.
[16] HUSSAIN S,MIRZA M S,MALIK K A.Production of phytohormones by the nitrogen fixation bacteria isloated from sugarcan [J].Biohorizons,1999,2(1/2/3/4):61-70.
[17] RASUL G,MIRZ M S,LATIF F,et al.Identification of plant growth hormones produced by bacterial isolates from rice,wheat and kallar grass[M]//MALIK K A,MIRZA M S,LADHA J K.Nitrogen fixation with non-legumes:Proceedings of the 7th international symposium on nitrogen fixatim with non-legumes.The Netherlands:Kluwer Publishers,1996:25-37.
[18] 刘世亮,刘增俊,杨秋云,等.外源糖调节不同碳氮比对烤烟生理生化特性及化学成分的影响[J].华北农学报,2007,22(6):161-164.
[2] 董慧,徐兴.枯草芽孢杆菌的生防作用机制[J].农家之友,2008(8):29-31.
[3] 张中鸽,彭于发,陈善铭.小麦全蚀病的发生现状及防治措施探讨[J].植物保护,1991(1):19-20.
[4] 中国科学技术协会学会工作部.高技术新技术农业应用研究[C].北京:中国农业技术出版社,1991:984-987.
[5] TANG W H.Advances in biological control of plant diseases[C]//Proceeding of the international workshop on biological control of plant diseases.Beijing:China Agricultual University Press,1996.
[6] 崔云龙,岡部宗一,浅野昌司.苏云金芽孢杆菌液体培养物上清液中杀虫活性物质的研究[J].微生物学报,1993,33(1):62-68.
[7] 夏彦飞,郑伟,苏盼盼,等.枯草芽孢杆菌OKB105菌株不同培养基发酵上清液的杀线活性[J].江苏农业科学,2014,42(12):144-147.
[8] 段海明,余利,梁海申,等.解淀粉芽孢杆菌gfj-4发酵上清液和化学杀菌剂混配抑制葡萄白腐病菌的室内筛选[J].西北农业学报,2018,27(8):1216-1224.
[9] 魏林,梁志怀,曾粮斌,等.哈茨木霉T2-16代谢产物诱导豇豆幼苗抗枯萎病研究[J].湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版),2004,30(5):443-445.
[10] UDDLING J,GELANG-ALFREDSSON J,PIIKKI K,et al.Evaluating the relationship between leaf chlorophyll concentration and SPAD-502 chlorophyll meter readings[J].Photosynthersis research,2007,91(1):37-46.
[11] 鲍士旦.土壤农化分析[M].3版.北京:中国农业出版社,2000.
[12] 苏云松,郭华春,陈伊里.马铃薯叶片 SPAD 值与叶绿素含量及产量的相关性研究[J].西南农业学报,2007,20(4):690-693.
[13] 陈国平.玉米的干物质生产与分配(综述)[J].玉米科学,1994,2(1):48-53.
[14] 张旭丽,李洪.玉米根系与环境条件的关系[J].山西农业科学,2010,38(7):120-122,126.
[15] 辛中尧.枯草芽孢杆菌B1、B2抗菌活性物质研究及其防病促生田间试验[D].兰州:甘肃农业大学,2005.
[16] HUSSAIN S,MIRZA M S,MALIK K A.Production of phytohormones by the nitrogen fixation bacteria isloated from sugarcan [J].Biohorizons,1999,2(1/2/3/4):61-70.
[17] RASUL G,MIRZ M S,LATIF F,et al.Identification of plant growth hormones produced by bacterial isolates from rice,wheat and kallar grass[M]//MALIK K A,MIRZA M S,LADHA J K.Nitrogen fixation with non-legumes:Proceedings of the 7th international symposium on nitrogen fixatim with non-legumes.The Netherlands:Kluwer Publishers,1996:25-37.
[18] 刘世亮,刘增俊,杨秋云,等.外源糖调节不同碳氮比对烤烟生理生化特性及化学成分的影响[J].华北农学报,2007,22(6):161-164.