摘要
目的:为研发更优的用于肿瘤治疗的线粒体靶向制剂提供参考。方法:以"线粒体靶向""抗肿瘤""亲脂性阳离子""线粒体靶向信号肽""己糖激酶""Mitochondrial targeting""Antitumor""Lipophilic cation""Mitochondrial targeting signal peptide""Hexokinase"等为关键词,组合查询2002年1月-2018年7月在中国知网、万方数据、维普网、PubMed、Elsevier、SpringerLink等数据库中发表的相关文献,从亲脂性阳离子、线粒体靶向信号肽和己糖激酶等3个方面,对线粒体靶向抗肿瘤制剂进行论述。结果与结论:共检索到相关文献132篇,其中有效文献38篇。对药物表面进行修饰,可以获得主动靶向线粒体的抗肿瘤制剂。现有的靶向修饰载体有亲脂性阳离子、线粒体靶向信号肽和己糖激酶等。其中,亲脂性阳离子主要分为三苯基膦(TPP)和地喹氯铵囊泡状聚合体(DQAsomes),TPP可凭借其特殊的化学结构穿过脂质双分子层,DQAsomes具备穿透脂质双分子层然后聚集到线粒体的特性。线粒体靶向信号肽利用其转运功能实现线粒体靶向。己糖激酶与线粒体的结合体能促进肿瘤细胞生长,因此阻碍己糖激酶与线粒体的结合可以作为肿瘤治疗的另一研究热点。未来研究方向,应利用靶向肿瘤细胞线粒体这一特性,寻找或开发出更优的用于肿瘤治疗的线粒体靶向制剂,以进一步提高肿瘤的治疗效果。
引文
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