种植密度对甘蓝型油菜品种角果抗裂性及光合速率的影响
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摘要
为进一步探究种植密度对油菜光合作用和角果抗裂角能力的影响,本研究挑选3个甘蓝型油菜品种,在3个密度(45万hm-2、60万hm-2和75万hm-2)梯度下直播种植。收获后采用随机碰撞法对角果抗裂角指数进行测定,对其植株性状及角果性状进行调查统计,利用LI-6400XT光合测定仪测定油菜盛花期叶片及结实中期角果的光合速率。结果表明,种植密度与油菜品种的角果抗裂角指数、植株性状及角果性状均显著相关,并显著影响盛花期叶片和结实中期角果净光合速率。进一步增加油菜种植密度后,杂油158的抗裂角指数、果皮厚度显著增加,而予10和秦油7号的抗裂角指数、果皮厚度反而显著降低。说明不同甘蓝型油菜品种在各自适宜种植密度下,具有更好的抗裂角能力。
To study the effect of planting density on photosynthesis and pod shatter resistance of Brassica napus,three cultivars of Brassica napus were planted at three levels of planting density,including 450,600 and 750kilo-plants per hectare.The photosynthetic efficiency was measured with LI-6400 photosyntometer on leaves at full-bloom stage and pods at mid-podding stage,and pod shatter resistance was detected by the random collision method after harvesting.Plant traits and pods characteristics were also investigated.The results indicated that planting density had significant effects on pod shatter resistance,plant traits,pods characteristics and photosynthetic efficiency of leaves and pods.At higher planting density,pod shatter resistance significantly increased for Zayou 158,and significantly decreased for Yu 10 and Qinyou 7.The results indicated that different Brassica napus cultivars had their own suitable density which would generate better pod shatter resistance.
To study the effect of planting density on photosynthesis and pod shatter resistance of Brassica napus,three cultivars of Brassica napus were planted at three levels of planting density,including 450,600 and 750kilo-plants per hectare.The photosynthetic efficiency was measured with LI-6400 photosyntometer on leaves at full-bloom stage and pods at mid-podding stage,and pod shatter resistance was detected by the random collision method after harvesting.Plant traits and pods characteristics were also investigated.The results indicated that planting density had significant effects on pod shatter resistance,plant traits,pods characteristics and photosynthetic efficiency of leaves and pods.At higher planting density,pod shatter resistance significantly increased for Zayou 158,and significantly decreased for Yu 10 and Qinyou 7.The results indicated that different Brassica napus cultivars had their own suitable density which would generate better pod shatter resistance.
引文
[1]WANG Hanzhong(王汉中).Review and future development of rapeseed industry in China[J].Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Science(中国油料作物学报),2010,32(2):300-302(in Chinese with English abstract).
[2]PU Huiming(浦惠明),LONG Weihua(龙卫华),GAO Jianqin(高建芹),et al.Silique shatter resistance and correlation analysis in Brassica napus[J]Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Science(中国油料作物学报),2013,35(5):469-475(in Chinese with English abstract).
[3]DONG Xiaofang(董晓芳),TIAN Baoming(田保明),YAO Yongfang(姚永芳),et al.Effects of the density on the characteristics of the mechanization harvest in Brassica napus L.[J].Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin(中国农学通报),2012,28(3):71-74(in Chinese with English abstract).
[4]MENG Qian(孟倩),DONG Jungang(董军刚),HUANG Weinan(黄伟男)et al.Effects of planting density and sowing date on the shatter resistance of Brassica napus pods[J].Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica(西北农业学报),2013,22(11):37-41(in Chinese with English abstract).
[5]MA Ni(马霓),LI Yunchang(李云昌),HU Qiong(胡琼),et al.Research of agronomic techniques for mechanical production of winter rape(Brassica napus L.)in south China[J].Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Science(中国油料作物学报),2010,32(3):451-456(in Chinese with English abstract).
[6]LI Aimin(李爱民),ZHANG Yongtai(张永泰),HUI Feihu(惠飞虎),et al.Certain concepts concerning rapeseed(Brassica napus L.)varieties which suit to whole process mechanization operation[J].Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin(中国农学通报),2005,21(11):151-153(in Chinese with English abstract).
[7]Kadkol G P,Macmillan R H,et al.Evaluation of Brassica genotypes for resistance to shatter:I.Development of a laboratory test[J].Euphytica,1984,33:63-73.
[8]Price J S,Hobson R N,Neale M A,Bruce D M.Seed losses on commercial harvesting of oilseed rape.Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research,1996,65:183-191.
[9]WEN Yancheng(文雁成),FU Tingdong(傅廷栋),TU Jinxing(涂金星),et al.Screening and analysis of resistance to silique shattering in rape(Brassica napus L.)[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica(作物学报),2008,34(1):163-166(in Chinese with English abstract).
[10]WEN Yancheng(文雁成),FU Tingdong(傅廷栋),TU Jinxing(涂金星),et al.Factors analysis of silique shatter resistance in rapeseed(Brassica napus L.)[J].Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Science(中国油料作物学报),2010,32(1):25-29(in Chinese with English abstract).
[11]TANG Guixiang(唐桂香),QIN Yebo(秦叶波),SONG Wenjian(宋文坚)et al.Mechanism to control fruit development and disperse in Arabidopsis and the application for rapeseed(Brassica napus L.)[J].Chinese Journal of Cell Biology(细胞生物学杂志),2007,29(6):864-868(in Chinese with English abstract).
[12]Paul J,Menkin.Anatomical and Biochemical Changes Associated with the Induction of Oilseed Rape(Brassica napus)Pod Dehiscence by Dasineura brassicae(Winn.)[J].Annals of Botany,1991,67:193-197.
[13]Hossain S,Kadkol G P,Raman R,et al.Breeding Brassica napus for shatter resistance[M].Plant Breeding,Intech,2011:314-332.
[14]WANG Ting(王婷),JI Shuyi(暨淑仪),WU Hong(吴鸿).Effect of Structural Differentiation of Fruit Dehiscence Zone on Pod Dehiscence in Oilseed Rape[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica(作物学报),2012,38(3):563-569(in Chinese with English abstract).
[15]QIN Yebo(秦叶波).Studies on the physiological and biocghemical characteristics during pod-development and gene clone which related with pod-development in oilseed rape(Brassica napus L.)[D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University(浙江大学),2008(in Chinese with English abstract).
[16]Morgan C L,Bruce D M,Child R D,et al.Genetic variation for pod shatter resistance among lines of oilseed rape developed from synthetic B.napus[J].Field Crops Research,1998,58:153-165.
[2]PU Huiming(浦惠明),LONG Weihua(龙卫华),GAO Jianqin(高建芹),et al.Silique shatter resistance and correlation analysis in Brassica napus[J]Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Science(中国油料作物学报),2013,35(5):469-475(in Chinese with English abstract).
[3]DONG Xiaofang(董晓芳),TIAN Baoming(田保明),YAO Yongfang(姚永芳),et al.Effects of the density on the characteristics of the mechanization harvest in Brassica napus L.[J].Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin(中国农学通报),2012,28(3):71-74(in Chinese with English abstract).
[4]MENG Qian(孟倩),DONG Jungang(董军刚),HUANG Weinan(黄伟男)et al.Effects of planting density and sowing date on the shatter resistance of Brassica napus pods[J].Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica(西北农业学报),2013,22(11):37-41(in Chinese with English abstract).
[5]MA Ni(马霓),LI Yunchang(李云昌),HU Qiong(胡琼),et al.Research of agronomic techniques for mechanical production of winter rape(Brassica napus L.)in south China[J].Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Science(中国油料作物学报),2010,32(3):451-456(in Chinese with English abstract).
[6]LI Aimin(李爱民),ZHANG Yongtai(张永泰),HUI Feihu(惠飞虎),et al.Certain concepts concerning rapeseed(Brassica napus L.)varieties which suit to whole process mechanization operation[J].Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin(中国农学通报),2005,21(11):151-153(in Chinese with English abstract).
[7]Kadkol G P,Macmillan R H,et al.Evaluation of Brassica genotypes for resistance to shatter:I.Development of a laboratory test[J].Euphytica,1984,33:63-73.
[8]Price J S,Hobson R N,Neale M A,Bruce D M.Seed losses on commercial harvesting of oilseed rape.Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research,1996,65:183-191.
[9]WEN Yancheng(文雁成),FU Tingdong(傅廷栋),TU Jinxing(涂金星),et al.Screening and analysis of resistance to silique shattering in rape(Brassica napus L.)[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica(作物学报),2008,34(1):163-166(in Chinese with English abstract).
[10]WEN Yancheng(文雁成),FU Tingdong(傅廷栋),TU Jinxing(涂金星),et al.Factors analysis of silique shatter resistance in rapeseed(Brassica napus L.)[J].Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Science(中国油料作物学报),2010,32(1):25-29(in Chinese with English abstract).
[11]TANG Guixiang(唐桂香),QIN Yebo(秦叶波),SONG Wenjian(宋文坚)et al.Mechanism to control fruit development and disperse in Arabidopsis and the application for rapeseed(Brassica napus L.)[J].Chinese Journal of Cell Biology(细胞生物学杂志),2007,29(6):864-868(in Chinese with English abstract).
[12]Paul J,Menkin.Anatomical and Biochemical Changes Associated with the Induction of Oilseed Rape(Brassica napus)Pod Dehiscence by Dasineura brassicae(Winn.)[J].Annals of Botany,1991,67:193-197.
[13]Hossain S,Kadkol G P,Raman R,et al.Breeding Brassica napus for shatter resistance[M].Plant Breeding,Intech,2011:314-332.
[14]WANG Ting(王婷),JI Shuyi(暨淑仪),WU Hong(吴鸿).Effect of Structural Differentiation of Fruit Dehiscence Zone on Pod Dehiscence in Oilseed Rape[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica(作物学报),2012,38(3):563-569(in Chinese with English abstract).
[15]QIN Yebo(秦叶波).Studies on the physiological and biocghemical characteristics during pod-development and gene clone which related with pod-development in oilseed rape(Brassica napus L.)[D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University(浙江大学),2008(in Chinese with English abstract).
[16]Morgan C L,Bruce D M,Child R D,et al.Genetic variation for pod shatter resistance among lines of oilseed rape developed from synthetic B.napus[J].Field Crops Research,1998,58:153-165.