凡纳滨对虾商业苗种抗WSSV性能比较
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摘要
白斑综合征病毒(WSSV)一直是甲壳类生物的高致病性病原。为了解市场上不同凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)商业苗种病原携带情况及其抗WSSV性能,本研究收集了6个品牌的凡纳滨对虾商业苗种(分别简称为海南Z、海南S、广州P、广州Z、黄骅R和东营M),先进行包括WSSV在内的8种病原的检测,然后,采用单尾定量口饲感染方式进行抗WSSV性能测试,并比较各组苗种感染WSSV后的平均存活时间、存活率以及累积死亡率的差异。结果显示,6个商业苗种都不携带WSSV,部分苗种检测有潜在虾肝肠胞虫(EHP)和偷死野田村病毒(CMNV)。各苗种感染WSSV后,平均存活时间从长到短依次为海南Z、广州P、黄骅R、海南S、广州Z、东营M。东营M感染WSSV后第4天达到死亡高峰,而海南Z在第6~7天到达死亡高峰,比东营M晚了2~3d。感染实验结束后,海南Z和广州P存活率最高,同为72.5%,而东营M和黄骅R的存活率最低。本研究表明,海南Z和广州P抗WSSV性能最强,研究结果可为凡纳滨对虾抗病新品种的选育提供基础数据。
The white spot syndrome virus(WSSV) is a highly virulent pathogen in crustaceans. The purpose of this study was to compare the WSSV-resistant traits of Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannmei from different commercial brands. After detecting the infection status of eight different pathogens, including WSSV, infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis virus(IHHNV), taura syndrome virus(TSV), acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease causing-Vibrio parahaemolyticus(VPAHPND), Yellow head virus(YHV), infectious myonecrosis virus(IMNV), Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei(EHP), and covert mortality nodavirus(CMNV), a quantitative feeding method to conduct a WSSV infection experiment on six commercial brands of juvenile L. vannamei(named Hainan Z, Hainan S, Guangzhou P, Guangzhou Z, Huanghua R, and Dongying M in the present study). The WSSV-resistant traits of each commercial brand were evaluated using the average survival time, survival rate, and cumulative mortality after infection. The results showed that no WSSV was found in shrimp of the six commercial brands, whereas some individuals were positive for EHP and CMNV. The average survival time for Hainan Z, Hainan S, Guangzhou P, Guangzhou Z, Huanghua R, and Dongying M was(150.18±25.92) h,(99.51±28.04) h,(122.32±43.59) h,(93.50±34.77) h,(100.99±26.84) h, and(71.70±23.79) h, respectively. The average survival time of Hainan Z was significantly higher than that of the other five brands. The average survival time of Guangzhou P was lower than that of Hainan Z, and was significantly higher than that of Dongying M, Guangzhou Z, Hainan S, and Huang Hua R. Dongying M had a significantly lower survival time than that of the other five brands. There was no significant difference between Guangzhou Z, Hainan S, and Huanghua R(P>0.05). The mortality peak for Hainan Z started on the 6th day and continued to the 7th day; whereas that of Dongying M was on the 4th day. The mortality peak for Hainan Z was 2 to 3 d later than that of Dongying M. At the end of the infection experiment, the survival rate of Hainan Z and Guangzhou P was the highest and was 72.5%. The survival rates for Dongying M and Huanghua R were the lowest, at 39.6% and 38.7%, respectively. The results suggested that Hainan Z and Guangzhou P have the strongest resistance against WSSV. The results could provide basic data for the selective breeding of L. vannamei.
The white spot syndrome virus(WSSV) is a highly virulent pathogen in crustaceans. The purpose of this study was to compare the WSSV-resistant traits of Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannmei from different commercial brands. After detecting the infection status of eight different pathogens, including WSSV, infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis virus(IHHNV), taura syndrome virus(TSV), acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease causing-Vibrio parahaemolyticus(VPAHPND), Yellow head virus(YHV), infectious myonecrosis virus(IMNV), Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei(EHP), and covert mortality nodavirus(CMNV), a quantitative feeding method to conduct a WSSV infection experiment on six commercial brands of juvenile L. vannamei(named Hainan Z, Hainan S, Guangzhou P, Guangzhou Z, Huanghua R, and Dongying M in the present study). The WSSV-resistant traits of each commercial brand were evaluated using the average survival time, survival rate, and cumulative mortality after infection. The results showed that no WSSV was found in shrimp of the six commercial brands, whereas some individuals were positive for EHP and CMNV. The average survival time for Hainan Z, Hainan S, Guangzhou P, Guangzhou Z, Huanghua R, and Dongying M was(150.18±25.92) h,(99.51±28.04) h,(122.32±43.59) h,(93.50±34.77) h,(100.99±26.84) h, and(71.70±23.79) h, respectively. The average survival time of Hainan Z was significantly higher than that of the other five brands. The average survival time of Guangzhou P was lower than that of Hainan Z, and was significantly higher than that of Dongying M, Guangzhou Z, Hainan S, and Huang Hua R. Dongying M had a significantly lower survival time than that of the other five brands. There was no significant difference between Guangzhou Z, Hainan S, and Huanghua R(P>0.05). The mortality peak for Hainan Z started on the 6th day and continued to the 7th day; whereas that of Dongying M was on the 4th day. The mortality peak for Hainan Z was 2 to 3 d later than that of Dongying M. At the end of the infection experiment, the survival rate of Hainan Z and Guangzhou P was the highest and was 72.5%. The survival rates for Dongying M and Huanghua R were the lowest, at 39.6% and 38.7%, respectively. The results suggested that Hainan Z and Guangzhou P have the strongest resistance against WSSV. The results could provide basic data for the selective breeding of L. vannamei.
引文
Bureau of Fisheries and Fisheries Law Enforcement,Ministry of Agriculture.China fishery statistical yearbook 2017.Beijing:China Agriculture Press,2017[农业部渔业渔政管理局.2017年中国渔业统计年鉴.北京:中国农业出版社,2017]
Chai Z,Luan S,Luo K,et al.Correlation analysis of fillet yield with phenotypic traits for families from conservation population of Litopenaeus vannamei.Progress in Fishery Sciences,2015,36(6):63?70[柴展,栾生,罗坤,等.基于家系水平的凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)保种群体出肉率与表型性状的相关性分析.渔业科学进展,2015,36(6):63?70]
Dai JY,Li WT,Yang F.Studies on the invasion routes of white spot syndrome virus(WSSV)into shrimp and virus titer.Journal of Applied Oceanography,2013,32(1):67?72[戴俊逸,李文婷,杨丰.白斑综合症病毒(WSSV)感染对虾的途径及滴度研究.应用海洋学学报,2013,32(1):67?72]
Deng T,Huang TS,Zhang ZD.Current situation and countermeasure of Penaeus vannamei seed industry in China.China Fisheries,2013(12):22?25[邓涛,黄太寿,张振东.我国南美白对虾种业发展现状及对策建议.中国水产,2013(12):22?25]
Feng YP,Kong J,Luo K,et al.The comparison of the sensitivity to the white spot syndrome virus between Fenneropenaeus chinensis and Litopenaeus vannamei.Progress in Fishery Sciences,2017,38(6):78?84[冯亚萍,孔杰,罗坤,等.中国对虾(Fenneropenaeus chinensis)和凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)对白斑综合征病毒的敏感性比较.渔业科学进展,2017,38(6):78?84]
Hasson KW,Fan Y,Reisinger T,et al.White spot syndrome virus(WSSV)introduction into the Gulf of Mexico and Texas freshwater systems through imported,frozen bait-shrimp.Diseases of Aquatic Organisms,2006,71(2):91?100
He PM,Guo YY,Jia XH,et al.Research advance of immunology prevention of shrimp white spot syndrome virus.Marine and Fisheries,2016,38(4):437?448[何培民,郭媛媛,贾晓会,等.对虾白斑综合症病毒免疫防治研究进展.海洋渔业,2016,38(4):437?448]
Huang YC,Ai HS,Pan ZC,et al.Establishment and WSSVresistant characteristics of selective breeding families for resistance to the white spot syndrome virus of Litopenaeus vannamei.Journal of Fisheries of China,2013,37(3):359?366[黄永春,艾华水,潘忠诚,等.凡纳滨对虾抗WSSV选育家系的建立及其抗病特性.水产学报,2013,37(3):359?366]
Huang ZJ,Chen YG,Wong SP,et al.Multiple bacteria species were involved in hepatopancreas necrosis syndrome(HPNS)of Litopenaeus vannamei.Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Sunyatseni,2016,55(1):1?11[黄志坚,陈勇贵,翁少萍,等.多种细菌与凡纳滨对虾肝胰腺坏死症(HPNS)爆发有关.中山大学学报(自然科学版),2016,55(1):1?11]
Jaroenlak P,Sanguanrut P,Williams BAP,et al.A nested PCRassay to avoid false positive detection of the microsporidian Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei(EHP)in environmental samples in shrimp farms.PLo S One,2016,11(11):e0166320
Kong J,Luo K,Luan S,et al.The new variety of Fenneropenaeus chinensis“Huanghai No.2”.Journal of Fisheries of China,2012,36(12):1854?1862[孔杰,罗坤,栾生,等.中国对虾新品种“黄海2号”的培育.水产学报,2012,36(12):1854?1862]
Li WJ,Luan S,Luo K,et al.Genetic parameters and genotype by environment interaction for cold tolerance,body weight and survival of the Pacific white shrimp Penaeus vannamei at different temperatures.Aquaculture,2015,441:8?15
Liu F,Zhang BC,Zhang XH,et al.Multiplex PCR assay for simultaneous detection of six viruses in shrimp.Progress in Fishery Sciences,2014,35(1):60?67[刘飞,张宝存,张晓华,等.对虾6种病毒多重PCR检测方法的建立.渔业科学进展,2014,35(1):60?67]
Liu P,Kong J,Meng XH,et al.Investigation of the transmission route during the artificial culture of shrimps with the white spot syndrome virus.Marine Fisheries Research,2000,21(3):9?12[刘萍,孔杰,孟宪红,等.白斑综合症病毒(WSSV)在对虾养殖过程中传播途径的调查.海洋水产研究,2000,21(3):9?12]
Liu YM,Qiu L,Cheng DY,et al.The relationship of body length and weight in the Litopenaeus vannamei populations detected Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei.Progress in Fishery Sciences,2017,38(4):96?103[刘雅梅,邱亮,程东远,等.检出虾肝肠胞虫(Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei)的凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)群体的体长和体重关系.渔业科学进展,2017,38(4):96?103]
Liu Z,Zhang QL,Wan XY,et al.Development of real-time PCRassay for detecting microsporidian Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei and the application in shrimp samples with different growth rates.Progress in Fishery Sciences,2016,37(2):119?126[刘珍,张庆利,万晓媛,等.虾肝肠胞虫(Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei)实时荧光定量PCR检测方法的建立及对虾样品的检测.渔业科学进展,2016,37(2):119?126]
LüHD.High resistant Purimo shrimp landed Zhanjiang.Ocean Fishery,2016(1):35?36[吕华当.高抗病普瑞莫亲虾落地湛江.海洋与渔业,2016(1):35?36]
Meng XH,Zhang TS,Kong J,et al.Quantitative and quantitative test methods for the ability of prawns against white spot syndrome virus.China:CN201210107377.8,2012-09-12[孟宪红,张天时,孔杰,等.对虾抗白斑综合症病毒能力的等量、定量测试方法.中国:CN201210107377.8,2012-09-12]
Nakano H,Koube H,Umezawa S,et al.Mass mortalities of cultures kuruma shrimp,Penaeus japonicus,in Japan in1993:Epizootiological survey and infection trials.Fish Pathology,1994,29(2):135?139
OIE.Manual of diagnostic tests for aquatic animals.Beijing:China Agriculture Press,2017[世界动物卫生组织.水生动物疾病诊断手册.北京:中国农业出版社,2017]
Penaeus vannamei“Primo”.Ocean and Fishery,2016(2):41[普瑞莫南美白对虾.海洋与渔业,2016(2):41]
Pooljun C,Direkbusarakom S,Chotipuntu P,et al.Development of a TaqMan real-time RT-PCR assay for detection of covert mortality nodavirus(CMNV)in penaeid shrimp.Aquaculture,2016,464(1):445?450
Tang KF,Pantoja CR,Redman RM,et al.Development of in situ hybridization and PCR assays for the detection of Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei(EHP),a microsporidian parasite infecting penaeid shrimp.Journal of Invertebrate Pathology,2015,130:37?41
Wang CG,Yang SP,Cai ZF,et al.The compare of genetic characters of five Litopenaeus vannamei anit WSSVfamilies.Journal of Zhejiang Ocean University(Natural Science),2015,34(3):227?232[王成桂,杨世平,蔡志方,等.5个凡纳滨对虾抗WSSV家系遗传性状的比较.浙江海洋学院学报(自然科学版),2015,34(3):227?232]
Wang XQ,Ma S,Dong SL.Studies on the biology and cultural ecology of Litopenaeus vannamei:A review.Transactions of Oceanology and Limnology,2004(4):94?100[王兴强,马甡,董双林.凡纳滨对虾生物学及养殖生态学研究进展.海洋湖沼通报,2004(4):94?100]
Wei L,Qiu LG,Li YH,et al.Comparision of the mitochondrial ultrastructure between two varieties of the shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei under hypoxia stress.Journal of Tropical Biology,2016,7(1):17?22[魏琳,邱立国,李玉虎,等.低氧胁迫下不同品种凡纳滨对虾线粒体超微结构的比较.热带生物学报,2016,7(1):17?22]
Yan DC.Review on shrimp white spot syndrome virus(WSSV)hosts.Transactions of Oceanology and Limnology,2007(1):136?140[闫冬春.对虾白斑综合征病毒(WSSV)宿主研究进展.海洋湖沼通报,2007(1):136?140]
Zhang QL,Liu Q,Liu S,et al.A new nodavirus is associated with covert mortality disease of shrimp.Journal of General Virology,2014,95(12):2700?2709
Zhang QL,Xu TT,Wan XY,et al.Prevalence and distribution of covert mortality nodavirus(CMNV)in cultured crustacean.Virus Research,2017,233:113?119
Zhang WQ.A brief introduction to the biology of Penaeus vannamei in the world.Marine Sciences,1990(3):69?73[张伟权.世界重要养殖品种-南美白对虾生物学简介.海洋科学,1990(3):69?73]
Chai Z,Luan S,Luo K,et al.Correlation analysis of fillet yield with phenotypic traits for families from conservation population of Litopenaeus vannamei.Progress in Fishery Sciences,2015,36(6):63?70[柴展,栾生,罗坤,等.基于家系水平的凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)保种群体出肉率与表型性状的相关性分析.渔业科学进展,2015,36(6):63?70]
Dai JY,Li WT,Yang F.Studies on the invasion routes of white spot syndrome virus(WSSV)into shrimp and virus titer.Journal of Applied Oceanography,2013,32(1):67?72[戴俊逸,李文婷,杨丰.白斑综合症病毒(WSSV)感染对虾的途径及滴度研究.应用海洋学学报,2013,32(1):67?72]
Deng T,Huang TS,Zhang ZD.Current situation and countermeasure of Penaeus vannamei seed industry in China.China Fisheries,2013(12):22?25[邓涛,黄太寿,张振东.我国南美白对虾种业发展现状及对策建议.中国水产,2013(12):22?25]
Feng YP,Kong J,Luo K,et al.The comparison of the sensitivity to the white spot syndrome virus between Fenneropenaeus chinensis and Litopenaeus vannamei.Progress in Fishery Sciences,2017,38(6):78?84[冯亚萍,孔杰,罗坤,等.中国对虾(Fenneropenaeus chinensis)和凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)对白斑综合征病毒的敏感性比较.渔业科学进展,2017,38(6):78?84]
Hasson KW,Fan Y,Reisinger T,et al.White spot syndrome virus(WSSV)introduction into the Gulf of Mexico and Texas freshwater systems through imported,frozen bait-shrimp.Diseases of Aquatic Organisms,2006,71(2):91?100
He PM,Guo YY,Jia XH,et al.Research advance of immunology prevention of shrimp white spot syndrome virus.Marine and Fisheries,2016,38(4):437?448[何培民,郭媛媛,贾晓会,等.对虾白斑综合症病毒免疫防治研究进展.海洋渔业,2016,38(4):437?448]
Huang YC,Ai HS,Pan ZC,et al.Establishment and WSSVresistant characteristics of selective breeding families for resistance to the white spot syndrome virus of Litopenaeus vannamei.Journal of Fisheries of China,2013,37(3):359?366[黄永春,艾华水,潘忠诚,等.凡纳滨对虾抗WSSV选育家系的建立及其抗病特性.水产学报,2013,37(3):359?366]
Huang ZJ,Chen YG,Wong SP,et al.Multiple bacteria species were involved in hepatopancreas necrosis syndrome(HPNS)of Litopenaeus vannamei.Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Sunyatseni,2016,55(1):1?11[黄志坚,陈勇贵,翁少萍,等.多种细菌与凡纳滨对虾肝胰腺坏死症(HPNS)爆发有关.中山大学学报(自然科学版),2016,55(1):1?11]
Jaroenlak P,Sanguanrut P,Williams BAP,et al.A nested PCRassay to avoid false positive detection of the microsporidian Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei(EHP)in environmental samples in shrimp farms.PLo S One,2016,11(11):e0166320
Kong J,Luo K,Luan S,et al.The new variety of Fenneropenaeus chinensis“Huanghai No.2”.Journal of Fisheries of China,2012,36(12):1854?1862[孔杰,罗坤,栾生,等.中国对虾新品种“黄海2号”的培育.水产学报,2012,36(12):1854?1862]
Li WJ,Luan S,Luo K,et al.Genetic parameters and genotype by environment interaction for cold tolerance,body weight and survival of the Pacific white shrimp Penaeus vannamei at different temperatures.Aquaculture,2015,441:8?15
Liu F,Zhang BC,Zhang XH,et al.Multiplex PCR assay for simultaneous detection of six viruses in shrimp.Progress in Fishery Sciences,2014,35(1):60?67[刘飞,张宝存,张晓华,等.对虾6种病毒多重PCR检测方法的建立.渔业科学进展,2014,35(1):60?67]
Liu P,Kong J,Meng XH,et al.Investigation of the transmission route during the artificial culture of shrimps with the white spot syndrome virus.Marine Fisheries Research,2000,21(3):9?12[刘萍,孔杰,孟宪红,等.白斑综合症病毒(WSSV)在对虾养殖过程中传播途径的调查.海洋水产研究,2000,21(3):9?12]
Liu YM,Qiu L,Cheng DY,et al.The relationship of body length and weight in the Litopenaeus vannamei populations detected Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei.Progress in Fishery Sciences,2017,38(4):96?103[刘雅梅,邱亮,程东远,等.检出虾肝肠胞虫(Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei)的凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)群体的体长和体重关系.渔业科学进展,2017,38(4):96?103]
Liu Z,Zhang QL,Wan XY,et al.Development of real-time PCRassay for detecting microsporidian Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei and the application in shrimp samples with different growth rates.Progress in Fishery Sciences,2016,37(2):119?126[刘珍,张庆利,万晓媛,等.虾肝肠胞虫(Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei)实时荧光定量PCR检测方法的建立及对虾样品的检测.渔业科学进展,2016,37(2):119?126]
LüHD.High resistant Purimo shrimp landed Zhanjiang.Ocean Fishery,2016(1):35?36[吕华当.高抗病普瑞莫亲虾落地湛江.海洋与渔业,2016(1):35?36]
Meng XH,Zhang TS,Kong J,et al.Quantitative and quantitative test methods for the ability of prawns against white spot syndrome virus.China:CN201210107377.8,2012-09-12[孟宪红,张天时,孔杰,等.对虾抗白斑综合症病毒能力的等量、定量测试方法.中国:CN201210107377.8,2012-09-12]
Nakano H,Koube H,Umezawa S,et al.Mass mortalities of cultures kuruma shrimp,Penaeus japonicus,in Japan in1993:Epizootiological survey and infection trials.Fish Pathology,1994,29(2):135?139
OIE.Manual of diagnostic tests for aquatic animals.Beijing:China Agriculture Press,2017[世界动物卫生组织.水生动物疾病诊断手册.北京:中国农业出版社,2017]
Penaeus vannamei“Primo”.Ocean and Fishery,2016(2):41[普瑞莫南美白对虾.海洋与渔业,2016(2):41]
Pooljun C,Direkbusarakom S,Chotipuntu P,et al.Development of a TaqMan real-time RT-PCR assay for detection of covert mortality nodavirus(CMNV)in penaeid shrimp.Aquaculture,2016,464(1):445?450
Tang KF,Pantoja CR,Redman RM,et al.Development of in situ hybridization and PCR assays for the detection of Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei(EHP),a microsporidian parasite infecting penaeid shrimp.Journal of Invertebrate Pathology,2015,130:37?41
Wang CG,Yang SP,Cai ZF,et al.The compare of genetic characters of five Litopenaeus vannamei anit WSSVfamilies.Journal of Zhejiang Ocean University(Natural Science),2015,34(3):227?232[王成桂,杨世平,蔡志方,等.5个凡纳滨对虾抗WSSV家系遗传性状的比较.浙江海洋学院学报(自然科学版),2015,34(3):227?232]
Wang XQ,Ma S,Dong SL.Studies on the biology and cultural ecology of Litopenaeus vannamei:A review.Transactions of Oceanology and Limnology,2004(4):94?100[王兴强,马甡,董双林.凡纳滨对虾生物学及养殖生态学研究进展.海洋湖沼通报,2004(4):94?100]
Wei L,Qiu LG,Li YH,et al.Comparision of the mitochondrial ultrastructure between two varieties of the shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei under hypoxia stress.Journal of Tropical Biology,2016,7(1):17?22[魏琳,邱立国,李玉虎,等.低氧胁迫下不同品种凡纳滨对虾线粒体超微结构的比较.热带生物学报,2016,7(1):17?22]
Yan DC.Review on shrimp white spot syndrome virus(WSSV)hosts.Transactions of Oceanology and Limnology,2007(1):136?140[闫冬春.对虾白斑综合征病毒(WSSV)宿主研究进展.海洋湖沼通报,2007(1):136?140]
Zhang QL,Liu Q,Liu S,et al.A new nodavirus is associated with covert mortality disease of shrimp.Journal of General Virology,2014,95(12):2700?2709
Zhang QL,Xu TT,Wan XY,et al.Prevalence and distribution of covert mortality nodavirus(CMNV)in cultured crustacean.Virus Research,2017,233:113?119
Zhang WQ.A brief introduction to the biology of Penaeus vannamei in the world.Marine Sciences,1990(3):69?73[张伟权.世界重要养殖品种-南美白对虾生物学简介.海洋科学,1990(3):69?73]