岩巷炮掘烟尘回风特性与治理措施研究
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摘要
煤矿井下岩巷炮掘会产生大量烟尘,烟尘中含有CO及粉尘等有害物质,不仅会对井下作业人员身体造成损害,而且污染地面大气环境。通过实时监测淮北矿业集团杨柳煤业103采区变电所巷道内放炮前后的粉尘浓度与CO浓度,对岩巷炮掘烟尘的回风特性进行了研究,得出炮烟粉尘浓度变化具有"双峰特性";对双峰产生的原因进行了分析;并根据炮烟回风特性,针对性地提出了综合治理措施,即包括确定合理的巷道清洗周期、设置回风水幕帘及采用高效水炮泥等。
A large amount of blasting smoke,including dust,CO,and other nitrogen oxide,which were produced during the rock excavation,not only heavily effected workers′ health,but also obviously polluted the environment of the ground.Therefore,the flow characteristics of blasting smoke were firstly researched via real timely monitoring the concentration of dust and CO in the smoke,before and after blasting in substation roadway of 103 mining area in Yangliu Coal Mine of Huaibei Mining Group,and the vary curve of dust concentration has a significant "double peak";after that,the causes of "double peak" were analyzed in detail;lastly,a comprehensive clean-up measures of the smoke were put forward,which include computing reasonable cleaning period of roadway,setting water curtain in return roadway,adopting high-efficiency water stemming and so on.
A large amount of blasting smoke,including dust,CO,and other nitrogen oxide,which were produced during the rock excavation,not only heavily effected workers′ health,but also obviously polluted the environment of the ground.Therefore,the flow characteristics of blasting smoke were firstly researched via real timely monitoring the concentration of dust and CO in the smoke,before and after blasting in substation roadway of 103 mining area in Yangliu Coal Mine of Huaibei Mining Group,and the vary curve of dust concentration has a significant "double peak";after that,the causes of "double peak" were analyzed in detail;lastly,a comprehensive clean-up measures of the smoke were put forward,which include computing reasonable cleaning period of roadway,setting water curtain in return roadway,adopting high-efficiency water stemming and so on.
引文
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[15] 李向东,孙萌苑.新型水炮泥降低爆破烟尘的试验[J].煤炭科学技术,2011,39(1):53-56.Li Xiangdong,Sun Mengyuan.Experiment on new water stemming to reduce blasting smoke and dust[J].Coal Science and Technology,2011,39(1):53-56.
[2] 袁辉.金庙井金矿探矿巷道掘进爆破粉尘及炮烟控制技术探讨[J].世界有色金属,2017(10):229-230.Yuan Hui.Golden temple wells gold exploration tunneling blasting dust and smoke control technology discussion[J].World Nonferrous Metal,2017(10):229-230.
[3] 薄以匀,吕琳.我国的粉尘职业危害现状及预防对策[J].中国安全科学学报,1998,8(4):26-30.Bo Yiyun,Lü Lin.Current status of occupational dust hazard and its preventive measure in China[J].China Safety Science Journal,1998,8(4):26-30.
[4] 陈东春,徐培铭,李燃.煤矿粉尘现状及综合防治技术探讨[J].矿业工程,2010,8(3):59-62.Chen Dongchun,Xu Peiming,Li Ran.Comprehensive depress & removal of dust caused by mining activities in underground coal mine[J].Mining Engineering,2010,8(3):59-62.
[5] 胡坤伦,杨仁树,徐晓峰,等.煤矿深部岩巷掘进爆破试验研究[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报(自然科学版),2007,26(6):856-858.Hu Kunlun,Yang Renshu,Xu Xiaofeng,et al.Blasting test and study on driving of deep-seated rock tunnels of coal mines[J].Journal of Liaoning Technical University(Natural Science),2007,26(6):856-858.
[6] 郭郡,陈胜.岩巷掘进工作面粉尘分布规律及数值模拟[J].现代矿业,2014(1):89-93.Guo Jun,Chen Sheng.Research on the rule and numerical simulation of dust distribution and in rock heading face[J].Modern Mining,2014(1):89-93.
[7] 王永珍.抑尘雾炮系统的研制及其在掘进工作面的应用[J].能源与环保,2019,41(2):54-57.Wang Yongzhen.Development of a dust suppression fog system and its application in driving face[J].China Energy and Environmental Protection,2019,41(2):54-57.
[8] 周玉民,王辰,姚婉贞,等.职业接触粉尘和烟雾对慢性阻塞性肺疾病及呼吸道症状的影响[J].中国呼吸与危重监护杂志,2009,8(1):6-11.Zhou Yumin,Wang Chen,Yao Wanzhen,et al.Occupational exposure to dusts/gases/fumes is contributed to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and respiratory symptoms[J].Chinese Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine,2009,8(1):6-11.
[9] 潘锐,唐亚梅,容小明,等.一氧化碳中毒迟发性脑病临床特征及危险因素分析[J].中国实用内科杂志,2012,32(10):787-790.Pan Rui,Tang Yamei,Rong Xiaoming,et al.Analysis of clinical features and risk factors for delayed encephalopathy after carbon monoxide poisoning[J].Chinese Journal of Practical Internal Medicine,2012,32(10):787-790.
[10] 余海,潘晓雯,孟娟,等.一氧化碳中毒迟发性脑病的临床研究[J].中华劳动卫生职业病杂志,2001,20(1):26-28.Yu Hai,Pan Xiaowen,Meng Juan,et al.A clinical study on delayed encephalopathy after carbon monoxide poisoning[J].Chinese Journal of Practical Internal Medicine,2012,32(10):787-790.
[11] 蒋仲安,金龙哲,陈立武,等.掘进巷道粉尘控制技术的研究[J].中国安全科学学报,1999,9(1):11-15.Jiang Zhongan,Jin Longzhe,Chen Liwu,et al.Study of dust control technology on tunnelling[J].China Safety Science Journal,1999,9(1):11-15.
[12] 谭聪,蒋仲安.矿井水幕帘降尘参数优化实验研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2015,44(6):1002-1007.Tan Cong,Jiang Zhongan.Experimental study on dust-control by water curtain in underground mines[J].Journal of China University of Mining and Technology,2015,44(6):1002-1007.
[13] 王伟峰.自动化综合防尘技术在岩巷掘进中的应用[J].煤炭与化工,2015,38(5):73-74,77.Wang Weifeng.Application of comprehensive dust control technology of automation in rock roadway driving[J].Coal and Chemical Industry,2015,38(5):73-74,77.
[14] 金龙哲,刘结友,于猛.高效水炮泥的降尘机理及应用研究[J].北京科技大学学报,2007,29(11):1079-1082.Jin Longzhe,Liu Jieyou,Yu Meng.Dust-reduction mechanism and application research of efficient water-stemming[J].Journal of Beijing University of Science and Technology,2007,29(11):1079-1082.
[15] 李向东,孙萌苑.新型水炮泥降低爆破烟尘的试验[J].煤炭科学技术,2011,39(1):53-56.Li Xiangdong,Sun Mengyuan.Experiment on new water stemming to reduce blasting smoke and dust[J].Coal Science and Technology,2011,39(1):53-56.