水力冲孔压裂卸压增透抽采瓦斯技术研究
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摘要
为了提升煤层瓦斯抽采效率,减少矿井瓦斯抽采工程量和抽采时间,讨论了水力冲压卸压增透机制,详细阐述了水力冲压卸压增透技术的工程实施模式,并将该技术应用于贵州新田煤矿煤巷条带瓦斯治理工作中,监测技术实施前后钻孔瓦斯抽采参数,数据分析结果表明:水力冲孔孔洞最大半径在0.23～0.72 m,水力压裂时的煤层破裂压力在13～26 MPa,冲孔后的平均瓦斯抽采体积分数提高了35%左右、瓦斯抽采纯量提高了1.1～5.0倍,冲压一体化作业后,钻场抽采浓度相较于冲孔后提高了0.8倍以上,钻场抽采纯量再次提高了3～5倍,卸压增透效果较为显著。工程试验结果证明水力冲压卸压增透技术能够实现煤层卸压增透,大幅提升煤层瓦斯抽采效率,对矿井安全高效生产有着重要的工程意义。
This paper is dedicated to improve efficiency of coal seam gas extraction,shorten engineering workload,and reduce gas extraction time through a new gas extraction technology which applies hydraulic stamping and pressure relief to increase permeability.The mechanism of hydraulic stamping and hydraulic pressure relief to increase permeability and the detailed description of the engineering implementation model are discussed.A case study of the gas extraction technology is explored,which was carried out in Xintian Coal Mine,Guizhou Province of China.Gas extraction parameters were monitored before and after the application of the technology.The results show that the maximum radius of the hydraulic punching hole is between 0.23 m and 0.72 m and the fracturing pressure of the coal seam is between 13 MPa and 26 MPa.It is also found that the average gas extraction concentration is increased by about 35% and the pure quantity of gas drainage is improved by 1.1 to5.0 times after hydraulic stamping.Moreover,gas extraction concentration is increased by over 0.8 times and pure quantity of gas drainage is improved by 3 to 5 times after integrating pressure relief to hydraulic stamping,which is due to permeability increaseby pressure relief.These results demonstrate that efficient gas extraction can be realized by implementing hydraulic stamping and pressure relief technology to increase permeability of coal seam.This technology has engineering significance in increasing mine safety and productivity.
This paper is dedicated to improve efficiency of coal seam gas extraction,shorten engineering workload,and reduce gas extraction time through a new gas extraction technology which applies hydraulic stamping and pressure relief to increase permeability.The mechanism of hydraulic stamping and hydraulic pressure relief to increase permeability and the detailed description of the engineering implementation model are discussed.A case study of the gas extraction technology is explored,which was carried out in Xintian Coal Mine,Guizhou Province of China.Gas extraction parameters were monitored before and after the application of the technology.The results show that the maximum radius of the hydraulic punching hole is between 0.23 m and 0.72 m and the fracturing pressure of the coal seam is between 13 MPa and 26 MPa.It is also found that the average gas extraction concentration is increased by about 35% and the pure quantity of gas drainage is improved by 1.1 to5.0 times after hydraulic stamping.Moreover,gas extraction concentration is increased by over 0.8 times and pure quantity of gas drainage is improved by 3 to 5 times after integrating pressure relief to hydraulic stamping,which is due to permeability increaseby pressure relief.These results demonstrate that efficient gas extraction can be realized by implementing hydraulic stamping and pressure relief technology to increase permeability of coal seam.This technology has engineering significance in increasing mine safety and productivity.
引文
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[13]刘晓,马耕,苏现波,等.煤矿井下水力压裂增透抽采瓦斯存在问题分析及对策[J].河南理工大学学报:自然科学版,2016,35(3):303-308.LIU Xiao,MA Geng,SU Xianbo,et al. Problems analysis and countermeasures of hydraulic fracturing and gas drainage in coal mine[J]. Journal of Henan Polytechnic University:Natural Science,2016,35(3):303-308.
[14]陶云奇,孟杰.吞吐压裂卸压增透机理分析及应用[J].煤矿安全,2014,45(5):125-128.TAO Yunqi,MENG Jie. The relief pressure and permeability improvement mechanism of huff hydraulic fracturing and its application[J].Safety in Coal Mines,2014,45(5):125-128.
[15]孙四清,张群,闫志铭,等.碎软低渗高突煤层井下长钻孔整体水力压裂增透工程实践[J].煤炭学报,2017,42(9):2337-2344.SUN Siqing,ZHANG Qun,YAN Zhiming,et al.Practice of permeability enhancement through overall hydraulic fracturing of long hole in outburst-prone soft crushed coal seam with low permeability[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2017,42(9):2337-2344.
[16]王峰.水力冲/压一体化卸压增透机理研究[J].中州煤炭,2014(6):46-48,112.WANG Feng.Research on the integration mechanism of hydraulic flushing/fracturing for pressure relief and permeability improving[J].Zhongzhou Coal,2014(6):46-48,112.
[17]马耕,陶云奇.煤矿井下水力扰动抽采瓦斯技术体系[J].煤炭科学技术,2016,44(1):29-38.MA Geng,TAO Yunqi. Technical system of gas drainage by hydraulic disturbance in coal mine[J]. Coal Science and Technology,2016,44(1):29-38.
[2]方俊,李泉新,许超,等.松软突出煤层瓦斯抽采钻孔施工技术及发展趋势[J].煤炭科学技术,2018,46(5):130-137,172.FANG Jun,LI Quanxin,XU Chao,et al. Construction technology and development tendency of gas drainage borehole in soft and outburst coal seam[J]. Coal Science and Technology,2018,46(5):130-137,172.
[3]翟红,令狐建设.阳泉矿区瓦斯治理创新模式与实践[J].煤炭科学技术,2018,46(2):168-175.ZHAI Hong,LINGHU Jianshe.Innovation model and practice of gas control in Yangquan Mining Area[J]. Coal Science and Technology,2018,46(2):168-175.
[4]张建国.中国平煤神马集团瓦斯防治体系建设[J].煤炭科学技术,2017,45(8):13-18.ZHANG Jianguo.Construction of gas prevention and control system in China Pingmei Shenma Group[J]. Coal Science and Technology,2017,45(8):13-18.
[5]王佰顺,戴广龙,童云飞,等.深孔松动爆破提高瓦斯抽放率的应用研究[J].煤矿安全,2002,33(11):5-7.WANG Baishun,DAI Guanglong,TONG Yunfei,et al. Applied study on deep shot to improve methane drainage efficiency[J].Safety in Coal Mines,2002,33(11):5-7.
[6]张连军,林柏泉,高亚明.基于高压水力割缝工艺的煤巷快速消突技术[J].煤矿安全,2013,44(3):64-66.ZHANG Lianjun,LIN Baiquan,GAO Yaming. Based on the highpressure hydraulic cutting seam technology rapid outburst elimination technique in coal roadway[J].Safety in Coal Mines,2013,44(3):64-66.
[7]宋维源,王忠峰,唐巨鹏.水力割缝增透抽采煤层瓦斯原理及应用[J].中国安全科学学报,2011,21(4):78-82.SONG Weiyuan,WANG Zhongfeng,TANG Jupeng.Principle of gas extraction by increasing permeability of coal seam with hydraulic cutting and its application[J].China Safety Science Journal,2011,21(4):78-82.
[8]王峰,陶云奇,冀凯.水力冲孔钻孔有效抽采半径的测试研究[J].矿业安全与环保,2017,44(6):49-53.WANG Feng,TAO Yunqi,JI Kai.Test study on effective extraction radius of hydraulic flushing holes[J]. Mining Safety and Environmental Protection,2017,44(6):49-53.
[9]王峰,陶云奇,刘东.水力冲孔卸压范围及瓦斯抽采规律研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2017,45(10):96-100.WANG Feng,TAO Yunqi,LIU Dong. Study on pressure released scope of hydraulic flushing and gas drainage law[J].Coal Science and Technology,2017,45(10):96-100.
[10]贺超.基于二氧化碳深孔致裂增透技术的低透煤层瓦斯治理[J].煤炭科学技术,2017,45(6):67-72.HE Chao.Gas control of low gas permeability seam based on deepborehole fracturing and permeability improved technology with carbon dioxide[J].Coal Science and Technology,2017,45(6):67-72.
[11]霍中刚.二氧化碳致裂器深孔预裂爆破煤层增透新技术[J].煤炭科学技术,2015,43(2):80-83.HUO Zhonggang. New technology of carbon dioxide fracture applied to deep borehole pre-cracking blasting for seam permeability improvement[J]. Coal Science and Technology,2015,43(2):80-83.
[12]张东明,白鑫,尹光志,等.低渗煤层液态CO2相变定向射孔致裂增透技术及应用[J].煤炭学报,2018,43(7):1938-1950.ZHANG Dongming,BAI Xin,YIN Guangzhi,et al. Research and application on technology of increased permeability by liquid CO2phase change directional jet fracturing in low-permeability coal seam[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2018,43(7):1938-1950.
[13]刘晓,马耕,苏现波,等.煤矿井下水力压裂增透抽采瓦斯存在问题分析及对策[J].河南理工大学学报:自然科学版,2016,35(3):303-308.LIU Xiao,MA Geng,SU Xianbo,et al. Problems analysis and countermeasures of hydraulic fracturing and gas drainage in coal mine[J]. Journal of Henan Polytechnic University:Natural Science,2016,35(3):303-308.
[14]陶云奇,孟杰.吞吐压裂卸压增透机理分析及应用[J].煤矿安全,2014,45(5):125-128.TAO Yunqi,MENG Jie. The relief pressure and permeability improvement mechanism of huff hydraulic fracturing and its application[J].Safety in Coal Mines,2014,45(5):125-128.
[15]孙四清,张群,闫志铭,等.碎软低渗高突煤层井下长钻孔整体水力压裂增透工程实践[J].煤炭学报,2017,42(9):2337-2344.SUN Siqing,ZHANG Qun,YAN Zhiming,et al.Practice of permeability enhancement through overall hydraulic fracturing of long hole in outburst-prone soft crushed coal seam with low permeability[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2017,42(9):2337-2344.
[16]王峰.水力冲/压一体化卸压增透机理研究[J].中州煤炭,2014(6):46-48,112.WANG Feng.Research on the integration mechanism of hydraulic flushing/fracturing for pressure relief and permeability improving[J].Zhongzhou Coal,2014(6):46-48,112.
[17]马耕,陶云奇.煤矿井下水力扰动抽采瓦斯技术体系[J].煤炭科学技术,2016,44(1):29-38.MA Geng,TAO Yunqi. Technical system of gas drainage by hydraulic disturbance in coal mine[J]. Coal Science and Technology,2016,44(1):29-38.