基于磷石膏的多骨料充填体强度演化规律研究
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摘要
针对湖北宜昌某磷矿重选尾矿产出量远远低于充填骨料需求量及磷石膏堆放造成环境污染的问题,在磷石膏及重选尾砂物理化学性质分析的基础上,进行了基于磷石膏和重选尾砂的多骨料配比试验,探究了不同养护龄期下充填体的强度演化规律;并利用电镜扫描(SEM)呈现了磷石膏胶结充填体的微观结构,揭示了磷石膏胶结充填体作用机理。研究结果表明:单独采用磷石膏作为骨料时,早期强度较低,添加重选尾矿可明显加快充填体的固结速度,同时充填体的早期及中期强度也相应增大,灰砂比1∶10、磷石膏∶重选尾矿为3∶2,质量浓度70%状态下,试块的7d强度可达1.35MPa,28d强度可达2.67 MPa。基于磷石膏和重选尾砂的多骨料充填体的早期强度增长平稳,增长较快,且强度较高,中期强度可达到后期强度的50%左右,多骨料充填体的强度增长相对稳定。
Based on the problems that the gravity-separation tailings production of a phosphorus mine in Yichang,Hubei Province was far lower than the filling demand and the environmental pollution was caused by the stacking of phosphogypsum,the physical and chemical properties of phosphogypsum and gravity-separation tailings were analyzed firstly.Then,the multiaggregate ratio test based on phosphogypsum and gravity-separation tailings was carried out to explore the strength evolution rules under different curing ages.Finally,the microstructure of phosphogypsum cemented backfill was observed by scanning electron microscope(SEM),and the mechanism of phosphogypsum cemented filling was revealed.The results showed that the early strength was low when the phosphogypsum was only used as an aggregate.The consolidation speed of filling body can be obviously accelerated by adding tailings,and the early and mid-term strength of backfill also increased correspondingly.The strength can reach 1.35 MPa in 7 days and 2.67 MPa in 28 days with the cement-tailings ratio of 1∶10,phosphogypsumtailings ratio of 3∶2 and mass concentration of 70%.The early strength of multi-aggregate filling body based on phosphogypsum and gravity-separation tailings increased steadily and rapidly.The mid-term strength can reach about 50% of the long-term strength,with a relatively stable trend.
Based on the problems that the gravity-separation tailings production of a phosphorus mine in Yichang,Hubei Province was far lower than the filling demand and the environmental pollution was caused by the stacking of phosphogypsum,the physical and chemical properties of phosphogypsum and gravity-separation tailings were analyzed firstly.Then,the multiaggregate ratio test based on phosphogypsum and gravity-separation tailings was carried out to explore the strength evolution rules under different curing ages.Finally,the microstructure of phosphogypsum cemented backfill was observed by scanning electron microscope(SEM),and the mechanism of phosphogypsum cemented filling was revealed.The results showed that the early strength was low when the phosphogypsum was only used as an aggregate.The consolidation speed of filling body can be obviously accelerated by adding tailings,and the early and mid-term strength of backfill also increased correspondingly.The strength can reach 1.35 MPa in 7 days and 2.67 MPa in 28 days with the cement-tailings ratio of 1∶10,phosphogypsumtailings ratio of 3∶2 and mass concentration of 70%.The early strength of multi-aggregate filling body based on phosphogypsum and gravity-separation tailings increased steadily and rapidly.The mid-term strength can reach about 50% of the long-term strength,with a relatively stable trend.
引文
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[2]周爱民.中国充填技术概述[C]//中国有色金属学会.国际充填采矿会议,2004:1-7.
[3]黄志伟,张炳旭.全尾砂分级充填新工艺的研究[J].金属矿山,2004(6):65-67.
[4]孙恒虎.当代胶结充填技术[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2002.
[5]Farsangi P,Hara A.Consolidated rockfill design and quality control at Kidd Creek Mines[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics&Mining Sciences&Geomechanics Abstracts,1994,31(2):68-74.
[6]王湘桂,唐开元.矿山充填采矿法综述[J].现代矿业,2008,24(12):1-5.
[7]王新民,陈嘉生,张钦礼,等.块石胶结充填工艺关键技术的试验研究[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),1996(6).
[8]赵彬.焦家金矿尾砂固结材料配比试验及工艺改造方案研究[D].长沙:中南大学,2009.
[9]Zhang D M,Li S,Wang X M,et al.Super Large-Scale Filtered Tailing Disposal on Coal-Mining Subsidence Land[J].Polish Journal of Environmental Studies,2017,26(4).
[10]兰文涛,吴爱祥,等.凝水膨胀充填复合材料的配比优化与形成机制[J].复合材料学报,2018(9):9-18.
[11]曹兴,黄士兵,等.磷石膏充填材料的管道输送研究[J].矿业研究与开发,2016,36(4):26-30.
[12]Krekeler M P S,Morton J,Lepp J,Tselepis C M,Samsonov M,Kearns L E.Mineralogical and geochemical investigation of clay-rich mine tailings from a closed phosphate mine[J].Bartow Florida,USA.Environ Geol,2008,55(1):123-147.
[13]Helms W.The development of backfill techniques in German metal during the past decade[J].Minefill 93.Johannesburg,SAIMN,1993.
[14]张钦礼,王新民,邓义芳.采矿概论[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2008.
[15]刘同有.充填采矿技术与应用[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2001.
[16]Su J,Cao Q S,Hu H Y.Designing of Waste Rock Backfill Monitoring System in WU GOU Coal Mine[J].Coal Mine Modernization,2013.