非饱和粗粒土基质吸力与含水率及级配关系试验研究
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摘要
为了研究非饱和粗粒土基质吸力与含水率及级配之间的关系,通过控制曲率系数和不均匀系数配制5种不同级配的粗粒土土样,采用自行设计的模型装置进行降雨入渗试验,并根据试验结果绘制基质吸力与含水率关系拟合曲线,得到满足试验条件的函数关系式,从而得到土-水特征曲线方程。研究结果表明:不均匀系数越大,土样初始含水率越小,达到饱和状态时含水率越小,且土样达到饱和所需的时间越长;随着脱水过程的进行,土样不均匀系数越大,其含水率的下降速度越慢,残余含水率也越大;初始基质吸力随着土样不均匀系数增大而不断提高,同时,土样的残余基质吸力随着不均匀系数增大而增大;利用Van Genuchten模型对实测土-水特征曲线进行拟合可获得拟合参数,从而得到可应用于数值分析的土-水特征曲线方程。
In order to study the relationship among matric suction and moisture content and gradation of unsaturated coarse grained soil, five kinds of coarse-grained soil samples with different gradations were prepared by controlling curvature coefficient and non-uniform coefficient. The rainfall infiltration test was conducted using a self-designed model device. The fit curves of moisture content with matrix suction were plotted based on the experimental results, and the functional relationship under the experimental conditions was obtained. The results show that the bigger the non-uniform coefficient, the smaller the initial moisture content of the soil sample, and the smaller the water content, the longer it takes for the soil sample to reach saturation. With the progress of the dehydration process, the larger the non-uniform coefficient of the soil sample, the slower the rate of decline of its moisture content, and the greater the final residual moisture content. The initial matrix suction increases with the increase of the non-uniform coefficient of the soil sample.The residual matrix suction of the soil sample increases with the increase of the non-uniform coefficient. Using the Van Genuchten model to fit the measured soil-water characteristic curve, the fitting parameters can be obtained, so that the empirical equation of the soil-water characteristic curve applied in the numerical analysis process can be obtained.
In order to study the relationship among matric suction and moisture content and gradation of unsaturated coarse grained soil, five kinds of coarse-grained soil samples with different gradations were prepared by controlling curvature coefficient and non-uniform coefficient. The rainfall infiltration test was conducted using a self-designed model device. The fit curves of moisture content with matrix suction were plotted based on the experimental results, and the functional relationship under the experimental conditions was obtained. The results show that the bigger the non-uniform coefficient, the smaller the initial moisture content of the soil sample, and the smaller the water content, the longer it takes for the soil sample to reach saturation. With the progress of the dehydration process, the larger the non-uniform coefficient of the soil sample, the slower the rate of decline of its moisture content, and the greater the final residual moisture content. The initial matrix suction increases with the increase of the non-uniform coefficient of the soil sample.The residual matrix suction of the soil sample increases with the increase of the non-uniform coefficient. Using the Van Genuchten model to fit the measured soil-water characteristic curve, the fitting parameters can be obtained, so that the empirical equation of the soil-water characteristic curve applied in the numerical analysis process can be obtained.
引文
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[21]张昭,刘奉银,张国平.土在全含水率范围内持水及非饱和渗透特性的模型描述[J].岩土工程学报,2014,36(11):2069-2077.ZHANG Zhao,LIU Fengyin,ZHANG Guoping.Models for water retention and unsaturated permeability in full range ofwater content[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2014,36(11):2069-2077.
[2]马吉倩,付宏渊,王桂尧,等.降雨条件下成层土质边坡的渗流特征[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2018,49(2):464-471.MA Jiqian,FU Hongyuan,WANG Guiyao,et al.Seepage characteristics of layered soil slope under rainfall conditions[J].Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2018,49(2):464-471.
[3]王协群,邹维列,骆以道,等.压实度与级配对路基重塑黏土土-水特征曲线的影响[J].岩土力学,2011,32(S1):181-186.WANG Xiequn,ZOU Weilie,LUO Yidao,et al.Effects of compaction degree and gradation on soil-water characteristic curve of roadbed remolded clay[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2011,32(S1):181-186.
[4]郑俊杰,郭震山,崔岚,等.考虑非饱和渗流与增湿膨胀下的膨胀土隧道稳定性分析[J].岩土力学,2017,38(11):3271-3277.ZHENG Junjie,GUO Zhenshan,CUI Lan,et al.Stability analysis of expansive soil tunnel considering unsaturated seepage and moistening swelling deformation[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2017,38(11):3271-3277.
[5]张鹏程,汤连生,姜力群,等.基质吸力与含水量及干密度定量关系研究[J],岩石力学与工程学报,2013,23(5):2792-2797.ZHANG Pengcheng,TANG liansheng,JIANG Liqun,et al.Quantitative relationship between soil suction and water content and dry density[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2013,23(5):2792-2797.
[6]文海家,张岩岩,付红梅,等.降雨型滑坡失稳机理及稳定性评价方法研究进展[J].中国公路学报,2018,31(2):15-29,96.WEN Haijia,ZHANG Yanyan,FU Hongmei,et al.Research status of instability mechanism of rainfall-induced landslide and stability evaluation methods[J].China Journal of Highway Transporation,2018,31(2):15-29,96.
[7]简文星,许强,童龙云.三峡库区黄土滑坡降雨入渗模型研究[J].岩土力学,2013,34(12):3527-3533.JIAN Wenxing,XU Qiang,TONG Longyun.Rainfall infiltration model of Huangtupo landslide in Three Gorges Reservoir area[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2013,34(12):3527-3533.
[8]张建,李江腾,林杭,等.降雨触发浅层坡体失稳的迟滞现象及其与土质参数的关联性[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2018,49(1):150-157.ZHANG Jian,LI Jiangteng,LIN Hang,et al.Delay phenomenon of shallow slope failure triggered by rainfall and its correlation with soil parameters[J].Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2018,49(1):150-157.
[9]申存科,迟世春,贾宇峰.考虑颗粒破碎影响的粗粒土本构关系[J].岩土力学,2010,31(7):2111-2115.SHEN Cunke,CHI Shichun,JIA Yufeng.Constitutive relations of coarse grained soil with particle crushing[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2010,31(7):2111-2115.
[10]刘磊,殷坤龙,徐勇,等.考虑降雨及库水位变动的区域滑坡灾害稳定性评价研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2018,37(2):403-414.LIU Lei,YIN Kunlong,XU Yong,et al.Evaluation of regional landslide stability considering rainfall and variation of water level of reservoir[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2018,37(2):403-414.
[11]张磊,张璐璐,程演,等.考虑潜蚀影响的降雨入渗边坡稳定性分析[J].岩土工程学报,2014,36(9):1680-1687.ZHANG Lei,ZHANG Lulu,CHENG Yan,et al.Study on stability of rainfall infiltration slope considering the influence of potential erosion[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2014,36(9):1680-1687.
[12]卢应发,陈高峰,罗先启,等.土-水特征曲线及其相关性研究[J].岩土力学,2014,29(9):2481-2486.LU Yingfa,CHEN Gaofeng,LUO Xianqi,et al.Study on soil-water characteristic curve and its correlation[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2014,29(9):2481-2486.
[13]左威,郑明新,孙斌.基于PF土-水特征曲线的非饱和土渗透特性预测[J].中外公路,2011,38(2):26-28.ZUO Wei,ZHENG Mingxin,SUN Bin.Performance prediction of unsaturated soil based on PF soil-water characteristic curve[J].Journal of China&Foreign Highway,2011,38(2):26-28.
[14]FREDLUND D G,XING A,HUANG S.Predicting the permeability function for unsaturated soils using the soil-water characteristic curve[J].Canadian Geotechnical Journal,1994,31(4):533-546.
[15]VANAPALLI S K,FREDLUND D G,PUFAHL D E.The relationship between the soil-water characteristic curve and the unsaturated shear strength of a compacted glacial till[J].Geotechnical Testing Journal,1996,19(3):259-268.
[16]李志清,胡瑞林,王立朝,等.非饱和膨胀土SWCC研究[J].岩土力学,2016,27(5):730-737.LI Zhiqing,HU Ruilin,WANG Lichao,et al.SWCC study of unsaturated expansive soils[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2016,27(5):730-737.
[17]毛尚之.非饱和膨胀土的土-水特征曲线研究[J].工程地质学报,2012,10(2):129-133.MAO Shangzhi.Study on soil-water characteristic curves of unsaturated expansive soils[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2012,10(2):129-133.
[18]SILLERS W S,FREDLUND D G,ZAKERZADEH N.Mathematical attributes of some soil-water characteristic curve models[J].Geotechnical and Geological Engineering,2011,19(3/4):243-283.
[19]GENUCHTEN V.A closed-from equation for predicting the hydraulic conductivity of unsaturated soils[J].Soil Science Society of America Journal,1980,18(14):892-898.
[20]NIE Wen,HUANG Runqiu,CHEN Yulong,et al.Optimization of groundwater 1D multi-tank model based on physical experiments[J].Electronic Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2014,19(6):8827-8841.
[21]张昭,刘奉银,张国平.土在全含水率范围内持水及非饱和渗透特性的模型描述[J].岩土工程学报,2014,36(11):2069-2077.ZHANG Zhao,LIU Fengyin,ZHANG Guoping.Models for water retention and unsaturated permeability in full range ofwater content[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2014,36(11):2069-2077.