某消力池末端河床冲刷治理方案试验研究
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摘要
对于水闸下游的冲刷防护与治理,一般在方案实施前需要进行物理模型试验验证。通过对某电站典型运行工况进行模拟,反演了冲刷区域的冲刷过程,确定了最大冲刷深度和范围,并在此基础上提出了6种护底方案。通过1:70水工模型试验综合对比不同方案的防冲效果。结果表明:明渠左导墙左侧河床位置铺设2列3.0 m厚、长宽均为9.0 m的混凝土板进行护底时,各项水力学指标较优,既考虑了经济效益又切实控制了河床冲刷范围;同时推算出混凝土板与河床之间的摩擦系数范围为0.20～0.30。研究成果可为类似河床护底修复工程提供科学依据及经验。
For the river bed erosion protection at downstream of the water gate, physical model tests are generally required to verify the protection and treatment schemes before implementation. Through the simulation of typical operating conditions of a power station, the scouring process of the scouring area was inverted, the maximum scouring depth and range were determined, and then six bottom protection schemes were put forward. In this paper, the scouring resistant effects of different schemes were compared through 1:70 hydraulic model test. The results showed that laying two rows concrete slabs of 3.0 m thick, 9.0 m length and 9.0 m width on the left side river bed along the left guide wall of the open channel had better hydraulic indexes, which not only considered economic benefit but also controlled the scouring range of the river bed. The friction coefficient range between the concrete slab and the riverbed was calculated to be 0.20 to 0.30. The research results can provide scientific basis and experience for the rehabilitation of the riverbed.
For the river bed erosion protection at downstream of the water gate, physical model tests are generally required to verify the protection and treatment schemes before implementation. Through the simulation of typical operating conditions of a power station, the scouring process of the scouring area was inverted, the maximum scouring depth and range were determined, and then six bottom protection schemes were put forward. In this paper, the scouring resistant effects of different schemes were compared through 1:70 hydraulic model test. The results showed that laying two rows concrete slabs of 3.0 m thick, 9.0 m length and 9.0 m width on the left side river bed along the left guide wall of the open channel had better hydraulic indexes, which not only considered economic benefit but also controlled the scouring range of the river bed. The friction coefficient range between the concrete slab and the riverbed was calculated to be 0.20 to 0.30. The research results can provide scientific basis and experience for the rehabilitation of the riverbed.
引文
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[2] 张福辉.盐锅峡水电站泄水消能建筑物运用及检修[J].大坝与安全,1994(3):45-50.
[3] 詹学易.黄河盐锅峡水电站一级消力池护坦冲刷破坏及修复[J].水力发电学报,1999(1):51-61.
[4] 胡海泓,罗少彤.关于如何有效防止水闸下游冲刷破坏的探讨[J].广东水利水电,2007(5):4-7.
[5] 吴国贞.局部冲刷的现代防护方法[J].中南公路工程,1989(2):36-37.
[6] 吴持恭.水力学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2008.
[7] 戴梅,何世堂,陈新桥.用原型允许流速模拟岩基冲刷方法的探讨[J].水利水电技术,2005(4):91-92,95.
[8] 韩其为,何明民,王崇浩.卵石起动流速研究[J].长江科学院院报,1996(2):17-22.
[9] 牛兰花,张小峰,李云中.葛洲坝枢纽下游河床护底结构型式比选试验[J].武汉大学学报(工学版),2008(1):50-54.