煤矿爆破网路拒爆的原因及预防措施
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摘要
针对煤矿爆破作业中拒爆事故时有发生的现状,为预防井下爆破作业事故发生,通过对煤矿爆破串联网路起爆条件、起爆电流、发火冲能的理论研究,分析了拒爆事故发生的原因。结果表明:雷管的质量缺陷、电学不均匀性以及起爆器材不匹配、网路阻值过大是造成井下拒爆事故发生的主要原因;针对爆破网路拒爆发生的原因,从雷管、起爆器、爆破网路、爆破工艺方面,提出了符合煤矿实际的预防措施。
For the situation that miss-fire accidents happen occasionally in mine blasting operation, in order to prevent the occurrence of blasting accidents in coal mines, based on the theoretical research of initiation condition, detonation current and firing energy of blasting serial network, the cause of miss-fire accident is analyzed. The results show that the main reasons for the underground miss-fire are the quality defect and electrical nonuniformity of detonator, the mismatch of detonating equipment and the excessive network resistance. According to the miss-fire causes of blasting net, the preventive measures which are in accordance with the actual situation of coal mine are proposed from the aspects of detonators, exploders, blasting network and blasting techniques.
For the situation that miss-fire accidents happen occasionally in mine blasting operation, in order to prevent the occurrence of blasting accidents in coal mines, based on the theoretical research of initiation condition, detonation current and firing energy of blasting serial network, the cause of miss-fire accident is analyzed. The results show that the main reasons for the underground miss-fire are the quality defect and electrical nonuniformity of detonator, the mismatch of detonating equipment and the excessive network resistance. According to the miss-fire causes of blasting net, the preventive measures which are in accordance with the actual situation of coal mine are proposed from the aspects of detonators, exploders, blasting network and blasting techniques.
引文
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[2]高尔新.爆破工程[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,1999:54-55.
[3]汪旭光.爆破设计与施工[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2015:120-124.
[4]国家安全生产监督管理总局,国家煤矿安全监察局.煤矿安全规程[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,2016:184-210.
[5]徐建宇.浅析煤矿爆破拒爆原因及预防措施[J].煤矿爆破,2015(2):30-32.
[6]李方成.煤矿井下爆破拒爆的原因及预防措施[J].煤炭技术,2007(1):71-73.
[7]李光辉.爆破作业大范围丢炮的原因及对策[J].煤矿安全,2006(1):39-41.
[8]宗琦,王厚良.煤矿井下爆破拒爆的主要原因及预防处理措施[J].爆破,2004(1):89-91.