装配整体式与现浇剪力墙结构抗震性能对比分析
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摘要
为研究装配整体式剪力墙结构的抗震性能,设计制作了参数、加载制度等条件相同的12层装配整体式和现浇剪力墙1∶5缩尺模型结构,并对其进行了振动台试验。研究了两模型结构受地震作用时的裂缝形态、破坏机理,自振频率、振型和阻尼比等动力特性,楼层剪力、倾覆力矩、位移,最大层间位移角和结构延性系数等地震响应参数,并进行了对比分析。结果表明:装配整体式结构连接部位存在初始损伤,在首次地震波输入后,其自振频率下降较大,而二者的振型系数和阻尼比变化趋势基本一致;在弹性阶段,两模型结构的裂缝形态、楼层剪力、倾覆力矩、楼层位移和层间位移角的变化规律基本一致,随着输入地震波加速度峰值的增大,其量值无明显差异;结构进入塑性阶段,两模型结构的裂缝形态及其形成机理的差异,造成现浇结构的自振频率最终降低幅度、层间位移角大于装配整体式结构。两模型结构的地震响应均满足"小震不坏、中震可修、大震不倒"的抗震设防目标。
To study the aseismic behavior of a monolithic precast concrete structure(MPCS), two 1∶5 scale models of 12-storey monolithic precast concrete and cast-in-place shear wall structures(CIPS) made under the same conditions were tested by a shaking table. The crack pattern, failure mechanism, natural frequency, vibration mode and damping ratio, storey shear, overturning moment, inter-storey drift, maximum interlayer displacement angle, and ductility coefficient were analyzed contrastively. For the initial damage of the connection in a monolithic precast concrete structure, the natural frequency decreased obviously after the first earthquake excitation. While the vibration modes and damping ratios were similar. In the elastic stage, the storey shear,overturning moment, inter-storey drift, and maximum interlayer displacement angle changed along the increasing of the PGA of input seismic waves, and the values were similar too. In the plastic stage, the cracks and the distribution of the two model structures were different. As the differences of damage mechanism and crack distribution, the natural frequency and maximum interlayer displacement angle of cast-in-place structure were greater than that of the monolithic precast concrete structure. The aseismic parameters of the model structures could conform to the 3-level design requirement for the fortification against an earthquake.
To study the aseismic behavior of a monolithic precast concrete structure(MPCS), two 1∶5 scale models of 12-storey monolithic precast concrete and cast-in-place shear wall structures(CIPS) made under the same conditions were tested by a shaking table. The crack pattern, failure mechanism, natural frequency, vibration mode and damping ratio, storey shear, overturning moment, inter-storey drift, maximum interlayer displacement angle, and ductility coefficient were analyzed contrastively. For the initial damage of the connection in a monolithic precast concrete structure, the natural frequency decreased obviously after the first earthquake excitation. While the vibration modes and damping ratios were similar. In the elastic stage, the storey shear,overturning moment, inter-storey drift, and maximum interlayer displacement angle changed along the increasing of the PGA of input seismic waves, and the values were similar too. In the plastic stage, the cracks and the distribution of the two model structures were different. As the differences of damage mechanism and crack distribution, the natural frequency and maximum interlayer displacement angle of cast-in-place structure were greater than that of the monolithic precast concrete structure. The aseismic parameters of the model structures could conform to the 3-level design requirement for the fortification against an earthquake.
引文
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[13]王维,李爱群,贾洪,等.预制混凝土剪力墙隔震结构振动台试验研究[J].建筑结构学报,2015,36(6):35―43.Wang Wei,Li Aiqun,Jia Hong,et al.Shaking table test of precast concrete shear wall isolation structure[J].Journal of Building Structures,2015,36(6):35―43.(in Chinese)
[14]张伟林,沈小璞,吴志新,等.叠合板式剪力墙T型、L型墙体抗震性能试验研究[J].工程力学,2012,29(6):196―201.Zhang Weilin,Shen Xiaopu,Wu Zhixin,et al.Experimental study of seismic performance on T and Ltypes superimposed-slab-shear-walls structure[J].Engineering Mechanics,2012,29(6):196―201.(in Chinese)
[15]Einea A,Salmon D C,Fogarasi G J,et al.State-of the-art of precast concrete sandwich panels[J].PCI Journal,1991,36(6):78―98.
[16]白国良,秦朝刚,徐亚洲,等.装配整体式剪力墙模型结构振动台试验研究[J].建筑结构学报,2018,39(2):17―27.Bai Guoliang,Qin Chaogang,Xu Yazhou,et al.Shaking table test on monolithic precast concrete shear wall model structure[J].Journal of Building Structures,2018,39(2):17―27.(in Chinese)
[17]周颖,吕西林.建筑结构振动台模型试验方法与技术[M].北京:科学出版社,2012:3―11.Zhou Ying,LüXilin.Shaking table model test method and technology of building structure[M].Beijing:Science Press,2012:3―11.(in Chinese)
[18]Buckingham E.On physical similar system;illustrations of the use of dimensional equations[J].Physical Review,1914,4(4):345―376.
[19]湖南大学,太原工业大学,福州大学.建筑结构试验[M].第二版.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1991:152―163.Hunan University,Taiyuan University of Technology,Fuzhou University.Building structure test[M].2nd ed.Beijing:China Architecture&Building Press,1991:152―163.(in Chinese)
[20]周颖,吕西林,卢文胜.不同结构的振动台试验模型等效设计方法[J].结构工程师,2006,22(4):37―40.Zhou Ying,LüXilin,Lu Wensheng.Shaking table test model design in different structures[J].Structural Engineers,2006,22(4):37―40.(in Chinese)
[21]钱稼茹,彭媛媛,张景明,等.竖向钢筋套筒浆锚连接的预制剪力墙抗震性能试验[J].建筑结构,2011,41(2):1―6.Qian Jiaru,Peng Yuanyuan,Zhang Jingming,et al.Tests on seismic behavior of precast shear walls with vertical reinforcements spliced by grout sleeves[J].Building Structure,2011,41(2):1―6.(in Chinese)
[22]郑永峰,郭正兴.变形灌浆套筒连接性能试验研究及有限元分析[J].建筑结构学报,2016,37(3):94―102.Zheng Yongfeng,Guo Zhengxing.Experimental study and finite element analysis on behavior of deformed gout-filled pipe splice[J].Journal of Building Structures,2016,37(3):94―102.(in Chinese)
[23]JGJ/T 101―2015,建筑抗震试验规程[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2015.JGJ/T 101―2015,Specification for seismic test of buildings[S].Beijing:China Architecture&Building Press,2015.(in Chinese)
[24]Chakrabarti S C,Nayak G C,Paul D K.Shear characteristics of cast-in-place vertical joints in story-high precast wall assembly[J].Structural Journal,1988,85(l):30―45.
[25]乔普拉(美).结构动力学:理论及其在地震工程中的应用[M].第二版.谢礼立,吕大刚,等译.北京:高等教育出版社,2007,59.Chopra A K.Dynamics of structure theory and applications to earthquake engineering[M].2nd ed.translated by Xie Lili,LüDagang,et al.Beijing:Higher Education Press,2007,59.(in Chinese)
[2]Priestley M J,Srithaaran S,Conley J R,et al.Preliminary results and conclusions from the PRESSS five-story precast concrete test building[J]:PCI Journal,1999,44(6):42―67.
[3]Oliva M G,ShahroozВM.Shaking table tests of wet jointed precast panel walls[C]//Proceedings of Eighth World Conference on Earthquake Engineering.San Francisco:Prentice-Hall,1984,6:717―724.
[4]Priestley M J.Direct displacement-based design of precast/prestressed concrete buildings[J].PCI Journal,2002,47(6):66―79.
[5]Holden T,Restrepo J,Mander J B.Seismic performance of precast reinforced and prestressed concrete walls[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,2003,129(3):286―296.
[6]JGJ 1-2014,装配式混凝土结构技术规程[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2014.JGJ 1-2014,Technical specification for precast concrete structures[S].Beijing:China Architecture&Building Press,2014.(in Chinese)
[7]陈云刚,刘佳斌,郭正兴,等.装配式剪力墙水平拼缝钢筋浆锚搭接抗震性能试验[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2013,45(6):83―89.Chen Yungang,Liu Jiabin,Guo Zhengxing,et al.Test on seismic performance of precast shear wall with reinforcements grouted in holes and spliced indirectly in horizontal connections[J].Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology,2013,45(6):83―89.(in Chinese)
[8]钱稼茹,彭媛媛,张景明,等.竖向钢筋套筒浆锚连接的预制剪力墙抗震性能试验[J].建筑结构,2011,41(2):1―6.Qian Jiaru,Peng Yuanyuan,Zhang Jingming,et al.Tests on seismic behavior of precast shear walls with vertical reinforcements spliced by grout sleeves[J].Building Structure,2011,41(2):1―6.(in Chinese)
[9]钱稼茹,杨新科,秦珩,等.竖向钢筋采用不同连接方法的预制钢筋混凝土剪力墙抗震性能试验[J].建筑结构学报,2011,32(6):51―59.Qian Jiaru,Yang Xinke,Qin Heng,et al.Tests on seismic behavior of precast shear walls with various methods of vertical reinforcement splicing[J].Journal of Building Structures,2011,32(6):51―59.(in Chinese)
[10]陈再现,姜洪斌,张家齐,等.预制钢筋混凝土剪力墙结构拟动力子结构试验研究[J].建筑结构学报,2011,32(6):41―50.Chen Zaixian,Jiang Hongbin,Zhang Jiaqi,et al.Pseudo-dynamic substructure test on precast reinforced concrete shear wall structure[J].Journal of Building Structures,2011,32(6):41―50.(in Chinese)
[11]尹之潜,朱玉莲,杨淑文,等.高层装配式大板结构模拟地震试验[J].土木工程学报,1996,29(3):57―64.Yin Zhiqian,Zhu Yulian,Yang Shuwen,et al.Earthquake simulation tests of tall buildings with precast large panel[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,1996,29(3):57―64.(in Chinese)
[12]钱稼茹,韩文龙,赵作周,等.钢筋套筒灌浆连接装配式剪力墙结构三层足尺模型子结构拟动力试验[J].建筑结构学报,2017,38(3):26―38.Qian Jiaru,Han Wenlong,Zhao Zuozhou,et al.Pseudo-dynamic substructure test on a 3-story full-scale model of prefabricated concrete shear wall structure with rebars splicing by grout sleeves[J].Journal of Building Structures,2017,38(3):26―38.(in Chinese)
[13]王维,李爱群,贾洪,等.预制混凝土剪力墙隔震结构振动台试验研究[J].建筑结构学报,2015,36(6):35―43.Wang Wei,Li Aiqun,Jia Hong,et al.Shaking table test of precast concrete shear wall isolation structure[J].Journal of Building Structures,2015,36(6):35―43.(in Chinese)
[14]张伟林,沈小璞,吴志新,等.叠合板式剪力墙T型、L型墙体抗震性能试验研究[J].工程力学,2012,29(6):196―201.Zhang Weilin,Shen Xiaopu,Wu Zhixin,et al.Experimental study of seismic performance on T and Ltypes superimposed-slab-shear-walls structure[J].Engineering Mechanics,2012,29(6):196―201.(in Chinese)
[15]Einea A,Salmon D C,Fogarasi G J,et al.State-of the-art of precast concrete sandwich panels[J].PCI Journal,1991,36(6):78―98.
[16]白国良,秦朝刚,徐亚洲,等.装配整体式剪力墙模型结构振动台试验研究[J].建筑结构学报,2018,39(2):17―27.Bai Guoliang,Qin Chaogang,Xu Yazhou,et al.Shaking table test on monolithic precast concrete shear wall model structure[J].Journal of Building Structures,2018,39(2):17―27.(in Chinese)
[17]周颖,吕西林.建筑结构振动台模型试验方法与技术[M].北京:科学出版社,2012:3―11.Zhou Ying,LüXilin.Shaking table model test method and technology of building structure[M].Beijing:Science Press,2012:3―11.(in Chinese)
[18]Buckingham E.On physical similar system;illustrations of the use of dimensional equations[J].Physical Review,1914,4(4):345―376.
[19]湖南大学,太原工业大学,福州大学.建筑结构试验[M].第二版.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1991:152―163.Hunan University,Taiyuan University of Technology,Fuzhou University.Building structure test[M].2nd ed.Beijing:China Architecture&Building Press,1991:152―163.(in Chinese)
[20]周颖,吕西林,卢文胜.不同结构的振动台试验模型等效设计方法[J].结构工程师,2006,22(4):37―40.Zhou Ying,LüXilin,Lu Wensheng.Shaking table test model design in different structures[J].Structural Engineers,2006,22(4):37―40.(in Chinese)
[21]钱稼茹,彭媛媛,张景明,等.竖向钢筋套筒浆锚连接的预制剪力墙抗震性能试验[J].建筑结构,2011,41(2):1―6.Qian Jiaru,Peng Yuanyuan,Zhang Jingming,et al.Tests on seismic behavior of precast shear walls with vertical reinforcements spliced by grout sleeves[J].Building Structure,2011,41(2):1―6.(in Chinese)
[22]郑永峰,郭正兴.变形灌浆套筒连接性能试验研究及有限元分析[J].建筑结构学报,2016,37(3):94―102.Zheng Yongfeng,Guo Zhengxing.Experimental study and finite element analysis on behavior of deformed gout-filled pipe splice[J].Journal of Building Structures,2016,37(3):94―102.(in Chinese)
[23]JGJ/T 101―2015,建筑抗震试验规程[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2015.JGJ/T 101―2015,Specification for seismic test of buildings[S].Beijing:China Architecture&Building Press,2015.(in Chinese)
[24]Chakrabarti S C,Nayak G C,Paul D K.Shear characteristics of cast-in-place vertical joints in story-high precast wall assembly[J].Structural Journal,1988,85(l):30―45.
[25]乔普拉(美).结构动力学:理论及其在地震工程中的应用[M].第二版.谢礼立,吕大刚,等译.北京:高等教育出版社,2007,59.Chopra A K.Dynamics of structure theory and applications to earthquake engineering[M].2nd ed.translated by Xie Lili,LüDagang,et al.Beijing:Higher Education Press,2007,59.(in Chinese)