482例农村女性乳腺癌筛查知信行现状及其影响因素
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摘要
目的了解承德农村适龄女性乳腺癌筛查知信行现状并分析其影响因素。方法便利选取482例40～70岁农村女性为调查对象,进行面对面问卷调查,内容包括一般人口学特征、乳腺癌相关知识、乳房自我检查(BSE)态度和乳腺癌筛查行为等。结果农村女性做过BSE比例仅为14.73%(71/482);接受过乳房B超或钼靶检查的比例仅为29.67%(143/482),且定期去医院进行乳房检查的人数只有22例[15.38%(22/143)]。449例(93.15%)希望接受乳腺健康知识宣教,289例(59.96%)农村女性更愿意通过电视或广播途径接受乳腺相关知识。BSE态度障碍平均得分为(15.20±3.77)分,持有BSE态度障碍(OR=0.863,95%CI:0.864～0.972)的女性不愿意行BSE;BSE自我效能平均得分为(16.60±3.78)分,而具有BSE行为自我效能(OR=1.384,95%CI:1.139～1.682)的女性易于行BSE。结论承德地区农村适龄女性的BSE比例与筛查率均较低,消除其BSE态度障碍且提高自检自我效能有益于提高乳房自检率。
Objective To investigate the knowledge,attitude and practice(KAP)status quo of breast cancer screening among rural women in Chengde,Hebei,and explore its influencing factors.Methods 482 rural women aged from 40 to 70 were selected to fill up the face-to-face questionnaire.It included general demographic characteristics,breast cancer related knowledge,breast self-examination(BSE)attitude and breast cancer screening behavior.Results The proportion of BSE among these rural women was only 14.73%(71/482).The proportion of the breast ultrasound or mammography experience was 29.67%(143/482),and only22[15.38%(22/143)]women went to hospital regularly for breast examination.449(93.15%)rural women would like to receive breast health education,and 289(59.96%)of them preferred to receive breast health education through TV or radio channels.The everage score of BSE attitude disorder was(15.20±3.77).Women with attitude disorder for BSE(OR=0.863,95%CI:0.864-0.972)were reluctant to have BSE.The average score of BSE self-efficacy was(16.60±3.78)Women with self-efficacy for BSE(OR=1.384,95%CI:1.139-1.682)were likely to have BSE.Conclusion There was a low proportion of BSE and breast screening in Chengde,Hebei.It would be beneficial to improve the proportion of BSE by eliminating the attitude disorder for BSE and improving the self-efficacy.
Objective To investigate the knowledge,attitude and practice(KAP)status quo of breast cancer screening among rural women in Chengde,Hebei,and explore its influencing factors.Methods 482 rural women aged from 40 to 70 were selected to fill up the face-to-face questionnaire.It included general demographic characteristics,breast cancer related knowledge,breast self-examination(BSE)attitude and breast cancer screening behavior.Results The proportion of BSE among these rural women was only 14.73%(71/482).The proportion of the breast ultrasound or mammography experience was 29.67%(143/482),and only22[15.38%(22/143)]women went to hospital regularly for breast examination.449(93.15%)rural women would like to receive breast health education,and 289(59.96%)of them preferred to receive breast health education through TV or radio channels.The everage score of BSE attitude disorder was(15.20±3.77).Women with attitude disorder for BSE(OR=0.863,95%CI:0.864-0.972)were reluctant to have BSE.The average score of BSE self-efficacy was(16.60±3.78)Women with self-efficacy for BSE(OR=1.384,95%CI:1.139-1.682)were likely to have BSE.Conclusion There was a low proportion of BSE and breast screening in Chengde,Hebei.It would be beneficial to improve the proportion of BSE by eliminating the attitude disorder for BSE and improving the self-efficacy.
引文
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[2]CHEN W Q,ZHENG R S,BAADE P D,et al.Cancer statistics in China,2015[J].CA Cancer J Clin,2016,66(2):115-132.
[3]YUAN X M,WANG N,OUYANG T,et al.Current status of diagnosis and treatment of primary breast cancer in Beijing,2008[J].Chin J Cancer Res,2011,23(1):38-42.
[4]中国抗癌协会乳腺癌专业委员会.中国抗癌协会乳腺癌诊治指南与规范(2015版)[J].中国癌症杂志,2015,25(9):692-754.
[5]吴旦平,张红丹,符炜,等.乳腺癌筛查在我国农村妇女早期乳腺癌诊断中的作用及知信行现状分析[J].中国医药导报,2015,12(17):35-37,46.
[6]王双艳,吕静,罗蒙,等.吉林省农村中年女性乳腺癌及乳房自我检查认知状况调查[J].中西医结合护理(中英文),2017,3(11):34-37.
[7]王双艳,吕静,王楠,等.长春市中年女性乳腺癌及乳房自我检查认知状况调查[J].长春中医药大学学报,2016,32(4):834-836.
[8]傅华,施榕,张竞超,等.健康教育学[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2017:8.
[9]成娟,王晶,丁兰君,等.天津市社区女性乳房自检情况及其相关因素分析[J].现代预防医学,2017,44(16):2963-2967.
[10]李娜.新疆哈萨克族、维吾尔族、汉族农村妇女乳腺癌筛查知信行及影响因素调查[D].乌鲁木齐:新疆医科大学,2016.
[11]吕学波,周英.上海市嘉定区农村女性乳腺保健相关知识、态度和行为调查[J].当代护士(上旬刊),2017,4(4):24-25.
[12]陈晓锋,孔丽华,金承刚,等.危险感知与效益认知对农村妇女乳房自检频次的影响[J].中国妇幼保健,2014,29(15):2414-2416.
[13]TASTAN S,IYIGN E,KILIC A,et al.Health Beliefs Concerning Breast Self-examination of Nurses in Turkey[J].Asian Nurs Res,2011,5(3):151-156.
[14]胡洁蔓,杨蕊,王桂茹.以健康信念模式探讨女大学生乳房自检行为及其影响因素[J].中国妇幼保健,2016,31(11):2369-2372.
[15]DIDARLOO A,NABILOU B,KHALKHALI H R.Psychosocial predictors of breast self-examination behavior among female students:an application of the health belief model using logistic regression[J].Bmc Public Health,2017,17(1):1-8.