一种单晶高温合金的持久断裂行为
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摘要
研究了一种单晶高温合金在不同试验温度和加载应力下的持久性能、失效机制和组织演变特征。结果表明:合金标准热处理后获得立方化较好的γ'相组织,在不同试验条件下都具有良好的持久性能。在相同加载应力下,随着试验温度升高,合金的持久寿命降低。760℃/800 MPa条件下的持久断裂为类解理断裂,980℃/250 MPa、1070℃/140 MPa、1100℃/140 MPa和1120℃/140 MPa的持久断裂为韧窝断裂,而850℃/550 MPa下的持久断裂为混合断裂机制。在760℃/800 MPa下持久断裂后,γ'相形状不变,但γ相通道沿垂直应力方向变大,沿平行应力方向变小。其它持久条件下都形成了筏排结构,随着温度的增加其厚度变大。在760℃/800 MPa、850℃/550 MPa和980℃/250 MPa条件下,没有发现析出TCP相,而在1070℃/140 MPa、1100℃/140 MPa和1120℃/140 MPa条件下,有少量针状的TCP相沿一定方向析出,主要含有Re、W、Mo等元素。
Stress rupture properties,failure mechanism and microstructure evolution of a single supercrystal alloy was investigated with different test conditions. The results show that the cubical γ' phase is obtained after standard heat treatment. The alloy has excellent stress rupture properties at the different conditions and the stress rupture life of the alloy decreases with the increase of tested temperature at the same stress. The fracture mechanism of the alloy at 760 ℃ /800 MPa shows quasi-cleavage and the fracture mechanism at 980 ℃ /250 MPa,1070 ℃ /140 MPa,1100 ℃ /140 MPa and 1120 ℃ /140 MPa are all dimple mode,while the fracture mechanism at 850 ℃ /550 MPa shows quasi-cleavage and dimple mixture mode. Nearly no change of γ' precipitate morphology occurs at the condition of 760 ℃ /800 MPa while the passages of γ phase become larger along vertical stress direction and become smaller along parallel stress direction and the rafting microstructure forms at other conditions. The thickness of γ phase increases with the increase of tested temperature. No TCP phase precipitates in the specimens at 760 ℃ /800 MPa,850 ℃ /550 MPa and 980 ℃ /250 MPa. A little needle shaped TCP phase precipitates along certain direction in the specimens tested at 1070 ℃ /140 MPa,1100 ℃ /140 MPa and 1120 ℃ /140 MPa. The TCP phase is main composed of Re,W and Mo element.
Stress rupture properties,failure mechanism and microstructure evolution of a single supercrystal alloy was investigated with different test conditions. The results show that the cubical γ' phase is obtained after standard heat treatment. The alloy has excellent stress rupture properties at the different conditions and the stress rupture life of the alloy decreases with the increase of tested temperature at the same stress. The fracture mechanism of the alloy at 760 ℃ /800 MPa shows quasi-cleavage and the fracture mechanism at 980 ℃ /250 MPa,1070 ℃ /140 MPa,1100 ℃ /140 MPa and 1120 ℃ /140 MPa are all dimple mode,while the fracture mechanism at 850 ℃ /550 MPa shows quasi-cleavage and dimple mixture mode. Nearly no change of γ' precipitate morphology occurs at the condition of 760 ℃ /800 MPa while the passages of γ phase become larger along vertical stress direction and become smaller along parallel stress direction and the rafting microstructure forms at other conditions. The thickness of γ phase increases with the increase of tested temperature. No TCP phase precipitates in the specimens at 760 ℃ /800 MPa,850 ℃ /550 MPa and 980 ℃ /250 MPa. A little needle shaped TCP phase precipitates along certain direction in the specimens tested at 1070 ℃ /140 MPa,1100 ℃ /140 MPa and 1120 ℃ /140 MPa. The TCP phase is main composed of Re,W and Mo element.
引文
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[2]Argence D,Vemault C,Desvallces Y,et al.MC-NG:Generation single crystal superalloy for future aeronautical turbine blades and vanes[C]//Superalloys 2000.Warrendale,TMS,2000:829-837.
[3]Walston S,Cetel A,Mackay R,et al.Joint development of a fourth generation single crystal superalloy[C]//Superalloys.Warrendale,TMS,2004:15-24.
[4]Walston W S,O'Hara K S,Ross E W,et al.RenéN6:Third generation single crystal superalloy[C]//Superalloys.Warrendale,TMS,1996:27-34.
[5]张姝,田素贵,于慧臣,等.[011]取向镍基单晶合金在压应力蠕变的组织演化与有限元分析[J].稀有金属材料与工程,2013,42(4):712-717.Zhang Shu,Tian Sugui,Yu Huichen,et al.Microstructure evolution and FEM analysis of[011]oriented single crystal of a Nickel-based superalloy during compression creep[J].Rare Metal Materials and Engineering,2013,42(4):712-717.
[6]Zhang J X,Murakumo T,Koizumi Y,et al.Interfacial dislocation networks strengthening a fourth-generation single-crystal TMS-138superalloy[J].Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A,2002,33(12):3741-3746.
[7]Tian S,Zeng Z,Liang F,et al.Creep behavior of a 4.5%-Re single crystal nickel-based superalloy at intermediate temperatures[J].Materials Science and Engineering A,2012,543(5):104-109.
[8]Acharya M V,Fuchs G E.The effect of long-term thermal exposures on the microstructure and properties of CMSX-10 single crystal Ni-base superalloys[J].Materials Science and Engineering A,2004,381(s 1/2):143-153.
[9]Shi Z X,Liu S Z,Li J R.Stress rupture properties and fracture behavior of DD6 single crystal superalloy at different conditions[J].Materials Science Forum,2016,849:468-474.
[10]Wan J S,Yue Z F.A low-cycle fatigue life model of nickel-based single crystal superalloys under multiaxial stress state[J].Materials Science and Engineering A,2005,392(1/2):145-149.
[11]丁智平,刘义伦,尹泽勇.镍基单晶高温合金蠕变-疲劳寿命评估方法进展[J].机械强度,2003,25(3):254-259.Ding Zhiping,Liu Yilun,Yin Zeyong.Development evaluating method of creep development on evaluating method of creep fatigue life creepfatigue life of single crystal Nickel-based superalloys[J].Journal of Mechanical Strength,2003,25(3):254-259.
[12]刘丽荣,金涛,赵乃仁,等.一种Ni基单晶高温合金[001]方向的持久性能与断裂行为[J].金属学报,2006,40(8):858-862.Liu Lirong,Jin Tao,Zhao Nairen,et al.Stress rupture properties and fracture behavior of a Ni base single crystal superalloy along[001]direction[J].Acta Metallurgica Sinica,2006,40(8):858-862.
[13]Pearson D D,Lemkey F D,Kear B H.Stress coarsening ofγ'and its influence on creep properties of a single crystal superalloy[C]//Superalloys.Warrrendale,TMS,1984:513-519.
[14]Hino T,Kobayashi T,Koizumi Y,et al.Development of a new single crystal superalloy for industrial gas turbines[C]//Superalloys.Warrendale,TMS,2000:729-736.
[15]Fredholn A,Strudel J L.On the creep resistance of some Nickel base single crystal superalloy[C]//Superalloys.Warrrendale,TMS,1984:211-220.
[16]Tian S,Zhang J,Zhou H,et al.Aspects of primary creep of a single crystal nickel-base superalloy[J].Materials Science and Engineering A,1999,262(1/2):271-278.
[17]Neumeier S,Pyczak F,Gken M.The influence of Ruthenium and Rhenium on the local properties of theγ-andγ'-phase in Nickel-base superalloys and their consequences for alloy behavior[C]//Superalloys.Warrrendale,TMS,2008:109-110.
[18]Rae C M F,Karunaratne M S A,Small C J,et al.Topologically close packed phases in an experimental Rhenium-containing single crystal superalloy[C]//Superalloys.Warrendale,TMS,2000:767-777.
[19]Shi Z X,Li J R,Liu S Z,et al.Effect of Ru on stress rupture properties of nickel-based single crystal superalloy at high temperature[J].Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,2012,22(9):2106-2111.