盾构隧道错缝拼装管片衬砌局部原型结构破坏试验
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摘要
为探明盾构隧道管片衬砌的局部破坏特性,定量评价结构的安全状态,选取考虑前后环错缝拼装组合的原型管片结构局部构件进行加载试验研究。详述结构裂缝的发展、主应力的分布、螺栓的受力与管片内力、变形以及接缝张开、错台的关系,揭示结构的破坏机理,并采用数值计算对试验结果进行验证。研究结果表明:结构初始裂缝出现在中间环内弧面靠近相邻环接缝处,并发展成为最终破坏的主裂缝。在恒定截面轴压比、增大偏心距的加载方式下,结构中部为压弯破坏,两侧为压剪破坏。试件接缝并未发生破坏,张开量较小,错台量较大,手孔附近应力集中较为严重。错缝构件的破坏机理可归纳为:结构刚度较大的区域首先开裂,导致整体刚度重分布,之后刚度较大的区域继续开裂,如此循环,直至结构变形过大发生破坏。可将裂缝宽度、接缝错台量与控制截面竖向位移作为结构安全的评价指标。
In order to investigate the local failure characteristics of segmental lining for shield tunnel and quantitatively evaluate the safety state of the structure, a local prototype test was carried out on a staggered assembled segmental lining. The relationships between crack development, stress distribution and bolt internal force to structural internal force and deformation, joint opening and dislocation were described in detail. The failure mechanism of the structure was thus analyzed and the test results were verified by the numerical calculated ones. The results show that the initial crack in the structure appears at the middle ring close to the longitudinal joint of the adjacent ring, and develops into the main crack at final damage. The compression-flexure failure occurs in the middle of the structure and the compressive shear failure occurs at both ends of the structure when the axial compression ratio of control section remains constant and bending moment increases. There is no damage to the joints, the joint opening is smaller but the dislocation is larger. The stress concentrations near the hand hole are serious. The failure mechanism is found to be caused by cracking in the region where the stiffness is relatively larger. In addition, the cracking results in the redistribution of the overall stiffness of the structure,and subsequently the region with the greatest stiffness continues to crack, repeating the cycle until the structure is damaged with excessive deformation. Moreover, the crack width, joint dislocation and vertical displacement of control section can be taken as the evaluation indexes of structural safety.
In order to investigate the local failure characteristics of segmental lining for shield tunnel and quantitatively evaluate the safety state of the structure, a local prototype test was carried out on a staggered assembled segmental lining. The relationships between crack development, stress distribution and bolt internal force to structural internal force and deformation, joint opening and dislocation were described in detail. The failure mechanism of the structure was thus analyzed and the test results were verified by the numerical calculated ones. The results show that the initial crack in the structure appears at the middle ring close to the longitudinal joint of the adjacent ring, and develops into the main crack at final damage. The compression-flexure failure occurs in the middle of the structure and the compressive shear failure occurs at both ends of the structure when the axial compression ratio of control section remains constant and bending moment increases. There is no damage to the joints, the joint opening is smaller but the dislocation is larger. The stress concentrations near the hand hole are serious. The failure mechanism is found to be caused by cracking in the region where the stiffness is relatively larger. In addition, the cracking results in the redistribution of the overall stiffness of the structure,and subsequently the region with the greatest stiffness continues to crack, repeating the cycle until the structure is damaged with excessive deformation. Moreover, the crack width, joint dislocation and vertical displacement of control section can be taken as the evaluation indexes of structural safety.
引文
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[2](日)土木学会.盾构隧道管片设计:从容许应力设计法到极限状态设计法[M].官林星译.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2012(JSCE.Shield tunnel segment design:from the allowable stress design method to the limit state design method[M].Translated by Guan Linxing.Beijing:China Architecture&Building Press,2012(in Chinese))
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[5]夏松林.狮子洋隧道通缝式拼装管片衬砌结构的原型试验研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2010(Xia Songlin.Proto-type test of lining structure of segment rings with straight joints for Shiziyang tunnel[D].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University,2010(in Chinese))
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[7]鲁亮,孙越峰,柳献,等.地铁盾构隧道足尺整环结构极限承载能力试验研究[J].结构工程师,2012,28(6):134-139(Lu Liang,Sun Yuefeng,Liu Xian,et al.Full-ring experimental study on the ultimate bearing capacity of the lining structure of the metro shield tunnel[J].Structural Engineers,2012,28(6):134-139(in Chinese))
[8]毕湘利,柳献,王秀志,等.通缝拼装盾构隧道结构极限承载力的足尺试验研究[J].土木工程学报,2014,47(10):117-127(Bi Xiangli,Liu Xian,Wang Xiuzhi,et al.Experimental investigation on the ultimate bearing capacity of continuous-jointed segmental tunnel linings[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2014,47(10):117-127(in Chinese))
[9]毕湘利,柳献,王秀志,等.内张钢圈加固盾构隧道结构极限承载力的足尺试验研究[J].土木工程学报,2014,47(11):128-137(Bi Xiangli,Liu Xian,Wang Xiuzhi,et al.Experimental study on the ultimate load-bearing capacity of deformed segmental tunnel linings strengthened by steel plates[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2014,47(11):128-137(in Chinese))
[10]柳献,张浩立,唐敏,等.内张钢圈加固盾构隧道结构承载能力的试验研究-半环加固法[J].现代隧道技术,2014,51(3):131-137(Liu Xian,Zhang Haoli,Tang Min,et al.Experimental study of the ultimate bearing capacity of a shield tunnel reinforced by a semi-ring steel plate[J].Modern Tunnelling Technology,2014,51(3):131-137(in Chinese))
[11]柳献,唐敏,鲁亮,等.内张钢圈加固盾构隧道结构承载能力的试验研究-整环加固法[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2013,32(11):2300-2306(Liu Xian,Tang Min,Lu Liang,et al.Experimental study of ultimate bearing capacity of shield tunnel reinforced by full-ring steel plate[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2013,32(11):2300-2306(in Chinese))
[12]柳献,张乐乐,李刚,等.复合腔体加固盾构隧道结构承载能力的试验研究[J].城市轨道交通研究,2015,18(7):52-57(Liu Xian,Zhang Lele,Li Gang,et al.Experimental study on the ultimate bearing capacity of shieldtunnel composite cavity reinforcement[J].Urban Mass Transit,2015,18(7):52-57(in Chinese))
[13]叶宇航,黄德中,李刚,等.类矩形盾构隧道衬砌结构极限承载力足尺试验研究[J].现代隧道技术,2016(s1):124-133(Ye Yuhang,Huang Dezhong,Li Gang,et al.Full-scale experimental study on the ultimate bearing capacity of quasi-rectangular shield tunnel lining[J].Modern Tunnelling Technology,2016(s1):124-133(in Chinese))
[14]Jorg Schreyer,Dieter Winselman.Suitability tests for the lining for the 4th Elbe Tunnel Tube-Results of large-scale tests[J].Tunnel,2000(1):34-44
[15]兰学平,鲁亮,刘利惠.超大隧道衬砌管片接头力学性能试验研究[J].结构工程师,2009,25(5):114-118Lan Xueping,Lu Liang,Liu Lihui.Experimental study on mechanical properties for segment joints of super tunnel lining[J].Structural Engineers,2009,25(5):114-118(in Chinese))
[16]朱合华,黄伯麒,李晓军,等.盾构衬砌管片接头内力-变形统一模型及试验分析[J].岩土工程学报,2014,36(12):2153-2160(Zhu Hehua,Huang Boqi,Li Xiaojun,et al.Unified model for internal force and deformation of shield segment joints and experimental analysis[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2014,36(12):2153-2160(in Chinese))
[17]闫治国,彭益成,丁文其,等.青草沙水源地原水工程输水隧道单层衬砌管片接头荷载试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2011,33(9):1385-1390(Yan Zhiguo,Peng Yicheng,Ding Wenqi,et al.Load tests on segment joints of single lining structure of shield tunnel in Qingcaosha Water Conveyance Project[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2011,33(9):1385-1390(in Chinese))
[18]刘建航,侯学渊.盾构法隧道[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,1991(Liu Jianhang,Hou Xueyuan.Shield tunnel[M].Beijing:China Railway Publishing House,1991(in Chinese))
[19]邱月,何川,封坤,等.盾构隧道管片衬砌拼装效应局部原型结构加载试验[J].中国公路学报,2017,30(8):156-163(Qiu Yue,He Chuan,Feng Kun,et al.Local prototype loading test on segmental lining structure of shield tunnel under assembling effect[J].China Journal of Highway and Transport,2017,30(8):156-163(in Chinese))
[20]张厚美,傅德明,过迟.盾构隧道管片接头荷载试验研究[J].现代隧道技术,2002,39(6):28-33(Zhang Houmei,Fu Deming,Guo Chi.Study on load test of segment joint in shield driven tunnel[J].Modern Tunnelling Technology,2002,39(6):28-33(in Chinese))
[21]GB 50010-2010混凝土结构设计规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2015(GB 50010-2010 Code for design of concrete structures[S].Beijing:China Architecture&Building Press,2015(in Chinese))
[2](日)土木学会.盾构隧道管片设计:从容许应力设计法到极限状态设计法[M].官林星译.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2012(JSCE.Shield tunnel segment design:from the allowable stress design method to the limit state design method[M].Translated by Guan Linxing.Beijing:China Architecture&Building Press,2012(in Chinese))
[3]何川,封坤,晏启祥,等.水下盾构法铁路隧道管片衬砌结构的原型加载试验研究[J].中国工程科学,2012,14(10):65-72(He Chuan,Feng Kun,Yan Qixiang,et al.Prototype test study on mechanical characteristics of segmental lining structure of underwater railway shield tunnel[J].Engineering Sciences,2012,14(10):65-72(in Chinese))
[4]封坤,何川,苏宗贤.南京长江隧道原型管片结构破坏试验研究[J].西南交通大学学报,2011,46(4):564-571(Feng Kun,He Chuan,Su Zongxian.Prototype test on failure characteristics of segmental lining structure for Nanjing Yangtze River Tunnel[J].Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University,2011,46(4):564-571(in Chinese))
[5]夏松林.狮子洋隧道通缝式拼装管片衬砌结构的原型试验研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2010(Xia Songlin.Proto-type test of lining structure of segment rings with straight joints for Shiziyang tunnel[D].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University,2010(in Chinese))
[6]邹育麟.狮子洋水下盾构隧道错缝式拼装管片衬砌结构的原型试验[D].成都:西南交通大学,2010(Zou Yulin.Proto-type test of lining structure of segment rings with staggered joints for Shiziyang underwater shield tunnel[D].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University,2010(in Chinese))
[7]鲁亮,孙越峰,柳献,等.地铁盾构隧道足尺整环结构极限承载能力试验研究[J].结构工程师,2012,28(6):134-139(Lu Liang,Sun Yuefeng,Liu Xian,et al.Full-ring experimental study on the ultimate bearing capacity of the lining structure of the metro shield tunnel[J].Structural Engineers,2012,28(6):134-139(in Chinese))
[8]毕湘利,柳献,王秀志,等.通缝拼装盾构隧道结构极限承载力的足尺试验研究[J].土木工程学报,2014,47(10):117-127(Bi Xiangli,Liu Xian,Wang Xiuzhi,et al.Experimental investigation on the ultimate bearing capacity of continuous-jointed segmental tunnel linings[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2014,47(10):117-127(in Chinese))
[9]毕湘利,柳献,王秀志,等.内张钢圈加固盾构隧道结构极限承载力的足尺试验研究[J].土木工程学报,2014,47(11):128-137(Bi Xiangli,Liu Xian,Wang Xiuzhi,et al.Experimental study on the ultimate load-bearing capacity of deformed segmental tunnel linings strengthened by steel plates[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2014,47(11):128-137(in Chinese))
[10]柳献,张浩立,唐敏,等.内张钢圈加固盾构隧道结构承载能力的试验研究-半环加固法[J].现代隧道技术,2014,51(3):131-137(Liu Xian,Zhang Haoli,Tang Min,et al.Experimental study of the ultimate bearing capacity of a shield tunnel reinforced by a semi-ring steel plate[J].Modern Tunnelling Technology,2014,51(3):131-137(in Chinese))
[11]柳献,唐敏,鲁亮,等.内张钢圈加固盾构隧道结构承载能力的试验研究-整环加固法[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2013,32(11):2300-2306(Liu Xian,Tang Min,Lu Liang,et al.Experimental study of ultimate bearing capacity of shield tunnel reinforced by full-ring steel plate[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2013,32(11):2300-2306(in Chinese))
[12]柳献,张乐乐,李刚,等.复合腔体加固盾构隧道结构承载能力的试验研究[J].城市轨道交通研究,2015,18(7):52-57(Liu Xian,Zhang Lele,Li Gang,et al.Experimental study on the ultimate bearing capacity of shieldtunnel composite cavity reinforcement[J].Urban Mass Transit,2015,18(7):52-57(in Chinese))
[13]叶宇航,黄德中,李刚,等.类矩形盾构隧道衬砌结构极限承载力足尺试验研究[J].现代隧道技术,2016(s1):124-133(Ye Yuhang,Huang Dezhong,Li Gang,et al.Full-scale experimental study on the ultimate bearing capacity of quasi-rectangular shield tunnel lining[J].Modern Tunnelling Technology,2016(s1):124-133(in Chinese))
[14]Jorg Schreyer,Dieter Winselman.Suitability tests for the lining for the 4th Elbe Tunnel Tube-Results of large-scale tests[J].Tunnel,2000(1):34-44
[15]兰学平,鲁亮,刘利惠.超大隧道衬砌管片接头力学性能试验研究[J].结构工程师,2009,25(5):114-118Lan Xueping,Lu Liang,Liu Lihui.Experimental study on mechanical properties for segment joints of super tunnel lining[J].Structural Engineers,2009,25(5):114-118(in Chinese))
[16]朱合华,黄伯麒,李晓军,等.盾构衬砌管片接头内力-变形统一模型及试验分析[J].岩土工程学报,2014,36(12):2153-2160(Zhu Hehua,Huang Boqi,Li Xiaojun,et al.Unified model for internal force and deformation of shield segment joints and experimental analysis[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2014,36(12):2153-2160(in Chinese))
[17]闫治国,彭益成,丁文其,等.青草沙水源地原水工程输水隧道单层衬砌管片接头荷载试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2011,33(9):1385-1390(Yan Zhiguo,Peng Yicheng,Ding Wenqi,et al.Load tests on segment joints of single lining structure of shield tunnel in Qingcaosha Water Conveyance Project[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2011,33(9):1385-1390(in Chinese))
[18]刘建航,侯学渊.盾构法隧道[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,1991(Liu Jianhang,Hou Xueyuan.Shield tunnel[M].Beijing:China Railway Publishing House,1991(in Chinese))
[19]邱月,何川,封坤,等.盾构隧道管片衬砌拼装效应局部原型结构加载试验[J].中国公路学报,2017,30(8):156-163(Qiu Yue,He Chuan,Feng Kun,et al.Local prototype loading test on segmental lining structure of shield tunnel under assembling effect[J].China Journal of Highway and Transport,2017,30(8):156-163(in Chinese))
[20]张厚美,傅德明,过迟.盾构隧道管片接头荷载试验研究[J].现代隧道技术,2002,39(6):28-33(Zhang Houmei,Fu Deming,Guo Chi.Study on load test of segment joint in shield driven tunnel[J].Modern Tunnelling Technology,2002,39(6):28-33(in Chinese))
[21]GB 50010-2010混凝土结构设计规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2015(GB 50010-2010 Code for design of concrete structures[S].Beijing:China Architecture&Building Press,2015(in Chinese))