河南不同地区赤霞珠葡萄表皮酵母菌多样性研究
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摘要
该研究采用富集分离方法,从河南省内不同地区(安阳、长垣和漯河)葡萄种植园的赤霞珠葡萄表皮分离酵母菌,并利用分子生物学技术结合形态观察对菌株进行鉴定。结果表明,共分离得到193株酵母菌,为10种表型,且被鉴定为4个属6个种,分别为仙人掌有孢汉逊酵母(Hanseniaspora opuntiae)、葡萄有孢汉逊酵母(Hanseniaspora uvarum)、陆生伊萨酵母(Issatchenkia terricola)、橡树假丝酵母(Candida quercitrusa)、葡萄酒有孢汉生酵母(Hanseniaspora vineae)和Pichia terricola。其中,H. opuntiae和H. uvarum分布范围广,且漯河地区所蕴含的酵母菌种类最多。不同地区的赤霞珠葡萄表皮蕴含着多种类型的酵母菌资源,且不同地区的酵母菌种类及数目上的分布存在一定差异。
Yeasts were isolated from the skin of Cabernet Sauvignon grape that cultured in different regions(Anyang, Changyuan and Luohe) in Henan province by enrichment and separation method, and identified by molecular biological technology combined with morphological observation. The results showed that a total of 193 yeasts were isolated, divided into 10 phenotypes, and identified as 6 species of 4 genera, including Hanseniaspora opuntiae,Hanseniaspora uvarum, Issatchenkia terricola, Candida quercitrusa, Hanseniaspora vineae and Pichia terricola. Among them, the H. opuntiae and H. uvarum had a wide distribution range, and the yeast species were most in Luohe region. There were various types of yeast resources on the skin of Cabernet Sauvignon in different regions, and there were some differences in the distribution of yeast species and numbers in different regions.
Yeasts were isolated from the skin of Cabernet Sauvignon grape that cultured in different regions(Anyang, Changyuan and Luohe) in Henan province by enrichment and separation method, and identified by molecular biological technology combined with morphological observation. The results showed that a total of 193 yeasts were isolated, divided into 10 phenotypes, and identified as 6 species of 4 genera, including Hanseniaspora opuntiae,Hanseniaspora uvarum, Issatchenkia terricola, Candida quercitrusa, Hanseniaspora vineae and Pichia terricola. Among them, the H. opuntiae and H. uvarum had a wide distribution range, and the yeast species were most in Luohe region. There were various types of yeast resources on the skin of Cabernet Sauvignon in different regions, and there were some differences in the distribution of yeast species and numbers in different regions.
引文
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[2]张春芝,江志国.微生物对葡萄酒香气的影响综述[J].中国酿造,2013,32(9):28-31.
[3]孙炜宁,张巧格,李兴兴,等.葡萄酒酿造过程中微生物多样性的研究现状[J].食品研究与开发,2014(18):365-368.
[4]张众,顾沛雯,张军翔,等.葡萄酒病害相关酵母的分离与鉴定[J].中国酿造,2017,36(10):56-60.
[5]张俊杰,杨旭,郭晨,等.不同株系梅鹿辄葡萄果皮酵母菌的分离鉴定与差异分析[J].酿酒科技,2016(10):22-26.
[6]史涛涛.云南德钦产区冰葡萄自然发酵过程中酵母的动态变化以及优良酿酒酵母的筛选[D].济南:齐鲁工业大学,2013.
[7]NIKOLAOU E,SOUFLEROS E H,BOULOUMPASI E,et al.Selection of indigenous Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains according to their oenological characteristics and vinification results[J].Food Microbiol,2006,23(2):205-211.
[8]王志恒,冯翠娥,王冲,等.宁夏玉泉营地区酿酒葡萄酵母菌的分离筛选及分子鉴定[J].中国酿造,2018,37(1):112-115.
[9]JEMEC K P,RASPOR P.Initial Saccharomyces cerevisiae concentration in single or composite cultures dictates bioprocess kinetics[J].Food Microbiol,2005,22(4):293-300.
[10]MERCADO L,DALCERO A MASUELLI R,et al.Diversity of Saccharomyces strains on grapes and winery surfaces:Analysis of their contribution to fermentative flora of Malbec wine from Mendoza(Argentina)during two consecutive years[J].Food Microbiol,2007,24(4):403-412.
[11]巴尼特.酵母菌的特征与鉴定手册[M].青岛:海洋大学出版社,1991:17-28.
[12]张纪忠.微生物分类学[M].上海:复旦大学出版社,1990:377-388.
[13]张鹰,曾新安,温其标.脉冲电场处理对酿酒酵母细胞膜的影响[J].陕西科技大学学报,2006(6):28-33.
[14]GIAEVER G,ANGLA M,CHU L N,et al.Functional profiling of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae genome[J].Nature,2002,418(6896):387-391.
[15]FRUTOS R D L,FERN魣NDEZ-ESPINAR M T,QUEROL A.Identification of species of the genus Candida by analysis of the 5.8S r RNA gene and the two ribosomal internal transcribed spacers[J].Anton Leeuw,2004,85(3):175-185.
[16]FELL J W,BOCKHOUT T,FONSECA A.Biodiversity and systematics of basidiomycetous yeasts as determined by large-subunit r DNA D1/D2domain sequence analysis[J].Int J Syst Evol Microbiol,2010,50(3):1351-1371.
[17]王卫国,张仟伟,赵永亮,等.酿酒酵母的选育及其应用研究进展[J].河南工业大学学报,2015,36(6):105-111.
[18]张俊杰,杨旭,焦健,等.不同株系赤霞珠葡萄表皮酵母菌的多样性研究[J].中国酿造,2017,36(6):126-130.
[19]贾春凤,贾志军,朱维红,等.红提葡萄酒发酵酵母菌的分离纯化及耐受性研究[J].中国酿造,2016,35(6):80-84.
[20]刘爱国.宁夏贺兰山东麓葡萄酿酒酵母菌的分离及其分类鉴定[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2008.