挡烟垂壁对长通道顶棚温度分布的影响研究
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摘要
为提高长通道内部挡烟性能,揭示挡烟垂壁在长通道烟流控制中的作用,利用数值模拟方法研究挡烟垂壁与火源的距离分别为4.2、6、9、12 m,垂壁高度在0.3~0.9 m时顶棚附近烟气温度纵向分布;拟合模拟数据得出挡烟垂壁位置与高度综合影响下长通道挡烟垂壁下游温度纵向分布预测公式,并通过1∶5小尺寸通道火灾试验对预测公式进行验证。结果表明:挡烟垂壁对其上下游烟气温度分布的影响分别表现为减缓衰减与加速衰减2种效果;随着垂高的增加,垂壁上游温升值增大,下游温升值减小,且下游温度衰减速率与垂壁高度有线性关系;挡烟垂壁离火源越远,烟气温度纵向衰减越慢,高温危险区域越大;试验温度数据与公式预测值二者吻合较好,验证了数值模型的有效性。
In order to improve the smoke blocking performance,and reveal the role of smoke barrier in smoke control of long channel,numerical simulations were carried out.The distribution of hot smoke temperature near the ceiling was studied with the distance between smoke barrier and fire source being4.2,6,9 and 12 m,respectively,as well as the height of the smoke barrier varying within the range of0-0.9 m.A longitudinal temperature distribution predictory formula was obtained for smoke flow in downstream of smoke barrier through the data fitting method.The formula was validated by 1 ∶ 5 scale channel fire experiments.Results show that the influences of the smoke barrier on the attenuation of the smoke temperatures in the upstream and downstream are respectively slow attenuation and accelerated attenuation,that with the increase of the barrier height,the temperature rise increases in the upstream region,while decreases in the downstream region,that height of the smoke barrier and the attenuation rate of the downstream temperature has a linear relationship,that the farther away from the fire source,the larger the dangerous range of high temperature smoke will be,and that the formula prediction results conform with the temperature data measured,which demonstrates the effectiveness of the reliability of the simulation model.
In order to improve the smoke blocking performance,and reveal the role of smoke barrier in smoke control of long channel,numerical simulations were carried out.The distribution of hot smoke temperature near the ceiling was studied with the distance between smoke barrier and fire source being4.2,6,9 and 12 m,respectively,as well as the height of the smoke barrier varying within the range of0-0.9 m.A longitudinal temperature distribution predictory formula was obtained for smoke flow in downstream of smoke barrier through the data fitting method.The formula was validated by 1 ∶ 5 scale channel fire experiments.Results show that the influences of the smoke barrier on the attenuation of the smoke temperatures in the upstream and downstream are respectively slow attenuation and accelerated attenuation,that with the increase of the barrier height,the temperature rise increases in the upstream region,while decreases in the downstream region,that height of the smoke barrier and the attenuation rate of the downstream temperature has a linear relationship,that the farther away from the fire source,the larger the dangerous range of high temperature smoke will be,and that the formula prediction results conform with the temperature data measured,which demonstrates the effectiveness of the reliability of the simulation model.
引文
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[5]李静娴,何嘉鹏,周汝.长廊型高层建筑火灾烟气控制模式的效果比较[J].消防科学与技术,2010,29(1):33-36.LI Jingxian,HE Jiapeng,ZHOU Ru.Effect comparison of smoke control model in high-rise building with corridor[J].Fire Science and Technology,2010,29(1):33-36.
[6]刘淑金.浅谈挡烟垂壁的应用与研究[J].消防技术与产品信息,1996,15(11):33-36.
[7]胡忠日.挡烟垂壁应用模拟对比试验的研究[J].消防技术与产品信息,1997,16(12):8-12.
[8]郑梓德,侯龙飞.自动挡烟垂壁对隧道火灾的控制研究[J].安全与环境工程,2011,18(5):69-73.ZHENG Zide,HOU Longfei.Study on the effect of automatic smoke screen on tunnel fire[J].Safety and Environmental Engineering,2011,18(5):69-73.
[9]彭伟.公路隧道火灾中纵向风对燃烧及烟气流动影响的研究[D].合肥:中国科学技术大学,2008.PENG Wei.Effect of longitudinal ventilation on burning and smoke movement in road tunnel fires[D].Hefei:University of Science and Technology of China,2008.
[10]GA 533—2012,挡烟垂壁[S].GA 533-2012,Smoke barriers[S].
[11]齐庆杰,王欢,董子文,等.矿井胶带运输巷火灾蔓延规律的数值模拟研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2016,26(10):36-41.QI Qingjie,WANG Huan,DONG Ziwen,et al.Numerical simulation of belt conveyor fire spreading law in coal mine[J].China Safety Science Journal,2016,26(10):36-41.