接种单一/混合污泥对厌氧氨氧化反应器快速启动的影响
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摘要
在两组SBR反应器R0、R1中分别接种单一类型反硝化颗粒污泥和反硝化颗粒污泥与好氧硝化污泥的混合污泥(体积比为2∶1)来启动厌氧氨氧化,旨在探求不同接种污泥对厌氧氨氧化反应器快速启动的影响.结果表明,R0用时64 d成功启动厌氧氨氧化,总氮去除负荷为0.26 kg·(m~3·d)~(-1),R1用时47 d,总氮去除负荷为0.30 kg·(m~3·d)~(-1),比R0缩短了17 d;在富集培养阶段,R1中红色污泥大量出现,系统厌氧氨氧化特征比R0更加明显;反应器启动成功后,R0的化学计量比为1.20和0.34,R1的化学计量比为1.26和0.21,比R0更接近理论值1.32和0.26,R0中污泥的MLSS和MLVSS分别恢复到初始种泥的51%(4.2 g·L~(-1))和38%(2.3 g·L~(-1)),R1中污泥的MLSS和MLVSS分别恢复到初始种泥的54%(4.4 g·L~(-1))和42%(2.6 g·L~(-1)),高于R0,可以推测,R1驯化过程中厌氧氨氧化菌(AnAOB)增殖速率比R0更快.采用混合污泥作为接种污泥能够加速厌氧氨氧化的启动进程,且启动成功之后系统的脱氮性能更加稳定.
The experiment explored the effect of different seeding sludge on the rapid start-up of an anaerobic ammonium oxidation( ANAMMOX) reactor by seeding a single type of denitrified granular sludge and a mixed sludge composed of denitrified granular sludge and aerobic nitrification sludge( the volume ratio of the mixed sludge was 2∶ 1) in two sequencing batch reactors( SBR),R0 and R1,respectively. The results indicated that R0 was started up successfully on day 64 with a nitrogen removal rate( NRR) of 0. 26 kg·(m~3·d)~(-1),while R1 was started up by day 47 with a NRR of 0. 30 kg·(m~3·d)~(-1),which was shorter than R0 by 17 d. In the enrichment stage,reddish sludge appeared in R1,and the characteristics of anaerobic ammonium oxidation of the system were more obvious than in R0. After the reactor was started up successfully,the stoichiometric ratio of R0 was 1. 20 and 0. 34,respectively,and the stoichiometric ratio of R1 was 1. 26 and 0. 21,which was closer to the theoretical values of 1. 32 and 0. 26. The mixed liquor suspended solids( MLSS) and mixed liquor volatile suspended solids( MLVSS) of R0 were restored to 51%( 4. 2 g·L~(-1)) and 38%( 2. 3 g·L~(-1)) of the initial seeding sludge,respectively,while the MLSS and MLVSS of R1 were restored to 54%( 4. 4 g·L~(-1)) and42%( 2. 6 g·L~(-1)),which was higher than R0. It can be speculated that the proliferation rate of An AOB in R1 was faster than in R0.Seeding mixed sludge can accelerate the start-up process of anaerobic ammonium oxidation with more stable N-removal performance.
The experiment explored the effect of different seeding sludge on the rapid start-up of an anaerobic ammonium oxidation( ANAMMOX) reactor by seeding a single type of denitrified granular sludge and a mixed sludge composed of denitrified granular sludge and aerobic nitrification sludge( the volume ratio of the mixed sludge was 2∶ 1) in two sequencing batch reactors( SBR),R0 and R1,respectively. The results indicated that R0 was started up successfully on day 64 with a nitrogen removal rate( NRR) of 0. 26 kg·(m~3·d)~(-1),while R1 was started up by day 47 with a NRR of 0. 30 kg·(m~3·d)~(-1),which was shorter than R0 by 17 d. In the enrichment stage,reddish sludge appeared in R1,and the characteristics of anaerobic ammonium oxidation of the system were more obvious than in R0. After the reactor was started up successfully,the stoichiometric ratio of R0 was 1. 20 and 0. 34,respectively,and the stoichiometric ratio of R1 was 1. 26 and 0. 21,which was closer to the theoretical values of 1. 32 and 0. 26. The mixed liquor suspended solids( MLSS) and mixed liquor volatile suspended solids( MLVSS) of R0 were restored to 51%( 4. 2 g·L~(-1)) and 38%( 2. 3 g·L~(-1)) of the initial seeding sludge,respectively,while the MLSS and MLVSS of R1 were restored to 54%( 4. 4 g·L~(-1)) and42%( 2. 6 g·L~(-1)),which was higher than R0. It can be speculated that the proliferation rate of An AOB in R1 was faster than in R0.Seeding mixed sludge can accelerate the start-up process of anaerobic ammonium oxidation with more stable N-removal performance.
引文
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[15]张沙,汪涛,黄超,等.常温条件下接种OLAND污泥启动Anammox反应器的研究[J].现代化工,2017,37(2):169-172.Zhang S,Wang T,Huang C,et al.Study on the start-up of Anammox reactor inoculated with OLAND sludge at room temperature[J].Modern Chemical Industry,2017,37(2):169-172.
[16]李宁宁,于德爽,李津,等.城市污水条件下ASBR厌氧氨氧化的启动与脱氮性能[J].环境工程学报,2013,7(5):1689-1694.Li N N,Yu D S,Li J,et al.Start up of anaerobic ammonium oxidation process and nitrogen removal performance in anaerobic sequencing batch reactor for municipal sewage[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2013,7(5):1689-1694.
[17]鲍林林,赵建国,李晓凯,等.常温低基质厌氧氨氧化反应器启动及其稳定性[J].环境工程学报,2013,7(3):981-986.Bao L L,Zhao J G,Li X K,et al.Start-up and stability of Anammox bioreactor at normal temperature and low substrate concentration[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2013,7(3):981-986.
[18]唐崇俭,郑平,陈建伟,等.基于基质浓度的厌氧氨氧化工艺运行策略[J].化工学报,2009,60(3):718-725.Tang C J,Zheng P,Chen J W,et al.Performance of ANAMMOX process with different operation strategies based on substrate concentration[J].CIESC Journal,2009,60(3):718-725.
[19]Jin R C,Zheng P,Hu A H,et al.Performance comparison of two anammox reactors:SBR and UBF[J].Chemical Engineering Journal,2008,138(1-3):225-230.
[20]李冬,陶晓晓,李占,等.常温SBR亚硝化快速启动及优化试验研究[J].环境科学,2011,32(6):1653-1659.Li D,Tao X X,Li Z,et al.Research on the rapid start-up and optimization of parameters for nitrosation at room temperature[J].Environmental Science,2011,32(6):1653-1659.
[21]李祥,黄勇,袁怡.厌氧氨氧化菌活性恢复及富集培养研究[J].环境污染与防治,2010,32(1):61-66.Li X,Huang Y,Yuan Y.The reactivation and enrichment of ANAMMOX bacteria[J].Environmental Pollution and Control,2010,32(1):61-66.
[2]任玉辉,王科,李相昆,等.常温低基质下碱度和溶解氧对厌氧氨氧化的影响[J].环境科学,2014,35(11):4218-4223.Ren Y H,Wang K,Li X K,et al.Influence of alkalinity and DO on ANAMMOX bioreactor at normal temperature and low substrate concentration[J].Environmental Science,2014,35(11):4218-4223.
[3]李冬,田海成,梁瑜海,等.水质条件对厌氧氨氧化颗粒污泥EPS含量的影响[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2017,49(2):6-12.Li D,Tian H C,Liang Y H,et al.Effect of water quality of influent on the content of extracellular polymeric substances in anammox granule sludge[J].Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology,2017,49(2):6-12.
[4]曾涛涛,李冬,谢水波,等.厌氧氨氧化菌微生物特性研究进展[J].应用与环境生物学报,2014,20(6):1111-1116.Zeng T T,Li D,Xie S B,et al.A review on microbial properties of anaerobic ammonium oxidation(ANAMMOX)bacteria[J].Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology,2014,20(6):1111-1116.
[5]金仁村,郑平,陈旭良,等.厌氧氨氧化反应器快速启动方法的探讨[J].化工进展,2005,24(6):629-631.Jin R C,Zheng P,Chen X L,et al.Rapid start-up technique of Anammox reactor[J].Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress,2005,24(6):629-631.
[6]Chen H,Hu H Y,Chen Q Q,et al.Successful start-up of the anammox process:influence of the seeding strategy on performance and granule properties[J].Bioresource Technology,2016,211:594-602.
[7]唐晓雪,彭永臻,徐竹兵,等.低基质浓度厌氧氨氧化颗粒污泥反应器的快速启动[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2014,45(12):4445-4451.Tang X X,Peng Y Z,Xu Z B,et al.Fast start-up of anaerobic ammonium oxidation(ANAMMOX)granular reactor treating lowstrength wastewater[J].Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2014,45(12):4445-4451.
[8]丛岩,黄晓丽,王小龙,等.厌氧氨氧化颗粒污泥的快速形成[J].化工学报,2014,65(2):664-671.Cong Y,Huang X L,Wang X L,et al.Faster formation of anammox granular sludge[J].CIESC Journal,2014,65(2):664-671.
[9]唐崇俭,郑平,张蕾.厌氧氨氧化反应器的接种污泥和启动策略[J].中国给水排水,2008,24(14):15-20.Tang C J,Zheng P,Zhang L.Seeding sludge and start-up strategy for Anammox bioreactor[J].China Water&Wastewater,2008,24(14):15-20.
[10]Tsushima L,Kindaichi T,Okabe S.Quantification of anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing bacteria in enrichment cultures by real-time PCR[J].Water Research,2007,41(4):785-794.
[11]Wang S H,Guo J B,Lian J,et al.Rapid start-up of the Anammox process by denitrifying granular sludge and the mechanism of the anammox electron transport chain[J].Biochemical Engineering Journal,2016,115:101-107.
[12]Connan R,Dabert P,Khalil H,et al.Batch enrichment of Anammox bacteria and study of the underlying microbial community dynamics[J].Chemical Engineering Journal,2016,297:217-228.
[13]金仁村,郑平,胡宝兰,等.污泥颗粒化快速启动厌氧氨氧化反应器的探讨[J].环境污染与防治,2006,28(10):772-775.Jin R C,Zheng P,Hu B L,et al.Methods for rapid start-up of the anaerobic ammonium oxidation process[J].Environmental Pollution and Control,2006,28(10):772-775.
[14]刘晓宇,王思慧,薛耀琦,等.厌氧氨氧化颗粒污泥的快速培养与形成机理[J].环境工程学报,2016,10(3):1223-1227.Liu X Y,Wang S H,Xue Y Q,et al.Rapid cultivation and formation mechanism of ANAMMOX granular sludge[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2016,10(3):1223-1227.
[15]张沙,汪涛,黄超,等.常温条件下接种OLAND污泥启动Anammox反应器的研究[J].现代化工,2017,37(2):169-172.Zhang S,Wang T,Huang C,et al.Study on the start-up of Anammox reactor inoculated with OLAND sludge at room temperature[J].Modern Chemical Industry,2017,37(2):169-172.
[16]李宁宁,于德爽,李津,等.城市污水条件下ASBR厌氧氨氧化的启动与脱氮性能[J].环境工程学报,2013,7(5):1689-1694.Li N N,Yu D S,Li J,et al.Start up of anaerobic ammonium oxidation process and nitrogen removal performance in anaerobic sequencing batch reactor for municipal sewage[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2013,7(5):1689-1694.
[17]鲍林林,赵建国,李晓凯,等.常温低基质厌氧氨氧化反应器启动及其稳定性[J].环境工程学报,2013,7(3):981-986.Bao L L,Zhao J G,Li X K,et al.Start-up and stability of Anammox bioreactor at normal temperature and low substrate concentration[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2013,7(3):981-986.
[18]唐崇俭,郑平,陈建伟,等.基于基质浓度的厌氧氨氧化工艺运行策略[J].化工学报,2009,60(3):718-725.Tang C J,Zheng P,Chen J W,et al.Performance of ANAMMOX process with different operation strategies based on substrate concentration[J].CIESC Journal,2009,60(3):718-725.
[19]Jin R C,Zheng P,Hu A H,et al.Performance comparison of two anammox reactors:SBR and UBF[J].Chemical Engineering Journal,2008,138(1-3):225-230.
[20]李冬,陶晓晓,李占,等.常温SBR亚硝化快速启动及优化试验研究[J].环境科学,2011,32(6):1653-1659.Li D,Tao X X,Li Z,et al.Research on the rapid start-up and optimization of parameters for nitrosation at room temperature[J].Environmental Science,2011,32(6):1653-1659.
[21]李祥,黄勇,袁怡.厌氧氨氧化菌活性恢复及富集培养研究[J].环境污染与防治,2010,32(1):61-66.Li X,Huang Y,Yuan Y.The reactivation and enrichment of ANAMMOX bacteria[J].Environmental Pollution and Control,2010,32(1):61-66.