深孔台阶爆破近区振动强度分布的模拟研究
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摘要
为了探索深孔台阶爆破近区振动强度的分布规律,基于现场单孔爆破试验,在爆区后方构建5排×17列的测点方阵模型,在考虑震波频率随传播距离衰减的基础上,利用Anderson线性叠加模型来模拟单排炮孔在不同爆破条件下振动"场"的变化情况。结果表明:随炮孔数目的增多,振速等值线外移,等值线中心逐渐与炮孔连线平行,平行炮孔连线方向上振速的增加幅度逐渐减小,垂直炮孔连线方向上振速沿传播距离的衰减速度逐渐增大;随炮孔距离的增加,炮孔连线方向上地震波能量流动比例增加,流动方向从近似沿小球面逐渐变为大球面扩散,振速等值线变得粗糙,平行炮孔连线方向上爆破近区中心一定范围内测点的振速减小,两边振速增大,垂直炮孔连线方向上近区测线振速沿传播距离的衰减速度加快,远区则减慢并最终趋于一致;随炮孔装药量的增加,炮孔连线上能量密度增加,振速等值线的强度增大,平行炮孔连线方向上爆破近区中心测点振速的增长幅度明显大于两边,垂直炮孔连线方向上振速沿传播距离的衰减速度逐渐增大。
In order to explore the distribution of vibration intensity in the near field of deep hole bench blasting,based on single-hole blasting field test,this paper constructed a 5 rows and 17 columns matrix model behind the blasting area,considering the seismic frequency attenuation with the spreading distance,using the Anderson model to simulate the changes of vibration "field"of single row holes under different blasting conditions. The results show that with the increase of the number of holes,the vibration velocity contours are shifted outwards,and the contour center is approximately parallel to the hole line.In the parallel hole line direction,the increasing degree of the vibration velocity gradually decreases with the increase of the number of holes,while in the vertical hole line direction,the vibration velocity attenuates gradually faster along the spreading distance.With the increase of hole spacing,the ratio of seismic wave en-ergy flow in the hole line direction increases also,and the flow direction gradually diffuses from the approximation along a small spherical surface into a large spherical surface,as well as the vibration velocity contour is gradually rough.In the parallel hole line direction,the vibration velocity of measuring point in the center of a certain range in blasting near field decreases with the increase of hole spacing,while the vibration velocity of measuring point on both sides increases,and in the vertical hole line direction,the vibration velocity attenuates gradually faster along the spreading distance in near field,while the vibration velocity attenuates gradually slowing down in far field,eventually converging.With the increase of hole charge,the energy density in the hole line direction increases,as well as the intensity of the vibration velocity contours.In the parallel hole line direction,the increasing degree of the vibration velocity of the central measuring point is significantly greater than that on both sides in near field,while in the vertical hole line direction,the vibration velocity attenuates gradually faster along the spreading distance.
In order to explore the distribution of vibration intensity in the near field of deep hole bench blasting,based on single-hole blasting field test,this paper constructed a 5 rows and 17 columns matrix model behind the blasting area,considering the seismic frequency attenuation with the spreading distance,using the Anderson model to simulate the changes of vibration "field"of single row holes under different blasting conditions. The results show that with the increase of the number of holes,the vibration velocity contours are shifted outwards,and the contour center is approximately parallel to the hole line.In the parallel hole line direction,the increasing degree of the vibration velocity gradually decreases with the increase of the number of holes,while in the vertical hole line direction,the vibration velocity attenuates gradually faster along the spreading distance.With the increase of hole spacing,the ratio of seismic wave en-ergy flow in the hole line direction increases also,and the flow direction gradually diffuses from the approximation along a small spherical surface into a large spherical surface,as well as the vibration velocity contour is gradually rough.In the parallel hole line direction,the vibration velocity of measuring point in the center of a certain range in blasting near field decreases with the increase of hole spacing,while the vibration velocity of measuring point on both sides increases,and in the vertical hole line direction,the vibration velocity attenuates gradually faster along the spreading distance in near field,while the vibration velocity attenuates gradually slowing down in far field,eventually converging.With the increase of hole charge,the energy density in the hole line direction increases,as well as the intensity of the vibration velocity contours.In the parallel hole line direction,the increasing degree of the vibration velocity of the central measuring point is significantly greater than that on both sides in near field,while in the vertical hole line direction,the vibration velocity attenuates gradually faster along the spreading distance.
引文
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[9]卢文波,王进攻.爆源中远区的爆破振动场模拟[J].爆破,1996,13(3):8-11.LU Wenbo,WANG Jingong.A simulation of blasting vibration in middle and far field of explosion source[J].Blasting,1996,13(3):8-11.
[10]杨年华,张乐.爆破振动波叠加数值预测方法[J].爆炸与冲击,2012,32(1):84-90.YANG Nianhua,ZHANG Le.Blasting vibration waveform prediction method based on superposition principle[J].Explosion and Shock Waves,2012,32(1):84-90.
[11]徐全军,毛志远,张庆明,等.深孔微差爆破震动预报浅析[J].爆炸与冲击,1998,18(2):182-186.XU Quanjun,MAO Zhiyuan,ZHANG Qingming,et al.The analysis of ground vibration prediction of delay-fired bench blasting[J].Explosion and Shock Waves,1998,18(2):182-186.
[2]WHEELER R M.Controlling blast vibration effects with on-site analysis of single hole signatures“A new approach”[A].Proc.5th symp.on explosive and blasting research[C].1989:123-134.
[3]ANDERSON D.A.et al.Amethod site-specific prediction and control of ground vibration from blasting[A].Proc.1st Symp.on explosives and blasting research[C].1985:28-42.
[4]BLAIR D P.Blast vibration control in the presence of delay scatter and random fluctu-actions between blast holes[J].Int.J.Numer.Anal.Method Geomeeh,1993,19(2):95-118
[5]RHOLL S.A.et al.Computer simulation to determine the effect of firing time scatter[A].Pro.18th Conf.Explosives and Blasting Techniques[C].1999:213-222.
[6]陈继强,刘为洲.多孔爆破振动强度的单孔波形叠加计算[J].金属矿山,2000(8):53-56.CHEN Jiqiang,LIU Weizhou.Single hole waveform superimposed calculation of the vibration strength of multihole blasting[J].Metal Mine,2000(8):53-56.
[7]吴从师,吴其苏.爆破地震模拟初探[J].爆炸与冲击,1990,10(2):170-175.WU Congshi,WU Qisu.A preliminary approach to simulating blast vibration[J].Explosion and Shock Waves,1990,10(2):170-175.
[8]甄育才,朱传云.中远区微差爆破振动叠加效应影响因素分析[J].爆破,2005,22(2):11-15.ZHEN Yucai,ZHU Chuanyun.Analysis on influential factors of vibration superposition in middle and far field of millisecond blasting[J].Blasting,2005,22(2):11-15.
[9]卢文波,王进攻.爆源中远区的爆破振动场模拟[J].爆破,1996,13(3):8-11.LU Wenbo,WANG Jingong.A simulation of blasting vibration in middle and far field of explosion source[J].Blasting,1996,13(3):8-11.
[10]杨年华,张乐.爆破振动波叠加数值预测方法[J].爆炸与冲击,2012,32(1):84-90.YANG Nianhua,ZHANG Le.Blasting vibration waveform prediction method based on superposition principle[J].Explosion and Shock Waves,2012,32(1):84-90.
[11]徐全军,毛志远,张庆明,等.深孔微差爆破震动预报浅析[J].爆炸与冲击,1998,18(2):182-186.XU Quanjun,MAO Zhiyuan,ZHANG Qingming,et al.The analysis of ground vibration prediction of delay-fired bench blasting[J].Explosion and Shock Waves,1998,18(2):182-186.