拖拉机座椅舒适性及减振悬架设计研究进展
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摘要
拖拉机座椅舒适性及减振悬架设计与人体健康及驾驶安全息息相关。为提升现代农业装备工业设计水平,梳理了拖拉机座椅舒适性评价方法和不同减振结构的座椅悬架研究现状,发现当前的座椅舒适性评价方法及体系陈旧,评价的客观性和精确性不足,座椅减振悬架存在理论研究与实际应用不匹配的问题。为此,提出在舒适性评价方面,应构建更系统、精准的基于人体生理特征指标的综合评价体系的思路;在座椅减振悬架方面,应充分结合当前的新材料与新技术,不断提升其性价比和稳定性,并针对大小不同机型的拖拉机采用不同的悬架系统,以满足多元化的减振需求。
The comfortableness of tractor seat and the damping suspension design are closely related to human health and driving safety. It is an important point to improve the industrial design level of modern agricultural equipment. The evaluation method of tractor seat comfortableness were teased out based on different perspectives. The research status of seat suspension were teased out based on different damping structures. It was found that the current seat comfortableness evaluation method and evaluation system were old. The objectivity and accuracy of evaluation were not enough. Meanwhile, the problem that the theoretical research did not match the actual application was still existed in the seat damping research. In the aspect of comfortableness evaluation, a more systematic and accurate comprehensive evaluation system should be constructed based on human physiological characteristics. The current new materials and new technologies should be fully integrated in the case of seat damping suspension to improve cost performance and reliability continuously. Different suspension systems should be adopted for different sizes of tractors to meet a variety of damping requirements.
The comfortableness of tractor seat and the damping suspension design are closely related to human health and driving safety. It is an important point to improve the industrial design level of modern agricultural equipment. The evaluation method of tractor seat comfortableness were teased out based on different perspectives. The research status of seat suspension were teased out based on different damping structures. It was found that the current seat comfortableness evaluation method and evaluation system were old. The objectivity and accuracy of evaluation were not enough. Meanwhile, the problem that the theoretical research did not match the actual application was still existed in the seat damping research. In the aspect of comfortableness evaluation, a more systematic and accurate comprehensive evaluation system should be constructed based on human physiological characteristics. The current new materials and new technologies should be fully integrated in the case of seat damping suspension to improve cost performance and reliability continuously. Different suspension systems should be adopted for different sizes of tractors to meet a variety of damping requirements.
引文
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[12]张磊,石学岗,江黎,等.座椅人机工程设计研究综述[J].机械设计,2014,31(6):97-101.
[13]费凤强.轿车座椅调节尺寸与驾驶舒适性的关系研究[D].南京:南京林业大学,2011.
[14]黄璐,杨岳,彭波.面向座椅舒适性分析的三维人体参数化建模[J].图学学报,2011,32(1):10-15.
[15]肖光辉.高速列车座椅舒适性优化设计及评价[D].沈阳:东北大学,2011.
[16]马佳,范智声,李飞飞,等.基于人工神经网络的汽车座椅舒适度评价模型[J].工业工程,2008,11(5):106-109.
[17]杨钟亮,孙守迁,张克俊.基于基因表达式编程的坐姿舒适性主观测评模型与系统[J].计算机集成制造系统,2012,18(10):2138-2144.
[18]Kim M S,Kim K W,Yoo W S.Method to objectively evaluate subjective ratings of ride comfort[J].International Journal of Automotive Technology,2011,12(6):831-837.
[19]ISO2631-1:1997 Mechanical vibration and shock-evaluation of human exposure to whole-body vibration-part 1:general requirements[S].
[20]李佩林,李志春,李强.汽车舒适性评价方法的研究[J].农机化研究,2004(6):103-104.
[21]徐璋.汽车平顺性评价方法的研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2012.
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[23]Lee S H,Park J S,Jung B K,et al.Effects of different seat cushions on interface pressure distribution:apilot study[J].Journal of Physical Therapy Science,2016,28(1):227-230.
[24]Hostens I,Papajoannou G,Spaepen A,et al.Buttock and back pressure distribution tests on seats of mobile agricultural machinery[J].Applied Ergonomics,2001,32(4):347-355.
[25]Nishimatsu T,Sekiguchi S,Toba E.Relation between sitting comfort evaluation and body pressure distribution on car driver′s seat[J].Fiber,2008,52(5):253-260.
[26]Kolich M,Seal N,Taboun S.Automobile seat comfort prediction:statistical model vs.artificial neural network[J].Applied Ergonomics,2004,35(3):275.
[27]余江鸿,赵志友,吴群.基于神经网络的驾驶座椅舒适度评价方法[J].湖南工业大学学报,2007,21(5):33-35.
[28]Kolich M.Predicting automobile seat comfort using a neural network[J].International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics,2004,33(4):285-293.
[29]庞明宇.基于体压分布的汽车座椅舒适性评价与研究[D].天津:天津科技大学,2016.
[30]孙守迁,吴群,吴剑锋,等.一种基于支持向量回归的驾驶座椅舒适度评价方法[J].中国机械工程,2008,19(11):1326-1330.
[31]刘威,刘军,轩闪闪,等.基于ANFIS的汽车座椅舒适度评价系统建模[J].传感器与微系统,2016,35(8):56-59.
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