振打清灰对电除尘器排放的影响:工业应用分析
|
摘要
振打清灰过程是电除尘器(ESP)持续高效运行的一项重要保障,电极表面清灰效果直接影响电除尘器运行电气参数,进而影响电除尘器的粉尘排放质量浓度。为此,以有功功率为600 MW的燃煤机组双室5电场工业电除尘器为例,对比分析了顶部电磁振打和侧部机械振打对电除尘器运行参数以及排放质量浓度的影响。结果表明:在相同振打参数条件下,侧部机械振打产生的加速度平均值约为顶部电磁振打的3倍,而且振打加速度分布相对均匀;通过将顶部电磁振打改造为侧部机械振打,电除尘器每个通道的电源输入容量由131 kVA提高至190kVA;PM10排放质量浓度由19.33 mg/m3降低至14.14 mg/m3,降低比例为26.85%;PM2.5排放质量浓度由4.23mg/m3降低至1.20 mg/m3,降低比例为71.53%。电除尘器处理高黏性、高比电阻的粉尘时采用侧部机械振打有利于提高电除尘器运行参数并降低电除尘器出口粉尘排放质量浓度。
Rapping process is one of the important factors for the long-term operation of electrostatic precipitation(ESP) with high collecting efficiency, which directly impacts the value of electric field parameters and the emission mass concentration of ESP. We discuss the effects of rapping types on ESP operation with double buses and five-fields ESP in a 600 MW coal-fired power plant. The rapping types include top electromagnetic rapping and side mechanical rapping. The results show that, under the same condition of rapping parameters, the acceleration value with side mechanical rapping is about three times larger than that with top electromagnetic rapping, and the distribution of rapping acceleration is much more uniform. For dealing with high viscosity and high specific resistivity dust, the input power of each passage of ESP can be improved from 131 kVA to 190 kVA by changing top electromagnetic rapping to side mechanical rapping,and PM10 emission mass concentration can be reduced from 19.33 mg/m3 to 14.14 mg/m3, and PM2.5 from 4.23 mg/m3 to 1.20 mg/m3. The decreased ratios of PM10 and PM2.5 are 26.85% and 71.53%, respectively. Side mechanical rapping is helpful to improving the operating parameters and reducing the dust emission mass concentration of electrostatic precipitator for dealing with high viscosity and high specific resistivity dust.
Rapping process is one of the important factors for the long-term operation of electrostatic precipitation(ESP) with high collecting efficiency, which directly impacts the value of electric field parameters and the emission mass concentration of ESP. We discuss the effects of rapping types on ESP operation with double buses and five-fields ESP in a 600 MW coal-fired power plant. The rapping types include top electromagnetic rapping and side mechanical rapping. The results show that, under the same condition of rapping parameters, the acceleration value with side mechanical rapping is about three times larger than that with top electromagnetic rapping, and the distribution of rapping acceleration is much more uniform. For dealing with high viscosity and high specific resistivity dust, the input power of each passage of ESP can be improved from 131 kVA to 190 kVA by changing top electromagnetic rapping to side mechanical rapping,and PM10 emission mass concentration can be reduced from 19.33 mg/m3 to 14.14 mg/m3, and PM2.5 from 4.23 mg/m3 to 1.20 mg/m3. The decreased ratios of PM10 and PM2.5 are 26.85% and 71.53%, respectively. Side mechanical rapping is helpful to improving the operating parameters and reducing the dust emission mass concentration of electrostatic precipitator for dealing with high viscosity and high specific resistivity dust.
引文
[1]WHITE H J.Industrial electrostatic precipitation[M].Boston,USA:Addison Wesley,1963:112-130.
[2]MIZUNO A.Electrostatic precipitation[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2000,7(5):615-624.
[3]OGLESBY S.Electrostatic precipitation[M].New York,USA:Marcel Dekker Inc Press,1978:231-249.
[4]NING Z Y,PODLINSKI J,YAN K P,et al.Electrode geometry optimization in wire-plate electrostatic precipitator and its impact on collection efficiency[J].Journal of Electrostatics,2016,80:76-84.
[5]朱继保,章旭明,闫克平,等.电除尘器电极结构与灰堆积特性相关性研究[J].科技导报,2008,26(9):30-33.ZHU Jibao,ZHANG Xuming,YAN Keping,et al.Characteristics of collected dust layer in a laboratory electrostatic precipitator[J].Science&Technology Review,2008,26(9):30-33.
[6]HUANG Y F,ZHENG Q Z,YAN K P.Recent progress of dry electrostatic precipitation for PM2.5 emission control from coal-fired boilers[J].International Journal of Plasma Environmental Science and Technology,2015,9(2):69-126.
[7]王仕龙.燃煤电厂电除尘PM10和PM2.5的排放控制,Ⅰ:电除尘选型及工业应用[J].科技导报,2014,32(33):34-38.WANG Shilong.PM10 and PM2.5 emission control by electrostatic precipitator(ESP)for coal-fired power plants,Ⅰ:ESP sizing and applications[J].Science&Technology Review,2014,32(33):34-38.
[8]王仕龙.燃煤电厂电除尘PM10和PM2.5的排放控制,Ⅱ:电除尘电源改造与PM10和PM2.5的排放[J].科技导报,2014,32(33):23-33.WANG Shilong.PM10 and PM2.5 emission control by electrostatic precipitator(ESP)for coal-fired power plants,Ⅱ:evaluation of ESP upgrading in terms of PM10 and PM2.5 emission reduction with a 660MW generator[J].Science&Technology Review,2014,32(33):23-33.
[9]马元坤.燃煤电厂电除尘PM10和PM2.5的排放控制,Ⅴ:以660MW机组为例微细讨论高压电源运行优化[J].科技导报,2015,33(6):69-72.MA Yuankun.PM10 and PM2.5 emission control by electrostatic precipitator(ESP)for coal-fired power plants,V:optimization of high voltage power source with 660 MW boiler[J].Science&Technology Review,2015,33(6):69-72.
[10]闫克平,李树然,冯卫强,等.高电压环境工程应用研究关键技术问题分析及展望[J].高电压技术,2015,41(8):2529-2544.YAN Keping,LI Shuran,FENG Weiqiang,et al.Analysis and prospect on key technology of high-voltage discharge for environmental engineering study and application[J].High Voltage Engineering,2015,41(8):2528-2544.
[11]ZHANG X R.An analysis of a wire-plate electrostatic precipitator[J].Aerosol Science,2002,33:1595-1600.
[12]ZHU J B,ZENG Y X,YAN K P,et al.Effects of high-voltage power sources on fine particle collection efficiency with an industrial electrostatic precipitator[J].Journal of Electrostatics,2012,70:285-291.
[13]ZHU J B,SHI Y,YAN K P,et al.Electrostatic precipitation of fine particles with a bipolar pre-charger[J].Journal of Electrostatics,2010,68:174-178.
[14]王仕龙,陈英,闫克平,等.燃煤电厂电除尘PM10和PM2.5的排放控制,Ⅲ:电除尘电源及小分区改造与PM10和PM2.5的排放(以4×330 MW机组为例)[J].科技导报,2014,32(33):39-42.WANG Shilong,CHEN Ying,YAN Keping,et al.PM10 and PM2.5emission control by electrostatic precipitator(ESP)for coal-fired power plants,Ⅲ:application with a 4×330 MW power plant[J].Science&Technology Review,2014.32(33):39-42.
[15]梁志宏,李栓宝,闫克平,等.燃煤电厂电除尘PM10和PM2.5的排放控制,Ⅶ:以2×600 MW机组为例分析讨论电除尘选型和改造[J].科技导报,2016,34(5):84-88.LIANG Zhihong,LI Shuanbao,YAN Keping,et al.PM10 and PM2.5emission control by electrostatic precipitator(ESP)for coal-fired power plants,Ⅶ:ESP sizing and refitting with 2×600 MW boilers[J].Science&Technology Review,2016,34(5):84-88.
[16]马洪金,徐建元,闫克平,等.燃煤电厂电除尘PM10和PM2.5的排放控制,Ⅵ:以75 t/h工业锅炉为例分析讨论电除尘的运行(嘉兴协鑫环保热电厂)[J].科技导报,2015,33(18):20-22.MA Hongjin,XU Jianyuan,YAN Keping,et al.PM10 and PM2.5emission control by electrostatic precipitator(ESP)for coal-fired power plants,Ⅵ:optimization of HV power source with 75 t/h industrial boilwer(Jiaxing Xiexin Environmental Power Plant)[J].Science&Technology Review,2015,33(18):20-22.
[17]LI S R,LI X Y,YAN K P,et al.Fly ash resistivity:influencing factors,predicting models and its impacts on electrostatic precipitator performance[M].New Yorks,USA:NOVA Science Publishers,2014:91-144.
[18]LI X Y,ZHANG X M,YAN K P,et al.Sensitivity analysis on the maximum ash resistivity in terms of its compositions and gaseous water concentration[J].Journal of Electrostatics,2012,70:83-90.
[19]严辉.电除尘器伏安特性的实验研究[C]∥第12届中国电除尘学术会议论文集.杭州:中国电除尘学会,2007:423-427.YAN Hui.Experimental study on I-V characteristics of ESP[C]∥Proceedings of 12th Conference of Electrostatic Precipitation.Hangzhou,China:Chinese Society of Electrostatic Precipitation,2007:423-427.
[20]LI S R,HUANG Y F,YAN K P,et al.Fundamentals and environmental applications of non-thermal plasmas:multi-pollutants emission control from coal-fired flue gas[J].Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing,2014,34(3):579-603.
[21]沈欣军,郑钦臻,闫克平,等.电除尘器内亚微米细颗粒物动态的可视化测试[J].浙江大学学报:工学版,2015,49(5):985-992.SHEN Xinjun,ZHENG Qinzhen,YAN Keping,et al.Visualization measurements of submicron particle movement inside an electrostatic precipitator[J].Journal of Zhejiang University:Engineering Science.2015,49(5):985-992.
[22]沈欣军,郑钦臻,闫克平,等.基于粒子成像测速法的正负电晕放电下线板式电除尘器内流场测试[J].高电压技术,2014,40(9):2757-2763.SHEN Xinjun,ZHENG Qinzhen,YAN Keping,et al.Measurements of flow field in wire-plate electrostatic precipitator during positive or negative corona discharge using PIV method[J].High Voltage Engineering,2014,40(9):2757-2763.
[23]NING Z Y,LI S R,YAN K P,et al.Electrode configurations inside an electrostatic precipitator and their impact on collection efficiency and flow pattern[J].The European Physical Journal D,2016,70:126-132.
[24]马晋辉,王荣华,闫克平.燃煤电厂电除尘器的节能和提效[J].电力环境保护,2008,24(6):33-35.MA Jinhui,WANG Ronghua,YAN Keping.Energy-saving measures of electrostatic precipitator in coal-fired power plants[J].Electric Power Environmental Protection,2008,24(6):33-35.
[25]MA J H,WANG R H,YAN K P.Industrial applications of a new AVC for upgrading ESP to save energy and improve efficiency[C]∥11th International Electrostatic Precipitation Conference.Hangzhou,China:International Society of Electrostatic Precipitation,2008:281-283.
[26]ZHANG B W,WANG R H,YAN K P.Industrial applications of three phase T/R for upgrading ESP performance[C]∥11th International Electrostatic Precipitation Conference.Hangzhou,China:International Society of Electrostatic Precipitation,2008:276-280.
[27]易红宏.电厂除尘设施对PM10排放特征影响研究[J].环境科学,2006,27(10):1921-1927.YI Honghong.Influence of dust catchers on PM10 emission chracteristics of power plants[J].Environmental Science,2006,27(10):1921-1927.
[2]MIZUNO A.Electrostatic precipitation[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2000,7(5):615-624.
[3]OGLESBY S.Electrostatic precipitation[M].New York,USA:Marcel Dekker Inc Press,1978:231-249.
[4]NING Z Y,PODLINSKI J,YAN K P,et al.Electrode geometry optimization in wire-plate electrostatic precipitator and its impact on collection efficiency[J].Journal of Electrostatics,2016,80:76-84.
[5]朱继保,章旭明,闫克平,等.电除尘器电极结构与灰堆积特性相关性研究[J].科技导报,2008,26(9):30-33.ZHU Jibao,ZHANG Xuming,YAN Keping,et al.Characteristics of collected dust layer in a laboratory electrostatic precipitator[J].Science&Technology Review,2008,26(9):30-33.
[6]HUANG Y F,ZHENG Q Z,YAN K P.Recent progress of dry electrostatic precipitation for PM2.5 emission control from coal-fired boilers[J].International Journal of Plasma Environmental Science and Technology,2015,9(2):69-126.
[7]王仕龙.燃煤电厂电除尘PM10和PM2.5的排放控制,Ⅰ:电除尘选型及工业应用[J].科技导报,2014,32(33):34-38.WANG Shilong.PM10 and PM2.5 emission control by electrostatic precipitator(ESP)for coal-fired power plants,Ⅰ:ESP sizing and applications[J].Science&Technology Review,2014,32(33):34-38.
[8]王仕龙.燃煤电厂电除尘PM10和PM2.5的排放控制,Ⅱ:电除尘电源改造与PM10和PM2.5的排放[J].科技导报,2014,32(33):23-33.WANG Shilong.PM10 and PM2.5 emission control by electrostatic precipitator(ESP)for coal-fired power plants,Ⅱ:evaluation of ESP upgrading in terms of PM10 and PM2.5 emission reduction with a 660MW generator[J].Science&Technology Review,2014,32(33):23-33.
[9]马元坤.燃煤电厂电除尘PM10和PM2.5的排放控制,Ⅴ:以660MW机组为例微细讨论高压电源运行优化[J].科技导报,2015,33(6):69-72.MA Yuankun.PM10 and PM2.5 emission control by electrostatic precipitator(ESP)for coal-fired power plants,V:optimization of high voltage power source with 660 MW boiler[J].Science&Technology Review,2015,33(6):69-72.
[10]闫克平,李树然,冯卫强,等.高电压环境工程应用研究关键技术问题分析及展望[J].高电压技术,2015,41(8):2529-2544.YAN Keping,LI Shuran,FENG Weiqiang,et al.Analysis and prospect on key technology of high-voltage discharge for environmental engineering study and application[J].High Voltage Engineering,2015,41(8):2528-2544.
[11]ZHANG X R.An analysis of a wire-plate electrostatic precipitator[J].Aerosol Science,2002,33:1595-1600.
[12]ZHU J B,ZENG Y X,YAN K P,et al.Effects of high-voltage power sources on fine particle collection efficiency with an industrial electrostatic precipitator[J].Journal of Electrostatics,2012,70:285-291.
[13]ZHU J B,SHI Y,YAN K P,et al.Electrostatic precipitation of fine particles with a bipolar pre-charger[J].Journal of Electrostatics,2010,68:174-178.
[14]王仕龙,陈英,闫克平,等.燃煤电厂电除尘PM10和PM2.5的排放控制,Ⅲ:电除尘电源及小分区改造与PM10和PM2.5的排放(以4×330 MW机组为例)[J].科技导报,2014,32(33):39-42.WANG Shilong,CHEN Ying,YAN Keping,et al.PM10 and PM2.5emission control by electrostatic precipitator(ESP)for coal-fired power plants,Ⅲ:application with a 4×330 MW power plant[J].Science&Technology Review,2014.32(33):39-42.
[15]梁志宏,李栓宝,闫克平,等.燃煤电厂电除尘PM10和PM2.5的排放控制,Ⅶ:以2×600 MW机组为例分析讨论电除尘选型和改造[J].科技导报,2016,34(5):84-88.LIANG Zhihong,LI Shuanbao,YAN Keping,et al.PM10 and PM2.5emission control by electrostatic precipitator(ESP)for coal-fired power plants,Ⅶ:ESP sizing and refitting with 2×600 MW boilers[J].Science&Technology Review,2016,34(5):84-88.
[16]马洪金,徐建元,闫克平,等.燃煤电厂电除尘PM10和PM2.5的排放控制,Ⅵ:以75 t/h工业锅炉为例分析讨论电除尘的运行(嘉兴协鑫环保热电厂)[J].科技导报,2015,33(18):20-22.MA Hongjin,XU Jianyuan,YAN Keping,et al.PM10 and PM2.5emission control by electrostatic precipitator(ESP)for coal-fired power plants,Ⅵ:optimization of HV power source with 75 t/h industrial boilwer(Jiaxing Xiexin Environmental Power Plant)[J].Science&Technology Review,2015,33(18):20-22.
[17]LI S R,LI X Y,YAN K P,et al.Fly ash resistivity:influencing factors,predicting models and its impacts on electrostatic precipitator performance[M].New Yorks,USA:NOVA Science Publishers,2014:91-144.
[18]LI X Y,ZHANG X M,YAN K P,et al.Sensitivity analysis on the maximum ash resistivity in terms of its compositions and gaseous water concentration[J].Journal of Electrostatics,2012,70:83-90.
[19]严辉.电除尘器伏安特性的实验研究[C]∥第12届中国电除尘学术会议论文集.杭州:中国电除尘学会,2007:423-427.YAN Hui.Experimental study on I-V characteristics of ESP[C]∥Proceedings of 12th Conference of Electrostatic Precipitation.Hangzhou,China:Chinese Society of Electrostatic Precipitation,2007:423-427.
[20]LI S R,HUANG Y F,YAN K P,et al.Fundamentals and environmental applications of non-thermal plasmas:multi-pollutants emission control from coal-fired flue gas[J].Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing,2014,34(3):579-603.
[21]沈欣军,郑钦臻,闫克平,等.电除尘器内亚微米细颗粒物动态的可视化测试[J].浙江大学学报:工学版,2015,49(5):985-992.SHEN Xinjun,ZHENG Qinzhen,YAN Keping,et al.Visualization measurements of submicron particle movement inside an electrostatic precipitator[J].Journal of Zhejiang University:Engineering Science.2015,49(5):985-992.
[22]沈欣军,郑钦臻,闫克平,等.基于粒子成像测速法的正负电晕放电下线板式电除尘器内流场测试[J].高电压技术,2014,40(9):2757-2763.SHEN Xinjun,ZHENG Qinzhen,YAN Keping,et al.Measurements of flow field in wire-plate electrostatic precipitator during positive or negative corona discharge using PIV method[J].High Voltage Engineering,2014,40(9):2757-2763.
[23]NING Z Y,LI S R,YAN K P,et al.Electrode configurations inside an electrostatic precipitator and their impact on collection efficiency and flow pattern[J].The European Physical Journal D,2016,70:126-132.
[24]马晋辉,王荣华,闫克平.燃煤电厂电除尘器的节能和提效[J].电力环境保护,2008,24(6):33-35.MA Jinhui,WANG Ronghua,YAN Keping.Energy-saving measures of electrostatic precipitator in coal-fired power plants[J].Electric Power Environmental Protection,2008,24(6):33-35.
[25]MA J H,WANG R H,YAN K P.Industrial applications of a new AVC for upgrading ESP to save energy and improve efficiency[C]∥11th International Electrostatic Precipitation Conference.Hangzhou,China:International Society of Electrostatic Precipitation,2008:281-283.
[26]ZHANG B W,WANG R H,YAN K P.Industrial applications of three phase T/R for upgrading ESP performance[C]∥11th International Electrostatic Precipitation Conference.Hangzhou,China:International Society of Electrostatic Precipitation,2008:276-280.
[27]易红宏.电厂除尘设施对PM10排放特征影响研究[J].环境科学,2006,27(10):1921-1927.YI Honghong.Influence of dust catchers on PM10 emission chracteristics of power plants[J].Environmental Science,2006,27(10):1921-1927.