非线性疲劳损伤累积下钢轨裂纹萌生预测
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摘要
将考虑荷载作用次序的损伤曲线法与考虑荷载相互作用的疲劳损伤法相结合,修正了非线性疲劳损伤累积模型,提出基于非线性疲劳损伤累积的钢轨疲劳裂纹萌生-磨耗共存发展预测方法,并与其他线性和非线性疲劳损伤累积模型的预测结果进行对比.结果发现:非线性疲劳损伤累积模型计算的累积损伤高于线性疲劳损伤累积模型的结果,其中非线性疲劳损伤累积修正模型得到的损伤累积最大,相应的裂纹萌生寿命最小;对U75V热处理钢轨来说,非线性疲劳损伤累积修正模型预测的裂纹萌生寿命为车轮通过次数约2.58×105次,裂纹萌生于钢轨次表面,距离钢轨表面深度约2.12mm,平均磨耗发展率为2.90μm/万次;Miner线性疲劳累积模型预测的裂纹萌生寿命接近现场观测值的上限,非线性疲劳损伤累积修正模型预测的裂纹萌生寿命接近观测结果中值.
The nonlinear fatigue damage cumulative model was modified by combining the damage curve method considering the order of loading sequence and the fatigue damage method considering the interaction of the load.Based on nonlinear fatigue damage cumulation,aprediction method for coexistence of fatigue crack initiation and wear of rail was proposed and compared with the linear and nonlinear fatigue damage cumulative models.It was found that the cumulative damage calculated by the nonlinear fatigue damage cumulative model was higher than that of the linear fatigue damage cumulative model,in which the cumulative damage of the modified nonlinear fatigue damage model was the largest and the corresponding head check initiation life was the smallest.Taking the U75 Vheat-treated rail as the research object,results of the modified nonlinear fatigue damage cumulative model showed that head check initiation life was 2.58×105 and head check initiated at sub-surface of rail,which was 2.12 mm deep to the rail top and the average wear rate was2.90μm every ten thousand times.The results of Miner linear fatigue cumulative model were close to the upper limit of the observed results and that of the modified nonlinear fatigue damage cumulative model were close to the median of observation results.
The nonlinear fatigue damage cumulative model was modified by combining the damage curve method considering the order of loading sequence and the fatigue damage method considering the interaction of the load.Based on nonlinear fatigue damage cumulation,aprediction method for coexistence of fatigue crack initiation and wear of rail was proposed and compared with the linear and nonlinear fatigue damage cumulative models.It was found that the cumulative damage calculated by the nonlinear fatigue damage cumulative model was higher than that of the linear fatigue damage cumulative model,in which the cumulative damage of the modified nonlinear fatigue damage model was the largest and the corresponding head check initiation life was the smallest.Taking the U75 Vheat-treated rail as the research object,results of the modified nonlinear fatigue damage cumulative model showed that head check initiation life was 2.58×105 and head check initiated at sub-surface of rail,which was 2.12 mm deep to the rail top and the average wear rate was2.90μm every ten thousand times.The results of Miner linear fatigue cumulative model were close to the upper limit of the observed results and that of the modified nonlinear fatigue damage cumulative model were close to the median of observation results.
引文
[1]DONZELLA G,MAZZA,PETROGALLI C.Competition between wear and rolling contact fatigue at the wheel-rail interface:some experimental evidence on rail steel[J].Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part F:Journal of Rail&Rapid Transit,2009,223(1):31-44.
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[5]ALWAHDI F,FRANKLIN F J,KAPOOR A.The effect of partial slip on the wear rate of rails[J].Wear,2005,258(7):1031-1037.
[6]FRANKLIN F J,GARNHAM J E,FLETCHER D I,et al.Modelling rail steel microstructure and its effect on crack initiation[J].Wear,2008,265(9/10):1332-1341.
[7]周宇,张杰,王少锋,等.考虑磨耗的钢轨疲劳裂纹萌生寿命预测仿真[J].铁道学报,2016(7):91-97.
[8]ZHOU Y,YU M,JIANG J.Effects of rail hardness on rail wear and head check initiation[J].Transportation Research Record Journal of the Transportation Research Board,2016,2545(2545):56-65.
[9]朱顺鹏,黄洪钟,谢里阳.基于二元疲劳失效判据的非线性疲劳损伤累积模型及其强度退化研究[J].中国机械工程,2008,19(22):2753-2761.
[10]MINER M A.Cumulative damage in fatigue[J].Journal of Applied Mechanics,1945,12(3):159-164.
[11]MURTAZA G,AKID R.Modeling short fatigue crack growth in a hearted-treated low-alloy steel[J].International Journal of Fatigue.1995,17(3):207-214.
[12]MANSON S S.Interfaces between fatigue,creep,and fracture[J].International Journal of Fracture Mechanics,1966,2(1):327-363.
[13]MARCO S M,STARKEY W L.A concept of fatigue damage[J].Transactions of the ASME,1954,76(4):627-632.
[14]MANSON S S,HALFORD G R.Practical implementation of the double linear damage rule and damage curve approach for treating cumulative fatigue damage[J].International Journal of Fracture,1981,17(2):169-192.
[15]GOLOS K.Cumulative fatigue damage[J].Materials Science&Engineering A,1988,104(10):61-65.
[16]吕志强.航空发动机轮盘低周疲劳寿命预测方法研究[D].成都:电子科技大学,2016.
[17]FAN Z C,CHEN X D,CHEN L,et al.Fatigue-creep behavior of 1.25Cr0.5Mo steel at high temperature and its life prediction[J].International Journal of Fatigue,2007,29(6):1174-1183.
[18]蔡福海,冯超群,王欣,等.非线性累积损伤理论在焊接管节点上的应用[C]//第七届全国机械工程博士论坛论文集,中国工程机械学会.2015(7):168-174.
[19]袁荣.基于性能退化分析的可靠性方法研究[D].成都:电子科技大学,2015.
[20]尚德广,王德俊.多轴疲劳强度[M].北京:科学出版社,2007.
[21]王少锋,周宇,许玉德,等.基于蠕滑理论的钢轨临界平面疲劳参量仿真[J].铁道学报,2014,36(4):65-70.
[22]ARIZON J D,VERLINDEN O,DEHOMBREUX P.Prediction of wheel wear in urban railway transport:comparison of existing models[J].Vehicle System Dynamics,2007,45(9):849-866.
[23]JENDEL T,BERG M.Contact mechanics:prediction of wheel wear for rail vehicles-methodology and verification[M].Berlin:Springer Netherlands,2002:229-236.
[24]JIANG Y Y,SEHITOGLU H.A model for rolling contact failure[J].Wear,1999,224(1):38-49.
[25]JIANG Y,HUSEYIN S.Rolling contact stress analysis with the application of a new plasticity model[J].Wear,1996,191(1):35-44.
[26]ZHOU Y,YU M,WANG T,et al.Design and analysis on rail anti-head check profile for curve rail of the heavyhaul railway[C]//International Conference on Transportation Engineering.2016:1245-1252.
[27]邓铁松,李伟,温泽峰,等.钢轨滚动接触疲劳裂纹萌生寿命预测[J].润滑与密封,2013(8):46-51.
[28]张杰.重载铁路钢轨型面磨耗对疲劳裂纹萌生的影响研究[D].上海:同济大学,2015.
[29]王少锋,刘林芽,刘海涛,等.基于损伤累积和权重参数的重载铁路曲线内轨裂纹萌生特征及剥离掉块分析[J].中国铁道科学,2017(1):29-36.
[2]FLETCHER D I,BEYNON J H.Equilibrium of crack growth and wear rates during unlubricated rolling-sliding contact of pearlitic rail steel[J].Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part F:Journal of Rail&Rapid Transit,2000,214(2):93-105.
[3]ZHOU Y,WANG S,WANG T,et al.Field and laboratory investigation of the relationship between rail head check and wear in a heavy-haul railway[J].Wear,2014,315(1/2):68-77.
[4]周宇,张杰,杨新文,等.U75V热处理钢轨轨距角滚动接触疲劳裂纹和磨耗试验分析[J].同济大学学报(自然科学版),2015,43(6):877-881.
[5]ALWAHDI F,FRANKLIN F J,KAPOOR A.The effect of partial slip on the wear rate of rails[J].Wear,2005,258(7):1031-1037.
[6]FRANKLIN F J,GARNHAM J E,FLETCHER D I,et al.Modelling rail steel microstructure and its effect on crack initiation[J].Wear,2008,265(9/10):1332-1341.
[7]周宇,张杰,王少锋,等.考虑磨耗的钢轨疲劳裂纹萌生寿命预测仿真[J].铁道学报,2016(7):91-97.
[8]ZHOU Y,YU M,JIANG J.Effects of rail hardness on rail wear and head check initiation[J].Transportation Research Record Journal of the Transportation Research Board,2016,2545(2545):56-65.
[9]朱顺鹏,黄洪钟,谢里阳.基于二元疲劳失效判据的非线性疲劳损伤累积模型及其强度退化研究[J].中国机械工程,2008,19(22):2753-2761.
[10]MINER M A.Cumulative damage in fatigue[J].Journal of Applied Mechanics,1945,12(3):159-164.
[11]MURTAZA G,AKID R.Modeling short fatigue crack growth in a hearted-treated low-alloy steel[J].International Journal of Fatigue.1995,17(3):207-214.
[12]MANSON S S.Interfaces between fatigue,creep,and fracture[J].International Journal of Fracture Mechanics,1966,2(1):327-363.
[13]MARCO S M,STARKEY W L.A concept of fatigue damage[J].Transactions of the ASME,1954,76(4):627-632.
[14]MANSON S S,HALFORD G R.Practical implementation of the double linear damage rule and damage curve approach for treating cumulative fatigue damage[J].International Journal of Fracture,1981,17(2):169-192.
[15]GOLOS K.Cumulative fatigue damage[J].Materials Science&Engineering A,1988,104(10):61-65.
[16]吕志强.航空发动机轮盘低周疲劳寿命预测方法研究[D].成都:电子科技大学,2016.
[17]FAN Z C,CHEN X D,CHEN L,et al.Fatigue-creep behavior of 1.25Cr0.5Mo steel at high temperature and its life prediction[J].International Journal of Fatigue,2007,29(6):1174-1183.
[18]蔡福海,冯超群,王欣,等.非线性累积损伤理论在焊接管节点上的应用[C]//第七届全国机械工程博士论坛论文集,中国工程机械学会.2015(7):168-174.
[19]袁荣.基于性能退化分析的可靠性方法研究[D].成都:电子科技大学,2015.
[20]尚德广,王德俊.多轴疲劳强度[M].北京:科学出版社,2007.
[21]王少锋,周宇,许玉德,等.基于蠕滑理论的钢轨临界平面疲劳参量仿真[J].铁道学报,2014,36(4):65-70.
[22]ARIZON J D,VERLINDEN O,DEHOMBREUX P.Prediction of wheel wear in urban railway transport:comparison of existing models[J].Vehicle System Dynamics,2007,45(9):849-866.
[23]JENDEL T,BERG M.Contact mechanics:prediction of wheel wear for rail vehicles-methodology and verification[M].Berlin:Springer Netherlands,2002:229-236.
[24]JIANG Y Y,SEHITOGLU H.A model for rolling contact failure[J].Wear,1999,224(1):38-49.
[25]JIANG Y,HUSEYIN S.Rolling contact stress analysis with the application of a new plasticity model[J].Wear,1996,191(1):35-44.
[26]ZHOU Y,YU M,WANG T,et al.Design and analysis on rail anti-head check profile for curve rail of the heavyhaul railway[C]//International Conference on Transportation Engineering.2016:1245-1252.
[27]邓铁松,李伟,温泽峰,等.钢轨滚动接触疲劳裂纹萌生寿命预测[J].润滑与密封,2013(8):46-51.
[28]张杰.重载铁路钢轨型面磨耗对疲劳裂纹萌生的影响研究[D].上海:同济大学,2015.
[29]王少锋,刘林芽,刘海涛,等.基于损伤累积和权重参数的重载铁路曲线内轨裂纹萌生特征及剥离掉块分析[J].中国铁道科学,2017(1):29-36.