新型杆齿滚筒式残膜捡拾机构的设计与试验
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摘要
为了解决捡拾率低、捡拾机构缠膜率高、脱膜困难等残膜回收难题,设计了一种集条残膜捡拾打捆机的杆齿滚筒式残膜捡拾机构,可同时完成残膜捡拾与脱膜作业。捡拾机构采用双曲柄工作原理,建立了捡拾机构的余摆线运动方程,通过对相邻杆齿产生的挑膜盲区分析,确定了相邻伸缩杆齿安装角为45°、圆周排列为8组,设计了两组交错排列的连杆来确保机构运动的稳定性。样机田间试验表明机具作业速度为1.7 m·s~(-1)、杆齿轴转速为60 r·min~(-1)、杆齿入土深度为40 mm情况下,机具平均捡拾率为90.66%,平均清杂率为82.14%。
In order to solve the difficult problems for collecting plastic film residue as low pickup rate and difficult to remove film,we designed a set of rod-tooth-roller'plastic film residue bundling machine that can simultaneously completed to pick up plastic film residue and stripping operation. The pickup mechanism adopted double crank working principle,set up the cycloid motion equation of the pickup mechanism.Through the analysis for the blind zone of pick up film caused by the adjacent rod tooth,determined that the installing angle of the adjacent telescopic rod was 45°,and the circumference arrangement was 8 groups,designed two sets of staggered connecting rods to ensure the stability of the mechanism movement. Carried out the field test for prototype machine,the test showed that: Under the conditions as the machine operation speed was 1.7 m·s~(-1),the rod-tooth shaft speed was 60 r·min~(-1),and the rod-tooth penetrated soil depth was 40 mm,the average pickup rate was 90.66% and the average impurity removing rate was 82.14%.
In order to solve the difficult problems for collecting plastic film residue as low pickup rate and difficult to remove film,we designed a set of rod-tooth-roller'plastic film residue bundling machine that can simultaneously completed to pick up plastic film residue and stripping operation. The pickup mechanism adopted double crank working principle,set up the cycloid motion equation of the pickup mechanism.Through the analysis for the blind zone of pick up film caused by the adjacent rod tooth,determined that the installing angle of the adjacent telescopic rod was 45°,and the circumference arrangement was 8 groups,designed two sets of staggered connecting rods to ensure the stability of the mechanism movement. Carried out the field test for prototype machine,the test showed that: Under the conditions as the machine operation speed was 1.7 m·s~(-1),the rod-tooth shaft speed was 60 r·min~(-1),and the rod-tooth penetrated soil depth was 40 mm,the average pickup rate was 90.66% and the average impurity removing rate was 82.14%.
引文
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[2]何文清,严昌荣,赵彩霞,等.我国地膜应用污染现状及其防治途径研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2009,28(3):533-538.
[3]王频.残膜污染治理的对策和措施[J].农业工程学报,1998,14(3):185-188.
[4]李亚丽,石林榕,孙伟,等.一种新型残膜捡拾机的设计与试验[J].干旱地区农业研究,2015,33(5):253-257.
[5]陈发,史建新,王学农,等.弧型齿残膜捡拾滚筒捡膜的机理[J].农业机械学报,2006,37(6):36-41.
[6]谢建华,侯书林,付宇,等.残膜回收机弹齿式拾膜机构运动分析与试验[J].农业机械学报,2013,44(S1):94-99.
[7]于振华,王浩宇,许光明,等.大垄双行膜下滴灌种植模式下的残膜回收[J].农业与技术,2012,(12):70-71.
[8]那明君,董欣,侯书林,等.残膜回收机主要工作部件的研究[J].农业工程学报,1999,15(2):112-115.
[9]卢博友,杨青,薛少平,等.圆弧形弹齿滚筒式残膜捡拾机构设计及捡膜性能分析[J].农业工程学报,2000,16(6):68-71.
[10]侯书林,张淑敏,孔建铭,等.弹齿式收膜机主要结构设计[J].中国农业大学学报,2004,9(2):18-22.
[11]张东兴.残膜回收机的设计[J].中国农业大学学报,1999,4(6):41-43.
[12]卢博友,薛少平,薛惠岚,等.弹齿滚筒式残膜捡拾机构捡膜特性分析[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2000,28(5):100-104.
[13]徐新惠,王维新,吴杰,等.滚筒式残膜回收机的理论设计和试验研究[J].农机化研究,2006,(3):123-124.
[14]徐良庆,肉孜·阿木提,李莉,等.杆齿栅筒式捡拾装置[J].新疆农业大学学报,1998,21(2):163-167.
[15]安军芳,王斌贝,张涛,等.残膜回收机伸缩杆式捡拾滚筒的改进设计[J].农业装备与车辆工程,2014,52(3):7-9.
[16]赵岩,郑炫,周敦兴.农田残膜捡拾打包联合作业机的研制[J].新疆农机化,2015,(1):6-7.