一种玉米地残膜捡拾机的设计与试验
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摘要
针对现有滚筒式/杆齿式残膜捡拾机存在卸膜困难、膜土分离困难、捡拾效率低及玉米根茬容易造成捡膜齿破坏等难题,设计了一种新型的玉米地破茬残膜捡拾机,由深松机构、破茬机构、仿地形起膜机构、捡拾机构、卸齿机构及切膜机构等部件组成。对关键零部件载荷进行了计算和应力分析,结构优化后加工制造样机。田间试验结果表明:该机可完成深松土壤、破茬、起膜、捡拾、卸齿及切膜工序,在随机挑选的农田中,玉米根茬破茬率在80%左右,捡拾率达到90%以上,工作效率为0. 5hm2/h。
In view of the difficulties of film unloading,separation of membrane and soil,low picking efficiency and damage caused by stubble of corn stubble,a new kind of picking machine was designed in this paper. The machine is composed of deep loosening mechanism,stubble breaking mechanism,terrain-like film-raising mechanism,picking-up mechanism,tooth unloading mechanism,film cutting mechanism and so on. The load of key parts is calculated and analyzed,and the prototype is manufactured after structural optimization. The results of field test show that the machine can complete deep soil loosening,stubble breaking,film-raising,picking up,tooth unloading and film cutting. In the randomly selected farmland,the stubble rate of corn stubble is over 80%,the picking rate is over 90%,and the working efficiency is 0. 5 hm2/h.
In view of the difficulties of film unloading,separation of membrane and soil,low picking efficiency and damage caused by stubble of corn stubble,a new kind of picking machine was designed in this paper. The machine is composed of deep loosening mechanism,stubble breaking mechanism,terrain-like film-raising mechanism,picking-up mechanism,tooth unloading mechanism,film cutting mechanism and so on. The load of key parts is calculated and analyzed,and the prototype is manufactured after structural optimization. The results of field test show that the machine can complete deep soil loosening,stubble breaking,film-raising,picking up,tooth unloading and film cutting. In the randomly selected farmland,the stubble rate of corn stubble is over 80%,the picking rate is over 90%,and the working efficiency is 0. 5 hm2/h.
引文
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[14]丁志欣.我国残地膜回收机相关标准分析[J].新疆农机化,2018(1):33-35
[2]李亚丽,石林榕,孙伟,等.一种新型残膜捡拾机的设计与试验[J].干旱地区农业研究,2015,33(5):253-257.
[3]张琴,李亚丽,王保爱,等.残膜捡拾机起膜铲的设计与仿真[J].中国农机化学报,2016,37(7):33-37.
[4]李雷霞,贾晶霞,李建东.土壤参数与马铃薯收获机牵引阻力的研究[J].农机化研究,2013,35(10):125-128.
[5]刘清海.一种折合套管脱卸废膜装置:中国,201310133582. 6[P]. 2013-04-17.
[6]陈智,田建民,万平,等.残膜卷收机:中国,201620617966. 4[P]. 2016-06-21.
[7]吴一非,戴飞,赵武云,等.全膜双垄沟地膜捡拾机的设计[J].干旱地区农业研究,2016,34(6):292-296.
[8]戴飞,赵武云,张锋伟,等.玉米全膜双垄沟残膜回收机作业性能优化与试验[J].农业工程学报,2016,32(18):50-60.
[9]郭笑欢,戴飞,赵武云,等.全膜双垄沟废膜捡拾打捆机的设计[J].中国农机化学报,2016(9):32-36.
[10]车刚,张伟,万霖,等.基于灭茬圆盘驱动旋耕刀多功能耕整机设计与试验[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(20):34-40.
[11]涂建平,徐雪红,夏忠义.秸秆还田机刀片及刀片优化排列的研究[J].农机化研究,2003(2):102-104.
[12]王浦舟,吴雪梅,张富贵,等.梳齿式自动仿形残膜捡拾机的设计及性能试验[J].中国烟草学报,2016,23(3):56-62.
[13]刘瑞江,张业旺,闻崇炜,等.正交试验设计和分析方法研究[J].实验技术与管理,2010(9):52-55.
[14]丁志欣.我国残地膜回收机相关标准分析[J].新疆农机化,2018(1):33-35