Droplet Motion and Phase Change Model with Two-Way Coupling
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摘要
The droplet interacts intensively with surrounding gas when moving and evaporating in the gas, of which the mutual effects of the gas and the evaporating droplet need to be taken into account. For the typical droplet model, the gas parameters are usually considered as that at infinity and the local parameter variation surrounding the droplet is neglected, consequently leading to some discrepancies. This research tries to develop a new moving droplet phase change model with two-phase coupling which characterizes the local parameter variation of gas phase surrounding the evaporating droplet. Firstly, the interaction mechanism of two phases is presented based on the droplet evaporation phenomena. Then, the droplet motion and phase change model is developed through the theoretical derivation. Subsequently, the analysis of the evaporation characteristics of the injected droplets in the hot air is conducted to simulate the operation process of the containment spray system in the nuclear power station. The numerical simulation indicates the refined droplet model is more capable for precise prediction of the situations with large quantities of evaporating droplets and with intensive interactions between two phases.
The droplet interacts intensively with surrounding gas when moving and evaporating in the gas, of which the mutual effects of the gas and the evaporating droplet need to be taken into account. For the typical droplet model, the gas parameters are usually considered as that at infinity and the local parameter variation surrounding the droplet is neglected, consequently leading to some discrepancies. This research tries to develop a new moving droplet phase change model with two-phase coupling which characterizes the local parameter variation of gas phase surrounding the evaporating droplet. Firstly, the interaction mechanism of two phases is presented based on the droplet evaporation phenomena. Then, the droplet motion and phase change model is developed through the theoretical derivation. Subsequently, the analysis of the evaporation characteristics of the injected droplets in the hot air is conducted to simulate the operation process of the containment spray system in the nuclear power station. The numerical simulation indicates the refined droplet model is more capable for precise prediction of the situations with large quantities of evaporating droplets and with intensive interactions between two phases.
The droplet interacts intensively with surrounding gas when moving and evaporating in the gas, of which the mutual effects of the gas and the evaporating droplet need to be taken into account. For the typical droplet model, the gas parameters are usually considered as that at infinity and the local parameter variation surrounding the droplet is neglected, consequently leading to some discrepancies. This research tries to develop a new moving droplet phase change model with two-phase coupling which characterizes the local parameter variation of gas phase surrounding the evaporating droplet. Firstly, the interaction mechanism of two phases is presented based on the droplet evaporation phenomena. Then, the droplet motion and phase change model is developed through the theoretical derivation. Subsequently, the analysis of the evaporation characteristics of the injected droplets in the hot air is conducted to simulate the operation process of the containment spray system in the nuclear power station. The numerical simulation indicates the refined droplet model is more capable for precise prediction of the situations with large quantities of evaporating droplets and with intensive interactions between two phases.
引文
[1]Ding P.,Liu Y.,Wang B.,et al.,The homogeneous and Lagrangian tracking approaches of the spray simulation in the containment.Annals of Nuclear Energy,2017,101:203-214.
[2]Castanet G.,LebouchéM.,Lemoine F.,Heat and mass transfer of combusting monodisperse droplets in a linear stream.International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,2005,48(16):3261-3275.
[3]Sazhin S.S.,Modelling of fuel droplet heating and evaporation:Recent results and unsolved problems.Fuel,2017,196:69-101.
[4]Grant G.,Brenton J.,Drysdale D.,Fire suppression by water sprays.Progress in Energy and Combustion Science,2000,26(2):79-130.
[5]Zhao F.,Zhao C.,Bo H.,Droplet phase change model and its application in wave-type vanes of steam generator.Annals of Nuclear Energy,2018,111:176-187.
[6]Zhao F.,Zhao C.,Bo H.,Numerical investigation of the separation performance of full-scale AP1000 steam-water separator.Annals of Nuclear Energy,2018,111:204-223.
[7]Zhang X.,Jia L.,Dang C.,et al.,Visualization investigation on flowing condensation in horizontal small channels with liquid separator.Journal of Thermal Science,2018,27(1):48-54.
[8]Abramzon B.,Sirignano W.A.,Droplet vaporization model for spray combustion calculations.International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,1989,32(9):1605-1618.
[9]Berlemont A.,Grancher M.S.,Gouesbet G.,Heat and mass transfer coupling between vaporizing droplets and turbulence using a lagrangian approach.International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,1995,38(16):3023-3034.
[10]Sazhin S.S.,Advanced models of fuel droplet heating and evaporation.Progress in Energy and Combustion Science,2006,32(2):162-214.
[11]Zhou Z.,Wang G.,Chen B.,et al.,Evaluation of evaporation models for single moving droplet with a high evaporation rate.Powder Technology,2013,240:95-102.
[12]He Y.,Li X.,Miao Z.,et al.,Two-phase modeling of mass transfer characteristics of a direct methanol fuel cell.Applied Thermal Engineering,2009,29(10):1998-2008.
[13]Labowsky M.,Calculation of the burning rates of interacting fuel droplets.Combustion Science&Technology,1980,22(5-6):217-226.
[14]Malet J.,Lemaitre P.,Porcheron E.,et al.,Modelling of sprays in containment applications:results of the TOSQAN spray benchmark(Test 101).Aix-en-Provence:Proceedings of the First European Review Meeting on Severe Accident Research,2005,pp.:1-12.
[15]Crowe C.T.,Schwarzkopf J.D.,Sommerfeld M.,et al.,Multiphase flows with droplets and particles(Second edition).Boca Raton:CRC Press,2012,pp.:17-290.
[16]Zhang H.,Liu Q.,Qin B.,et al.,Modeling droplet-laden flows in moisture separators using k-d trees.Annals of Nuclear Energy,2015,75:452-461.
[17]Zhang T.,Study on surface tension and evaporation rate of human saliva,saline,and water droplets.Charlottesvill:West Virginia University,2011.
[18]Poling B.E.,Prausnitz J.M.,O'Connell J.P.,The properties of gases and liquids,5th Edition.New York:MCGRAW-HILL,2001,pp.:635-691.
[19]Yang S.M.,Tao W.Q.,Heat transfer,fourth edition.Beijing:China Higher Education Press,2006,pp.:25-35.(in Chinese)
[20]Bovand M.,Rashidi S.,Ahmadi G.,et al.,Effects of trap and reflect particle boundary conditions on particle transport and convective heat transfer for duct flow-Atwo-way coupling of Eulerian-Lagrangian model.Applied Thermal Engineering,2016,108:368-377.
[21]Zhao H.,Li X.,Wu X.,Numerical investigation of supercritical water turbulent flow and heat transfer characteristics in vertical helical tubes.Journal of Supercritical Fluids,2017,35(3):155-157.
[22]Porcheron E.,Lemaitre P.,Nuboer A.,et al.,Experimental investigation in the TOSQAN facility of heat and mass transfers in a spray for containment application.Nuclear Engineering and Design,2007,237(15-17):1862-1871.
[2]Castanet G.,LebouchéM.,Lemoine F.,Heat and mass transfer of combusting monodisperse droplets in a linear stream.International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,2005,48(16):3261-3275.
[3]Sazhin S.S.,Modelling of fuel droplet heating and evaporation:Recent results and unsolved problems.Fuel,2017,196:69-101.
[4]Grant G.,Brenton J.,Drysdale D.,Fire suppression by water sprays.Progress in Energy and Combustion Science,2000,26(2):79-130.
[5]Zhao F.,Zhao C.,Bo H.,Droplet phase change model and its application in wave-type vanes of steam generator.Annals of Nuclear Energy,2018,111:176-187.
[6]Zhao F.,Zhao C.,Bo H.,Numerical investigation of the separation performance of full-scale AP1000 steam-water separator.Annals of Nuclear Energy,2018,111:204-223.
[7]Zhang X.,Jia L.,Dang C.,et al.,Visualization investigation on flowing condensation in horizontal small channels with liquid separator.Journal of Thermal Science,2018,27(1):48-54.
[8]Abramzon B.,Sirignano W.A.,Droplet vaporization model for spray combustion calculations.International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,1989,32(9):1605-1618.
[9]Berlemont A.,Grancher M.S.,Gouesbet G.,Heat and mass transfer coupling between vaporizing droplets and turbulence using a lagrangian approach.International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,1995,38(16):3023-3034.
[10]Sazhin S.S.,Advanced models of fuel droplet heating and evaporation.Progress in Energy and Combustion Science,2006,32(2):162-214.
[11]Zhou Z.,Wang G.,Chen B.,et al.,Evaluation of evaporation models for single moving droplet with a high evaporation rate.Powder Technology,2013,240:95-102.
[12]He Y.,Li X.,Miao Z.,et al.,Two-phase modeling of mass transfer characteristics of a direct methanol fuel cell.Applied Thermal Engineering,2009,29(10):1998-2008.
[13]Labowsky M.,Calculation of the burning rates of interacting fuel droplets.Combustion Science&Technology,1980,22(5-6):217-226.
[14]Malet J.,Lemaitre P.,Porcheron E.,et al.,Modelling of sprays in containment applications:results of the TOSQAN spray benchmark(Test 101).Aix-en-Provence:Proceedings of the First European Review Meeting on Severe Accident Research,2005,pp.:1-12.
[15]Crowe C.T.,Schwarzkopf J.D.,Sommerfeld M.,et al.,Multiphase flows with droplets and particles(Second edition).Boca Raton:CRC Press,2012,pp.:17-290.
[16]Zhang H.,Liu Q.,Qin B.,et al.,Modeling droplet-laden flows in moisture separators using k-d trees.Annals of Nuclear Energy,2015,75:452-461.
[17]Zhang T.,Study on surface tension and evaporation rate of human saliva,saline,and water droplets.Charlottesvill:West Virginia University,2011.
[18]Poling B.E.,Prausnitz J.M.,O'Connell J.P.,The properties of gases and liquids,5th Edition.New York:MCGRAW-HILL,2001,pp.:635-691.
[19]Yang S.M.,Tao W.Q.,Heat transfer,fourth edition.Beijing:China Higher Education Press,2006,pp.:25-35.(in Chinese)
[20]Bovand M.,Rashidi S.,Ahmadi G.,et al.,Effects of trap and reflect particle boundary conditions on particle transport and convective heat transfer for duct flow-Atwo-way coupling of Eulerian-Lagrangian model.Applied Thermal Engineering,2016,108:368-377.
[21]Zhao H.,Li X.,Wu X.,Numerical investigation of supercritical water turbulent flow and heat transfer characteristics in vertical helical tubes.Journal of Supercritical Fluids,2017,35(3):155-157.
[22]Porcheron E.,Lemaitre P.,Nuboer A.,et al.,Experimental investigation in the TOSQAN facility of heat and mass transfers in a spray for containment application.Nuclear Engineering and Design,2007,237(15-17):1862-1871.