纵振超声刀柄优化设计研究
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摘要
基于硬脆材料难加工的问题,在传统刀柄基础上进行改进设计出超声刀柄。以纵振超声刀柄为研究对象,利用Ansys对其进行模态和谐响应分析,得到刀柄各节点振型和幅频曲线。仿真结果表明,超声刀柄在23kHz频率附近存在轴向纵振模态,其振动节点位于变幅杆锥面上。用激光多普勒测振仪与阻抗分析仪测试超声刀柄刀具和尾部振幅及阻抗曲线。测试结果表明,谐振频率为23.9kHz时,最大振幅达到10.54μm,与仿真基本一致。最后通过在刀柄上安装平衡环,达到刀具振幅增大,刀柄尾部振幅减小的效果,提高了超声刀柄实际加工中的精度和稳定性。
Aiming at the problem that the hard and brittle materials are difficult to process,the ultrasonic shank is designed on the basis of the traditional shank.Taking the ultrasonic shank with longitudinal vibration as the research object,the modal and harmonious response analysis is carried out by using Ansys,and the vibration mode and amplitude-frequency curve of each node of the shank are obtained.The simulation results show that the ultrasonic shank has an axial longitudinal vibration mode near the frequency of 23 kHz,and its vibration node is located on the cone on the horn.The amplitude and impedance curve of the ultrasonic shank holder and tail are measured by a laser Doppler vibrometer and impedance analyzer.The test results show that the resonance frequency is 23.9kHz and the maximum amplitude is up to 10.54μm,which is basically consistent with the simulation.Finally,by installing a balance ring on the handle,the amplitude of the shank is increased while the amplitude of the tail of the shank is reduced,which improves the accuracy and stability of the ultrasonic shank in actual processing.
Aiming at the problem that the hard and brittle materials are difficult to process,the ultrasonic shank is designed on the basis of the traditional shank.Taking the ultrasonic shank with longitudinal vibration as the research object,the modal and harmonious response analysis is carried out by using Ansys,and the vibration mode and amplitude-frequency curve of each node of the shank are obtained.The simulation results show that the ultrasonic shank has an axial longitudinal vibration mode near the frequency of 23 kHz,and its vibration node is located on the cone on the horn.The amplitude and impedance curve of the ultrasonic shank holder and tail are measured by a laser Doppler vibrometer and impedance analyzer.The test results show that the resonance frequency is 23.9kHz and the maximum amplitude is up to 10.54μm,which is basically consistent with the simulation.Finally,by installing a balance ring on the handle,the amplitude of the shank is increased while the amplitude of the tail of the shank is reduced,which improves the accuracy and stability of the ultrasonic shank in actual processing.
引文
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[2]KUO Keilin.Design of rotary ultrasonic milling tool using FEM simulation[J].Journal of Materials Processing Tech,2008,201(1):48-52.
[3]WU Yongbo,YOKOYAMA S,SATO T,et al.Development of a new rotary ultrasonic spindle for precision ultrasonically assisted grinding[J].International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture,2009,49(12):933-938.
[4]林书玉.夹心式压电陶瓷功率超声换能器的优化设计[J].压电与声光,2003,25(3):199-202.LIN Shuyu.Optimization design of ultrasonic transducer for sandwich piezoelectric ceramic power[J].Piezoelectrics&Acoustooptics,2003,25(3):199-202.
[5]BRECHER C,SCHUG R,WEBER A,et al.New systematic and time-saving procedure to design cup grinding wheels for the application of ultrasonic-assisted grinding[J].The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,2010,47(1/4):153-159.
[6]张福学.压电学[M].北京:国防工业出版社,1984.
[7]倪振华.振动力学[M].西安:西安交通大学出版社,1989.
[8]林书玉.超声换能器的原理与设计[M].北京:科学出版社,2003.
[9]隆志力.芯片键合换能系统动力学特性与优化设计研究[D].长沙:中南大学,2007.
[10]朱晓黎.对于提高压电超声换能器阵指向性的研究[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2007.
[11]张向慧.旋转超声加工振动系统设计及关键技术的研究[D].北京:北京林业大学,2011.