基于换道决策机理的多车道元胞自动机模型
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摘要
在探索机动车驾驶换道决策机理,分析影响驾驶员换道决策内外因子的基础上,提出了以内部因子为决策变量,外部因子为约束条件的机动车多车道换道模型,并将其引入一维改进舒适驾驶元胞自动机模型,形成基于换道决策机理的多车道元胞自动机模型.不同V/C条件下该元胞自动机模型的运行分析表明:换道驾驶行为会导致自身及周边车辆的加减速、匀速、怠速等运行工况发生变化;不同的内外因子导致车流平均换道次数不同,车流平均速度的波动规律也不同.本文提出的多车道换道模型描述决策机理清晰,能同时描述多个内外因子的共同作用,具有很好的适应性与扩展性.
Based on exploring the driver's lane-changing decision mechanism and analyzing internal and external factors of driver's lane-changing decision, a multilane-changing model, which takes internal factors as decision variable and external factors as constraint condition, is developed. A modified multi-lane cellular automaton model based on lane-changing mechanism is formed by introducing this multilane-changing model into the one-dimensional comfortable driving cellular automaton model. The operation analysis under different V/C conditions of this cellular automaton model shows driver's lane-changing behavior should lead vehicle's working conditions about itself and surrounding vehicles to change, such as acceleration, deceleration, uniform speed and idle speed, etc.; different internal and external factors should not only lead average lane-changing number to difference, but also lead fluctuation of the average speed to difference. This multilane-changing model describes lane-changing decision mechanism clearly; and describes common effect of multiple internal and external factors also, has good adaptability and expansibility.
Based on exploring the driver's lane-changing decision mechanism and analyzing internal and external factors of driver's lane-changing decision, a multilane-changing model, which takes internal factors as decision variable and external factors as constraint condition, is developed. A modified multi-lane cellular automaton model based on lane-changing mechanism is formed by introducing this multilane-changing model into the one-dimensional comfortable driving cellular automaton model. The operation analysis under different V/C conditions of this cellular automaton model shows driver's lane-changing behavior should lead vehicle's working conditions about itself and surrounding vehicles to change, such as acceleration, deceleration, uniform speed and idle speed, etc.; different internal and external factors should not only lead average lane-changing number to difference, but also lead fluctuation of the average speed to difference. This multilane-changing model describes lane-changing decision mechanism clearly; and describes common effect of multiple internal and external factors also, has good adaptability and expansibility.
引文
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[5]赵韩涛,毛宏燕.有应急车辆影响的多车道交通流元胞自动机模型[J].物理学报,2013,62(6):53-60.[ZHAO H T,MAO H Y.Cellular automaton simulation of multi-lane traffic flow including emergency vehicle[J].Acta Phys.Sin,2013,62(6):53-60.]
[6]张柠溪,祝会兵,林亨,等.考虑动态车间距的一维元胞自动机交通流模型[J].物理学报,2015,64(2):299-305.[ZHANG N X,ZHU H B,LIN H,et al.Onedimensional cellular automaton model of traffic flow considering dynamic headway[J].Acta Phys.Sin,2015,64(2):299-305.]
[7]JIANG R,WU Q S.Cellular automata models for synchronized traffic flow[J].Journal of Physics AGeneral Physics,2003,36(2):381-390.
[2]吴大艳,谭惠丽,等.三车道元胞自动机交通流模型研究[J].系统工程学报,2005,20(4):393-397.[WU D Y,TAN H L,et al.Study on a three-lane cellular automata traffic flow model[J].Journal of Systems Engineering,2005,20(4):393-397.]
[3]李娟,曲大义,刘聪,等.基于元胞自动机的车辆换道行为研究[J].公路交通科技,2016,33(11):140-145.[LI J,QU D Y,LIU C,et al.Study on vehicle lanechanging behavior based on cellular automaton[J].Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development,2016,33(11):140-145.]
[4]刘有军,曹珊.基于元胞自动机的强制换道模型研究[J].交通信息与安全,2009,3(27):78-80.[LIU Y J,CAO S.Compulsory lane-changing traffic model based on cellular automaton[J].Journal of Transport Information and Safety,2009,3(27):78-80.]
[5]赵韩涛,毛宏燕.有应急车辆影响的多车道交通流元胞自动机模型[J].物理学报,2013,62(6):53-60.[ZHAO H T,MAO H Y.Cellular automaton simulation of multi-lane traffic flow including emergency vehicle[J].Acta Phys.Sin,2013,62(6):53-60.]
[6]张柠溪,祝会兵,林亨,等.考虑动态车间距的一维元胞自动机交通流模型[J].物理学报,2015,64(2):299-305.[ZHANG N X,ZHU H B,LIN H,et al.Onedimensional cellular automaton model of traffic flow considering dynamic headway[J].Acta Phys.Sin,2015,64(2):299-305.]
[7]JIANG R,WU Q S.Cellular automata models for synchronized traffic flow[J].Journal of Physics AGeneral Physics,2003,36(2):381-390.