公交进站换道行为对车头时距的影响
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摘要
公交车进站换道行为属于城市道路上的常发性、强制性换道行为.为了探寻因其导致的公交站上游交通组织状态混乱的影响因素,定性分析了公交车进站换道行为的过程,并且借助实际调查数据,定量分析换道耗时、换道次数、离站路程、穿越车道数和交通量这5个因素与车头时距的关系.基于主成分分析法,建立了车头时距与上述5个因素的多元线性回归模型,模型检验效果良好,效果优于经验回归模型.结果表明:公交进站换道对车头时距的影响过程,第1主成分主要反映换道耗时,而换道次数不满足主成分要求,对车头时距影响相对不明显;除了离站路程与车头时距成反比,其余4个因素与车头时距均成正比,即在高峰时期,公交车进站换道位置离站越远,较少的换道耗时、换道次数、穿越车道数或交通量都有助于改善公交站上游车辆交通状况.
Bus entering lane change( BELC) is a kind of permanent and mandatory lane change behavior on the city road. To find out the factors that influence traffic organization and efficiency within upstream of bus stop,the process of bus lane change behavior was analyzed. The relationship among lane change time, lane change frequency, stop distance, number of crossed lanes and traffic volume was quantitatively analyzed based on the actual survey data. According to the principal component analysis method,a multivariate linear regression model of the headway with the above five factors was established.The proposed model was proved that it can better meet the test than the empirical regression model. The results show that during the BELC,the first principal component mainly reflects the lane change time,while the lane change frequency does not meet the main component requirements with slight effect on headway. The stop distance is negative to the headway,while the other four factors are proportional to the headway. Lengthening lane change distance,reducing duration and cross numbers of lane change and decreasing traffic volume can improve traffic conditions around bus stop.
Bus entering lane change( BELC) is a kind of permanent and mandatory lane change behavior on the city road. To find out the factors that influence traffic organization and efficiency within upstream of bus stop,the process of bus lane change behavior was analyzed. The relationship among lane change time, lane change frequency, stop distance, number of crossed lanes and traffic volume was quantitatively analyzed based on the actual survey data. According to the principal component analysis method,a multivariate linear regression model of the headway with the above five factors was established.The proposed model was proved that it can better meet the test than the empirical regression model. The results show that during the BELC,the first principal component mainly reflects the lane change time,while the lane change frequency does not meet the main component requirements with slight effect on headway. The stop distance is negative to the headway,while the other four factors are proportional to the headway. Lengthening lane change distance,reducing duration and cross numbers of lane change and decreasing traffic volume can improve traffic conditions around bus stop.
引文
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[12]林丽.城市隧道出口公交车换道行为对交通流的影响[J].公路交通科技,2015,32(4):113-117.LIN L.Traffic flow affected by bus lane-changing behavior at urban tunnel exit[J].Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development,2015,32(4):113-117.(in Chinese)
[2]WONG S C,YANG H,YEUNG A,et al.Delay at signal-controlled intersection with bus stop upstream[J].Journal of Transportation Engineering,1998,124(3):229-234.
[3]GU W H,CASSIDY M J,GAYAH V V,et al.Mitigating negative impacts of near-side bus stops on cars[J].Transportation Research Part B,2013,47:42-56.
[4]HAN F C,HAN Y,MA M T,et al.Research on traffic wave characteristics of bus in and out of stop on urban expressway[J].Procedia Engineering,2016,137:309-314.
[5]JIN W L.A multi-commodity Lighthill-Whitham-Richards model of lane-changing traffic flow[J].Transportation Research Part B,2013,57:361-377.
[6]LAVAL J,CASSIDY M,DAGANZO C.Impacts of lane changes at on-ramp bottlenecks:a theory and strategies to maximize capacity[J].Traffic and Granular Flow,2007,5:577-586.
[7]孟祥燕.高等级道路交织区通行能力研究[D].南京:东南大学,2006.
[8]李耘.高速公路施工区交通流特性与安全风险分析[D].西安:长安大学,2014.
[9]尹小梅.公交车辆进出站行为对道路交通流的影响研究[D].长沙:长沙理工大学,2010.
[10]向红艳,刘悦棋,刘秀彩,等.基于反向传播神经网络模型的公交进站换道决策行为分析[J].科学技术与工程,2017,17(26):302-307.XIANG H Y,LIU Y Q,LIU X C,et al.The decision making of bus entering lane-changing behavior analyzed by back-propagation neural network model[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2017,17(26):302-307.(in Chinese)
[11]司守奎.数学建模算法与应用[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2011.
[12]林丽.城市隧道出口公交车换道行为对交通流的影响[J].公路交通科技,2015,32(4):113-117.LIN L.Traffic flow affected by bus lane-changing behavior at urban tunnel exit[J].Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development,2015,32(4):113-117.(in Chinese)