基于模型的DPF主动再生排气温度控制
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摘要
颗粒物捕集器(DPF)主动再生发生时需要将柴油发动机排气温度提升到500℃以上并维持在较长一段时间内。为减少由于控制对象纯滞后特性、强扰动因素引起的不确定性,降低高排气温度带来的主动再生风险,结合基于模型的控制策略提出了一种优化的再生温度控制算法和控制器结构,并展开了仿真分析、参数优化等研究工作。设计的控制结构考虑实际工程应用需求,采用基于发动机排气温度和排气流量的增益补偿和前馈加反馈控制方案,可兼顾性能和成本因素,并具有较强的适应性和可操作性。仿真和台架试验、车辆道路试验结果均表明,主动再生过程中对实际排温控制的超调量小于3%,在发动机瞬态工况和车辆运行等强扰动工作工况下的稳态控制误差小于25℃。
Initiation of active regeneration of diesel particulate filter(DPF) requires that the diesel engine exhaust gas temperature be raised to 500℃ or above and maintained at the operating temperature for a moderately long period of time. To reduce the uncertainties by time-delays and strong disturbances of the control object and risks of active regeneration caused by high exhaust temperature, an optimized regeneration temperature control algorithm and controller structure are proposed based on model-based control strategy development, and simulation analysis and parameter optimization are carried out. Considering practical application requirements, the designed control structure adopts the scheme of gain compensation, feedforward solution and feedback control based on engine exhaust temperature and exhaust flow, which takes account of both cost and performance and has strong adaptability and operability. The results of simulation, bench test and vehicle road test show that the overshoot of actual exhaust temperature control in active regeneration process is less than 3% and the steady-state control error remains less than 25℃ even under aggressive disturbances during transient vehicle operation.
Initiation of active regeneration of diesel particulate filter(DPF) requires that the diesel engine exhaust gas temperature be raised to 500℃ or above and maintained at the operating temperature for a moderately long period of time. To reduce the uncertainties by time-delays and strong disturbances of the control object and risks of active regeneration caused by high exhaust temperature, an optimized regeneration temperature control algorithm and controller structure are proposed based on model-based control strategy development, and simulation analysis and parameter optimization are carried out. Considering practical application requirements, the designed control structure adopts the scheme of gain compensation, feedforward solution and feedback control based on engine exhaust temperature and exhaust flow, which takes account of both cost and performance and has strong adaptability and operability. The results of simulation, bench test and vehicle road test show that the overshoot of actual exhaust temperature control in active regeneration process is less than 3% and the steady-state control error remains less than 25℃ even under aggressive disturbances during transient vehicle operation.
引文
[1] OOTAKE M, KONDOU T, IKEDA M, et al. Development of diesel engine system with DPF for the european market[C]. SAE Paper 2007-01-1061.
[2] SUGINO T, TANAKA E, TRAN H, et al. Development of meshwork DPF catalyst for fuel economy improvement[C]. SAE Paper 2017-01-0925.
[3] BOGER T, ROSE D, TILGNER I. Regeneration strategies for an enhanced thermal management of oxide diesel particulate filters[C]. SAE Paper 2008-01-0328.
[4] STENNING L. Strategies for achieving pre DPF regeneration temperatures using in cylinder post injection on a common rail diesel engine with EGR, DOC and intake throttle[C]. SAE Paper 2010-36-0306.
[5] PETIT N. Model-based control of automotive engines and after-treatment devices[J]. IFAC Proceedings Volumes,2013,46(2):208-213.
[6] 臧志成,朱磊,陈凌云,等.DPF喷油助燃主被动再生系统电控单元开发[J].内燃机工程,2016,37(5):74-79.
[7] ECK C, NAKANO F. Robust DPF regeneration control for cost-effective small commercial vehicles[C]. SAE Paper 2017-24-0123.
[8] BENCHERIF K, WISSEL D, LANSKY L, et al. Model predictive control as a solution for standardized controller synthesis and reduced development time application example to diesel particulate filter temperature control[C]. SAE Paper 2015-01-1632.
[9] LEPREUX O, CREFF Y, PETIT N. Model-based temperature control of a diesel oxidation catalyst[J]. Journal of Process Control,2012,22(1):41-50.
[10] 黄开胜,马晗清.基于Simulink和AVL Boost的DPF再生系统建模和控制策略研究[J].内燃机工程,2013,34(s1):19-24.
[11] KABIR M, ALGINAHI Y, ISLAM K. Simulation of oxidation catalyst converter for after-treatment in diesel engines[J]. International Journal of Automotive Technology,2015,16(2):193-199.
[12] NAGAR N, HE X, IYENGAR V, et al. Real time implementation of DOC-DPF models on a production-intent ECU for controls and diagnostics of a PM emission control system[C]. SAE Paper 2009-01-2904.
[13] FLORCHINGER P, ZINK U, CUTLER W, et al. DPF Regeneration-Concept to avoid uncontrolled regeneration during idle[C]. SAE Paper 2004-01-2657.
[14] 李新.基于喷油助燃再生的柴油车颗粒物后处理技术研究[D].武汉:武汉理工大学,2009.
[15] ZHAN R, HUANG Y, KHAIR M. Methodologies to control DPF uncontrolled regenerations[C]. SAE Paper 2006-01-1090.
[2] SUGINO T, TANAKA E, TRAN H, et al. Development of meshwork DPF catalyst for fuel economy improvement[C]. SAE Paper 2017-01-0925.
[3] BOGER T, ROSE D, TILGNER I. Regeneration strategies for an enhanced thermal management of oxide diesel particulate filters[C]. SAE Paper 2008-01-0328.
[4] STENNING L. Strategies for achieving pre DPF regeneration temperatures using in cylinder post injection on a common rail diesel engine with EGR, DOC and intake throttle[C]. SAE Paper 2010-36-0306.
[5] PETIT N. Model-based control of automotive engines and after-treatment devices[J]. IFAC Proceedings Volumes,2013,46(2):208-213.
[6] 臧志成,朱磊,陈凌云,等.DPF喷油助燃主被动再生系统电控单元开发[J].内燃机工程,2016,37(5):74-79.
[7] ECK C, NAKANO F. Robust DPF regeneration control for cost-effective small commercial vehicles[C]. SAE Paper 2017-24-0123.
[8] BENCHERIF K, WISSEL D, LANSKY L, et al. Model predictive control as a solution for standardized controller synthesis and reduced development time application example to diesel particulate filter temperature control[C]. SAE Paper 2015-01-1632.
[9] LEPREUX O, CREFF Y, PETIT N. Model-based temperature control of a diesel oxidation catalyst[J]. Journal of Process Control,2012,22(1):41-50.
[10] 黄开胜,马晗清.基于Simulink和AVL Boost的DPF再生系统建模和控制策略研究[J].内燃机工程,2013,34(s1):19-24.
[11] KABIR M, ALGINAHI Y, ISLAM K. Simulation of oxidation catalyst converter for after-treatment in diesel engines[J]. International Journal of Automotive Technology,2015,16(2):193-199.
[12] NAGAR N, HE X, IYENGAR V, et al. Real time implementation of DOC-DPF models on a production-intent ECU for controls and diagnostics of a PM emission control system[C]. SAE Paper 2009-01-2904.
[13] FLORCHINGER P, ZINK U, CUTLER W, et al. DPF Regeneration-Concept to avoid uncontrolled regeneration during idle[C]. SAE Paper 2004-01-2657.
[14] 李新.基于喷油助燃再生的柴油车颗粒物后处理技术研究[D].武汉:武汉理工大学,2009.
[15] ZHAN R, HUANG Y, KHAIR M. Methodologies to control DPF uncontrolled regenerations[C]. SAE Paper 2006-01-1090.