凤眼莲融合活性污泥对生活污水的净化效能研究
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摘要
以水生植物为核心的生态修复技术日益向污水处理领域拓展,但因其占地面积大导致应用受到一定的限制.为提高水生植物系统的净化效能,设计了一种凤眼莲融合活性污泥好氧净化系统,实验研究了该系统对低碳氮比生活污水的净化效能并分析了其净化机理.结果表明,单独凤眼莲对污水中的氮磷去除效能较微生物低,但构建凤眼莲融合活性污泥好氧净化系统可同时发挥植物吸收和生物降解的作用,显著提高N、P、COD等污染物的去除效果,为污水植物净化系统的工程应用提供有益的依据.
The ecological restoration technology based on aquatic plants is increasingly expanding into the field of sewage treatment,but the application is limited due to its occupied large area. To improve the efficiency of the aquatic plant purification system,a purification system of Eichhornia crassipes combined with activated sludge is designed. The purification efficiency of domestic wastewater with low carbon and nitrogen ratio is studied and its purification mechanism is analyzed. The results show that the removal efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus in the single system of Eichhornia crassipes is lower than those of microorganisms. However,the aerobic purification system of Eichhornia crassipes combined with activated sludge can exert plant uptake and biodegradation at the same time,which can significantly improve the removal efficiency of N,P,COD and other pollutants. It provides a useful basis for the engineering application of sewage plant purification system.
The ecological restoration technology based on aquatic plants is increasingly expanding into the field of sewage treatment,but the application is limited due to its occupied large area. To improve the efficiency of the aquatic plant purification system,a purification system of Eichhornia crassipes combined with activated sludge is designed. The purification efficiency of domestic wastewater with low carbon and nitrogen ratio is studied and its purification mechanism is analyzed. The results show that the removal efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus in the single system of Eichhornia crassipes is lower than those of microorganisms. However,the aerobic purification system of Eichhornia crassipes combined with activated sludge can exert plant uptake and biodegradation at the same time,which can significantly improve the removal efficiency of N,P,COD and other pollutants. It provides a useful basis for the engineering application of sewage plant purification system.
引文
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[16]金春华,陆开宏,胡智勇,等.粉绿狐尾藻和凤眼莲对不同形态氮吸收动力学研究[J].水生生物学报,2011,35(1):75-79.JIN C H,LU K H,HU Z Y,et al.Kinetics of ammonium and nitrate uptake by Myriophyllum aquaticum and Eichhornia Crassipes[J].Acta hydrobiologica sinica,2011,35(1):75-79.(in Chinese)
[17]张迎颖,张志勇,刘海琴,等.滇池凤眼莲种养水域水体理化指标24小时变化规律[J].环境工程学报,2015,9(1):137-144.ZHANG Y Y,ZHANG Z Y,LIU H Q,et al.24 hour change rule of physical and chemical indexes in water area of Lake Dianchi with water hyacinth(Eichhornia crassipes)cultivated[J].Chinese journal of environmental engineering,2015,9(1):137-144.(in Chinese).
[2]蒋伟军,颜幼平,李萍.水葫芦资源化利用综述[J].水资源保护,2010,26(6):79-83.JIANG W J,YAN Y P,LI P.Progress in resources utilization of Eichharnia crassipes[J].Water resources protection,2010,26(6):79-83.(in Chinese)
[3]刘国锋,张志勇,严少华,等.大水面放养水葫芦对太湖竺山湖水环境净化效果的影响[J].环境科学,2011,32(5):1299-1305.LIU G F,ZHANG Z Y,YAN S H,et al.Purification effects of large-area planting water hyacinth on water environment of Zhushan Bay,Lake Taihu[J].Environmental science,2011,32(5):1299-1305.(in Chinese)
[4]王智,张志勇,韩亚平,等.滇池湖湾大水域种养水葫芦对水质的影响分析[J].环境工程学报,2012,6(11):3827-3832.WANG Z,ZHANG Z Y,HAN Y P,et al.Effects of large-area planting water hyacinth(eichhornia crassipes)on water quality in the bay of Lake Dianchi[J].Chinese journal of environmental engineering,2012,6(11):3827-3832.(in Chinese)
[5]WANG Z,ZHANG Z,ZHANG Y,et al.Nijijintrogen removal from Lake Caohai,a typical ultra-eutrophic lake in China with large scale confined growth of Eichhornia crassipes[J].Chemosphere,2013,92(2):177-183.
[6]VAILLANT N,MONNET F,SALLANON H,et al.Treatment of domestic wastewater by an hydroponic NFT system[J].Chemosphere,2003,50(1):121-129.
[7]SOOKNAH R D,WILKIE A C.Nutrient removal by floating aquatic macrophytes cultured in anaerobically digested flushed dairy manure wastewater[J].Ecological engineering,2004,22(1):27-42.
[8]刘鸣达,赵玉婷,何娜,等.凤眼莲去除垃圾渗滤液中的COD、NH3-N和TP[J].环境工程学报,2012,6(6):1875-1879.LIU M D,ZHAO Y T,HE N,et al.Removal of COD,NH3-N and TP in landfill leachate by Eichhornia crassipes[J].Chinese journal of environmental engineering,2012,6(6):1875-1879.(in Chinese)
[9]马涛,易能,张振华,等.凤眼莲根系分泌氧和有机碳规律及其对水体氮转化影响的研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2014,33(10):2003-2013.MA T,YI N,ZHANG Z H,et al.Oxygen and organic carbon releases from roots of Eichhornia crassipes and their influence on transformation of nitrogen in water[J].Journal of agro-environment science,2014,33(10):2003-2013.(in Chinese)
[10]袁蓉,刘建武,成旦红,等.凤眼莲对多环芳烃(萘)有机废水的净化[J].上海大学学报(自然科学版),2004,10(3):272-276.YUAN R,LIU J W,CHENG D H,et al.Removal of naphthalene by Eichhornia crassipes solms and study on the mechanism[J].Journal of Shanghai university(natural science edition),2004,10(3):272-276.(in Chinese)
[11]GAO Y,YI N,WANG Y,et al.Effect of Eichhornia crassipes,on production of N2,by denitrification in eutrophic water[J].Ecological engineering,2014,68:14-24.
[12]张芳,易能,邸攀攀,等.不同水生植物的除氮效率及对生物脱氮过程的调节作用[J].生态与农村环境学报,2017,33(2):174-180.ZHANG F,YI N,DI P P,et al.Nitrogen removal efficiency and control of bio-denitrification process of aquatic plants[J].Journal of ecology and rural environment,2017,33(2):174-180.(in Chinese)
[13]国家环境保护总局水和废水监测分析方法编委会.水和废水监测分析方法[M].4版.北京:中国环境科学出版社,2002.EDITORIAL COMMITTEE OF WATER AND WASTEWATER MONITORING AND ANALYSIS METHODS OF THE STATEENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ADMINISTRATION.Water and wastewater monitoring and analysis methods[M].4th ed.Beijing:China Environmental Science Press,2002.(in Chinese)
[14]张强.低浓度底物好氧降解趋势及SMP产出[D].北京:清华大学,2002.ZHANG Q.Aerobic degradation trend of low concentration substrates and SMP output[D].Beijing:Tsinghua University,2002.(in Chinese)
[15]王弘宇,马放,苏俊峰,等.好氧反硝化菌株的鉴定及其反硝化特性研究[J].环境科学,2007,28(7):1548-1552.WANG H Y,MA F,SU J F,et al.Identification and characterization of a bacterial strain C3 capable of aerobic denitrification[J].Environmental science,2007,28(7):1548-1552.(in Chinese)
[16]金春华,陆开宏,胡智勇,等.粉绿狐尾藻和凤眼莲对不同形态氮吸收动力学研究[J].水生生物学报,2011,35(1):75-79.JIN C H,LU K H,HU Z Y,et al.Kinetics of ammonium and nitrate uptake by Myriophyllum aquaticum and Eichhornia Crassipes[J].Acta hydrobiologica sinica,2011,35(1):75-79.(in Chinese)
[17]张迎颖,张志勇,刘海琴,等.滇池凤眼莲种养水域水体理化指标24小时变化规律[J].环境工程学报,2015,9(1):137-144.ZHANG Y Y,ZHANG Z Y,LIU H Q,et al.24 hour change rule of physical and chemical indexes in water area of Lake Dianchi with water hyacinth(Eichhornia crassipes)cultivated[J].Chinese journal of environmental engineering,2015,9(1):137-144.(in Chinese).