聚集用火下热探测器响应温度的研究
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摘要
为得出聚集用火下建筑物天花板平面热探测器响应温度的计算公式,采用PyroSim 2015软件进行建模,在模型天花板平面内设置一系列的热电偶代替热探测器监测温度变化,在热释放速率(HRR)分别为1,5,10,20,30 kW和天花板高度分别为3,5,7 m的条件下进行15次数值模拟,对模拟结果数据分析、处理及拟合。研究表明:羽流中心线处温度远高于其他位置;羽流中心线处响应温度随着天花板高度的升高而降低,且与HRR存在显著的二次函数关系;其他位置处响应温度随着天花板高度的升高而降低,随着到羽流中心线距离的增大而降低,且与HRR和到羽流中心线的距离存在显著的二次函数关系。结合室内全年最高温度及补偿温度,建立出聚集用火下热探测器响应温度的计算公式。
To obtain the calculation formula for the response temperature of thermal detector on the ceiling plane of the buildings with the clustered using fire, the modeling was carried out by using PyroSim 2015 software. A series of thermocouples were set on the ceiling plane of the model instead of the thermal detectors to monitor the temperature change,and 15 numerical simulation were conducted when the heat release rate( HRR) was 1,5,10,20,30 kW respectively and the ceiling height was 3,5,7 m respectively,then the data of simulation results were analyzed,processed and fitted. The results showed that the temperature at the center line of the plume was much higher than those at the other locations. The response temperature at the center line of the plume decreased with the increase of ceiling height,and it had a significant quadratic function relationship with the HRR. The response temperature at the other locations decreased with the increase of ceiling height and decreased with the increasing distance to the center line of the plume,and it had a significant quadratic function relationship with the HRR and the distance to the center line of the plume. A calculation formula for the response temperature of thermal detector in clustered using fire was established by combining with the indoor annual maximum temperature and compensation temperature.
To obtain the calculation formula for the response temperature of thermal detector on the ceiling plane of the buildings with the clustered using fire, the modeling was carried out by using PyroSim 2015 software. A series of thermocouples were set on the ceiling plane of the model instead of the thermal detectors to monitor the temperature change,and 15 numerical simulation were conducted when the heat release rate( HRR) was 1,5,10,20,30 kW respectively and the ceiling height was 3,5,7 m respectively,then the data of simulation results were analyzed,processed and fitted. The results showed that the temperature at the center line of the plume was much higher than those at the other locations. The response temperature at the center line of the plume decreased with the increase of ceiling height,and it had a significant quadratic function relationship with the HRR. The response temperature at the other locations decreased with the increase of ceiling height and decreased with the increasing distance to the center line of the plume,and it had a significant quadratic function relationship with the HRR and the distance to the center line of the plume. A calculation formula for the response temperature of thermal detector in clustered using fire was established by combining with the indoor annual maximum temperature and compensation temperature.
引文
[1]中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部.火灾自动报警系统设计规范:GB 50116-2013[S].北京:中国计划出版社,2014.
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[6]EVANS D D,STROUP D W.Methods to calculate the response time of heat and smoke detectors installed below large unobstructed ceilings[J].Fire Technology,1985,22(1):54-65.
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[10]田水承,张成镇.古建筑用火源感温探测器响应温度研究[J].消防科学与技术,2017,36(11):1554-1557.TIAN Shuicheng,ZHANG Chengzhen.Study on response temperature of temperature detectors in ancient buildings with incense[J].Fire Science and Technology,2017,36(11):1554-1557.
[11]NIST.Pyro Sim User Manual[M].Manhattan,2010.
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[13]王远.大型建筑火灾蔓延模拟研究[D].北京:北京建筑工程学院,2012.
[2]NAKANISHI S,NOMURA J,KURIO T,et al.Intelligent Fire Warning System Using Fuzzy Technology[J].Journal of Japan Society for Fuzzy Theory and Systems,1993,5(1):95-107.
[3]ISHII H,YAMAUCHI T O,OHTANI S.An algorithm for improving the reliability of detection with processing of multiple sensors signal[J].Fire Safety Journal,1991,17(6):469-484.
[4]KANWAL K,LIAQUAT A,MUGHAL M,et al.Towards development of a low cost early fire detection system using wireless sensor network and machine vision[J].Wireless Pers Commun,2017(95):475-489.
[5]BEEVER P F.Estimating the response of thermal detectors[J].Journal of Fire Protection Engineering,1990,2(1):11-24.
[6]EVANS D D,STROUP D W.Methods to calculate the response time of heat and smoke detectors installed below large unobstructed ceilings[J].Fire Technology,1985,22(1):54-65.
[7]MILKE J,ZEVOTEK R.Analysis of the response of smoke detectors to smoldering fires and nuisance sources[J].Fire Technology,2016(52):1235-1253.
[8]HURLEY M J,MUNGUIA A.Analysis of prediction capability of FDS for response of thermal detectors[J].Journal of Fire Protection Engineering,2010,20(5):77-99.
[9]GEIMAN J A,GOTTUK D T and MILKE J A.Evaluation of smoke detector response estimation methods:Optical density,temperature rise,and velocity at alarm[J].Journal of Fire Protection Engineering,2006(16):251-268.
[10]田水承,张成镇.古建筑用火源感温探测器响应温度研究[J].消防科学与技术,2017,36(11):1554-1557.TIAN Shuicheng,ZHANG Chengzhen.Study on response temperature of temperature detectors in ancient buildings with incense[J].Fire Science and Technology,2017,36(11):1554-1557.
[11]NIST.Pyro Sim User Manual[M].Manhattan,2010.
[12]MCGRATTAN K.Fire dynamics simulator(version 5)technical reference guide[M].NIST Special Publication,2001.
[13]王远.大型建筑火灾蔓延模拟研究[D].北京:北京建筑工程学院,2012.