21世纪控制论的发展态势:纪念控制论创立70周年(1948–2018)(评论)
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摘要
论文认同控制论应定位为技术科学.它的核心部分(基本原理或核心理念)和它的各分支是一个整体.并认为控制论的发展必定是波浪式.据此才能对控制论现今发展态势作出正确的估计和评价.论文汇总核心部分的14个基本原理或核心理念;核心部分和分支相辅相成地发展.在两者发展的基础上,控制论定义会再更新.最后论文列举出控制论各分支的研究热点.
This paper holds that cybernetics should be positioned as technological science. Its core part(fundamental principles or core ideas) and various branches should be considered as a whole. The development of cybernetics is bound to be wavy. On this basis the development trend for Cybernetic today can correctly be estimated and evaluated. The paper summarizes 14 fundamental principles or core ideas for the core part of cybernetics. The core part and the branches develop complementarily. On the basis of development of both the definition of cybernetics will be renewed. Finally, the paper enumerates some research hotspots for branches of cybernetics.
This paper holds that cybernetics should be positioned as technological science. Its core part(fundamental principles or core ideas) and various branches should be considered as a whole. The development of cybernetics is bound to be wavy. On this basis the development trend for Cybernetic today can correctly be estimated and evaluated. The paper summarizes 14 fundamental principles or core ideas for the core part of cybernetics. The core part and the branches develop complementarily. On the basis of development of both the definition of cybernetics will be renewed. Finally, the paper enumerates some research hotspots for branches of cybernetics.
引文
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[7]WAN Baiwu.Past,present and all about of systems and controlTo commemorate the 120 anniversary of the birth of the founder of Cybernetics Norbert Wiener(1894-2014)[J].All About Systems and Control,2014,1(1):6-12.(万百五.系统与控制的今昔与纵横——纪念控制论创始人诺伯特·维纳诞生120周年[J].系统控制纵横,2014,1(1):6-12.)
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[10]CONWAY F,SIEGELMAN J.Dark Hero of the Information Age:In Search of Norbert Wiener,the Father of Cybernetics[M].New York:Stillpoint Press,2005.
[11]New World Encyclopedia.Cybernetics[EB/OL].www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entr...ernetics.24 July 2013.
[12]HAVEL IVAN M.Cybernetics still alive[J].Kybernetika,2008,44(3):314-327.
[13]HEYLIGHEN F,JOSLYN C.Cybernetics and second-order cybernetics[M]//Encyclopedia of Physical Science&Technology(3rd ed.).New York:Academic Press,2001.
[14]POLONNIKOV R,YUSUPOV R.Will the 21st century accept Cybernetics?[J].Journal of Automation and Information Sciences,2001,33(12):1-15.
[15]SHARMA A,SENGAR C,BISHT L,et al.Cybernetics-The new era arrives[J].International Journal of Advancements in Research&Technology,2012,1(7):118-124.
[16]ASARO P M.What ever happened to Cybernetics.Geist in der Maschine.Medien,Prozesse und Raume der Kybernetik,In:Monochrom Yearbook 2007,Umea University[M].Austria:Verlag Turia&Kant,2010.
[17]WAN Baiwu.Sixty years of Cybernetics since funding[J].Control Theory&Applications,2008,25(4):597-602.(万百五.控制论创立60年[J].控制理论与应用,2008,25(4):597-602.)
[18]KLINE R.The Cybernetics Moment,or,Why We Call Our Age the Information Age[M].Baltimore,USA:Johns Hopkins University Press,2015.
[19]WAN Baiwu.Second-order cybernetics and its applications[J].Control Theory&Applications,2010,27(8):1053-1059.(万百五.二阶控制论及其应用[J].控制理论与应用,2010,27(8):1053-1059.)
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[22]QIAN Xuesen.Talk about the system of system science again[J].Systems Engineering-Theory and Practice,1981,1(l):2-4.(钱学森.再谈系统科学的体系[J].系统工程理论与实践,1981,1(l):2-4.)
[23]QIAN Xuesen.My understanding the course of systematics[M]//Creation of Systematics.Shanghai:Shanghai Jiaotong University Press,2009.(钱学森.我对系统学的认识历程[M]//创建系统学.上海:上海交通大学出版社,2009.)
[24]WIENER N.Cybernetics:Control and Communication in the Animal and the Machine[M].Second Edition,Boston,USA:MIT Press.1963.
[25]WIENER N.The Human Use of Human Beings:Cybernetics and Society[M].Boston,USA:Houghton Mifflin,1950.(维纳N.人有人的用处——控制论与社会[M].陈步,译.北京:商务印书馆,1978.)
[26]ASHBY W R.Design for a Brain:The Origin of Adaptive Behavior[M].London,UK:Chapman&Hall,1952.2nd edition 1960.(W R艾什比.大脑设计——适应性行为的起源[M].1952,乐秀成,等译.北京:商务印书馆,1991.)
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[29]WEINER N.God&Golem,Inc.:A Comment on Certain Points Where Cybernetics Impinges on Religion.USA:MIT Press,1966.
[30]MEAD M.The cybernetics of cybernetics[C]//Purposive Systems.Proceedings of the First Annual Symposium of the American Society for Cybernetics.New York,Washington:Spartan Books,1968.
[31]ASHBY W R.Principles of the self-organizing system[M]//VONFOERSTER H,ZOPF G.Principles of Self-Organization:The Illinois Symposium on Theory and Technology of Self-Organizing Systems.London:Pergamon Press,1962:255-278.
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[35]BAECKER D.The Culture of Cybernetics[J].Constructivist Foundations,2010,5(2):102-103.
[36]The George Washington University.The origins of Cybernetics[EB/OL].www.gwu.edu/～asc/origin.html.2005-2-4.
[37]UMPLEBY S.The science of cybernetics and the cybernetics of science[J].Cybernetics and Systems,1990,21(1):109-121.
[38]ASC.American Society of Cybernetics 2005 Conference[EB/OL].www.asc-cybernetics.org/005/index.htm.26 October,2005.
[39]ZENG Qingcun.Natural cybernetics[J].Climatic and Environmental Research,1996,1(1):11-20.(曾庆存.自然控制论[J].气候与环境研究,1996,1(1):11-20.)
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[41]QIAN Xuesen,SONG Jian.Engineering Cybernetics[M].Beijing:Science Press,1983.(钱学森,宋健.工程控制论[M].北京:科学出版社,1983.)
[42]KLIR G.Sixty years of cybernetics:From youthful to useful[J].Kybernetika,2008,44(3):307-313.
[43]HEYLIGHEN F.Principles of systems and cybernetics:an evolutionary perspective[EB/OL].www.researchgate.net/publication/2441746 Principles of Systems and...Sep 18,2012.
[44]SARNOVSKY J.Modern rationality:a cybernetic view[J].Kybernetes,2006,35(10):1745-1755.
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[46]ROSENBLUETH A,WIENER N,BIGELOW J.Behaviour,purpose&teleology[J].Philosophy of Science,1943,10:18-24.
[47]MCCULLOCH W,PITTS W.A logical calculus of the ideas immanent in nervous activity[J].Bulletin of Mathematical Biophysics,1943,5:115-133.
[48]UMPLEBY,S.Cybernetics:A general theory that includes command and control[C]//The 20th International Command and Control Research and Technology Symposium.2015.
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