苦玄参颗粒对鸿光黄鸡生长性能、血液生化指标、免疫及抗氧化功能的影响
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摘要
将480羽1日龄鸿光黄鸡随机分为4组,每组设5个重复,每重复24羽,其中A组为对照组,只喂基础饲粮,B、C、D组为试验组,分别在基础饲粮中添加0.125%,0.250%和0.500%的苦玄参颗粒,试验期49 d;于21,35,49日龄时分别从每组随机抽取10羽进行心脏采血,分离血清进行生化及免疫等指标的测定。结果显示:C组21日龄日均增重极显著高于A、B、D组(P<0.01),35日龄时C组也明显高于A、B、D组(P<0.05),但49日龄时4个组间无明显差异(P>0.05);35日龄时C组的日均采食量显著高于其他3组(P<0.05),其他阶段C组也有高于A组的趋势(P>0.05);C组21日龄时饲料报酬极显著优于其他3组(P<0.01);试验期间C组鸡死亡率比A组降低50%;饲粮添加苦玄参颗粒对试验鸡的生理生化及免疫指标均无明显影响(P>0.05)。然而,21日龄时C、D组的总抗氧化能力极显著高于A、B组(P<0.01),35日龄时C组也显著高于A、B、D组(P<0.05);C、D组的谷胱甘肽含量21日龄时显著高于A、B组(P<0.05),35日龄时也极显著高于A、B组(P<0.01);总超氧化物歧化酶C、D组在3个阶段中均有高于A、B组的趋势(P>0.05)。可见饲粮添加0.250%苦玄参颗粒能明显提高35日龄前鸡的生长性能,并显著增强抗氧化能力,降低死亡率;在3种不同添加量中,0.250%的添加量效果最好。
This trial was conducted to investigate the effect of diet with Picria feltarrae Lour particle(PFLp)on growth performance,blood biochemical indexes,immune and antioxidant function of Hongguang yellow chickens(HYC).480 HYC in age of 1 dwere divided into 4 groups randomly and each group was assigned to 5 replicates of 24 chicks each.Group A was control group and fed only basal diet.Group B,C and D were treatment groups and fed diets with 0.125%,0.250% and0.500% of PFLp respectively during the trial of 49 d.Serum samples were taken from 10 chicks in each group at the age of 21,35 and 49 drespectively and analyzed for biochemical,immune and antioxidant parameters in blood.Results from the trial showed that ADG from group Cat 21 dwas increased significantly,higher than that from group A,B and D(P<0.01),and ADG at35 dfrom group C was also significantly greater than that of group A,B and D(P<0.05),but no difference was found on ADG among the 4 groups at 49 d(P>0.05);ADFI from group C at 35 d was significantly higher than that from group A,B and D(P<0.05).ADFI from group C at 21 d and 49 dwere also higher than that from group A(P>0.05).FCR from group C at 21 dwas much better than that from the other three groups(P<0.01).Death rate of group C was 50%lower than group A.There was no difference in serum biochemical and immune parameters among the 4 groups during the trial(P>0.05).However,the T-AOC from group C and D at 21 dwas higher than that from group A and B(P<0.01),and the one from group C at 35 dwas also higher than that from group A,B and D(P<0.05).GSH from group C and D at 21 dwas much higher than that from group A and B(P<0.05),and the ones from group C and D at 35 dwere also significantly higher than that from group A and B(P<0.01).T-SOD in three stages trended to increasing in group C and D(P>0.05).In conclusion,diet with 0.250% PFLp at 21 dand 35 dcould dramatically improve the growth performance,increase the antioxidant capacity and effectively reduce death rate.Diet with 0.25% PFLp is the most appropriate among the three different additions.
This trial was conducted to investigate the effect of diet with Picria feltarrae Lour particle(PFLp)on growth performance,blood biochemical indexes,immune and antioxidant function of Hongguang yellow chickens(HYC).480 HYC in age of 1 dwere divided into 4 groups randomly and each group was assigned to 5 replicates of 24 chicks each.Group A was control group and fed only basal diet.Group B,C and D were treatment groups and fed diets with 0.125%,0.250% and0.500% of PFLp respectively during the trial of 49 d.Serum samples were taken from 10 chicks in each group at the age of 21,35 and 49 drespectively and analyzed for biochemical,immune and antioxidant parameters in blood.Results from the trial showed that ADG from group Cat 21 dwas increased significantly,higher than that from group A,B and D(P<0.01),and ADG at35 dfrom group C was also significantly greater than that of group A,B and D(P<0.05),but no difference was found on ADG among the 4 groups at 49 d(P>0.05);ADFI from group C at 35 d was significantly higher than that from group A,B and D(P<0.05).ADFI from group C at 21 d and 49 dwere also higher than that from group A(P>0.05).FCR from group C at 21 dwas much better than that from the other three groups(P<0.01).Death rate of group C was 50%lower than group A.There was no difference in serum biochemical and immune parameters among the 4 groups during the trial(P>0.05).However,the T-AOC from group C and D at 21 dwas higher than that from group A and B(P<0.01),and the one from group C at 35 dwas also higher than that from group A,B and D(P<0.05).GSH from group C and D at 21 dwas much higher than that from group A and B(P<0.05),and the ones from group C and D at 35 dwere also significantly higher than that from group A and B(P<0.01).T-SOD in three stages trended to increasing in group C and D(P>0.05).In conclusion,diet with 0.250% PFLp at 21 dand 35 dcould dramatically improve the growth performance,increase the antioxidant capacity and effectively reduce death rate.Diet with 0.25% PFLp is the most appropriate among the three different additions.
引文
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[15] 秦庆芳.高效液相色谱法同时测定万通炎康片中3种有效成分的含量[J].医药导报,2015(4):108-111.
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[20] 曹国弟,张孝清.黄酮化合物对动物生产性能,免疫和抗氧化功能的研究进展[J].中国科技投资,2013(17):46.
[21] 吴有华,刘力,王敬,等.艾叶粉对肉鸡免疫器官指数及生长的影响[J].湖北畜牧兽医,2015(3):5-10.
[22] 周媛.抗病型中草药添加剂对肉仔鸡生产性能及血液指标的影响[J].现代畜牧兽医,2012(10):48-51.
[23] 郭晓秋,曲哲会,黄立,等.女贞子对固始鸡生产性能及免疫指标的影响[J].中国家禽,2015,37(1):61-63.
[24] 蒋蕊,杜永成,张新日,等.雷公藤多甙对哮喘大鼠血清及肺组织NO含量和总抗氧化能力的影响[J].山西医科大学学报,2008,39(4):311-313.
[25] 刘晓军,王永胜,刘艳芬.檀香树叶和种子对文昌鸡生长性能和抗氧化性能的影响[J].中国畜牧兽医,2013,40(8):54-56.
[26] JONES D P.Redox potential of GSH/GSSG couple:assay and biological significance[J].Meth Enzymol,2001,348:93-112.
[27] 张霞,胡庭俊,郑荣梁.蕨麻多糖对小鼠脾脏淋巴细胞内氧化还原状态的影响[J].中兽医医药杂志,2008(2):40-42.
[28] 刘丽,韦建福,傅伟龙,等.还原型谷胱甘肽对肉鸡生长及血清IGF-1水平、组织IGF-1 mRNA表达的影响[J].中国兽医学报,2008,28(8):982-986.
[29] 黎江,尹丹,刘洪丽,等.马尾藻多糖对鸡脾脏淋巴细胞GSH和GSSG水平的影响[J].动物医学进展,2015,36(4):46-49.
[30] SCHAFER F Q,BUETTER G R.Redox environment of the cell as viewed through the redox state of the glutathione disulfide/glutathione couple[J].Free Radica Bio Med,2001(30):1191-1212.
[31] LIN Y J,CHEN Z L.New tetracyclic triperpene glycoside from Picria feltarrae Lour[J].J Asian Nat Prod Res,1998,1(1):21.
[32] 董青松,韦树根,蒋妮,等.苦玄参研究概况[J].大众科学,2013,15(163):92-94.
[33] 唐勋,喇晓琴,宋永朋,等.翁布中黄酮类化合物的体外抗氧化活性研究[J].华西药学杂志,2015,30(1):30-32.
[34] 张向前,王贵峰,王萌萌,等.陕北红枣中三萜类物质的抗氧化性分析[J].分子植物育种,2017,15(8):3267-3271.
[35] 李富欣,孙丹丹,闰雪生.中药中三菇酸类成分的研究进展[J].中国医药指南,2016,14(34):22-23.
[36] 赵玉静,李建宽,张鑫,等.番石榴叶黄酮类化学成分及其抗氧化活性研究[J].中国中药杂志,2018,43(4):760-765.
[37] 程玉鹏,李弘琨,马爱萍,等.柴胡黄酮类抗氧化作用机制最新研究进展[J].化学工程师,2017(7):47-51.
[38] 江洪波,董小萍.女贞子总三萜的制备及抗氧化活性研究[J].世界科学技术—中医药现代化,2015,17(1):189-191.
[2] SCHWAIGER K,HUTHER S,HOLZEL C,et al.Prevalence of antibiotic-resistant enterobacteriaceae isolated from chicken and pork meat purchased at the slaughterhouse and at retail in Bavaria,Germany[J].Int J Food Microbiol,2012,154(3):206-211.
[3] BAYNES R E,DEDONDER K,KISSELL L,et al.Health concerns and management of select veterinary drug residues[J].Food Chem Toxicol,2016,88:112-122.
[4] 陶新,孙雨晴,门小明,等.复合植物提取物替代饲用抗生素对断奶仔猪生长性能和血清指标的影响[J].动物营养学报,2018,30(1):163-169.
[5] 张健,杨亮宇,白文顺.复方中草药添加剂对云南武定雏鸡生长性能及免疫功能的影响[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医(科技版),2015(3):79-81.
[6] 赵露露,廖秀冬,张丽阳,等.植物提取物及其复合物对鸡源致病菌的体外抑菌作用[J].动物营养学报,2017,29(9):3277-3286.
[7] 中华人民共和国药典委员会.中华人民共和国药典一部[S].北京:化学工业出版社,2010.
[8] 张银娣,刘小浩,沈建平.绵毛黄芪苷和苦玄参苷的中枢抑制作用[J].南京医学院学报,1990,10(1):17-19.
[9] 周芳,李萍,陈勇,等.苦玄参干浸膏抗炎镇痛作用的实验研究[J].中国中医药科技,2006,13(4):244-245.
[10] 陈君,甄汉深,韦建华.苦玄参叶抗炎药理作用研究[J].海峡药学,2013,25(2):23-25.
[11] 吴建璋,文永新,黄永林,等.苦玄参提取物对小鼠的抗炎及镇痛作用[J].中国医院药学杂志,2012,32(16):1303-1304.
[12] 黄燕,肖艳芬,甄汉深,等.苦玄参体外抗菌作用的实验研究[J].广西中医药,2008,31(1):46-47.
[13] 张新建,郭美华,刘志宇,等.清炎滴丸的质量控制[J].中国药师,2014(1):50-52.
[14] 陈勇.几种含苦玄参的中成药定性定量研究[J].中国现代应用药学,2000(2):106-108.
[15] 秦庆芳.高效液相色谱法同时测定万通炎康片中3种有效成分的含量[J].医药导报,2015(4):108-111.
[16] 聂海英,唐廷崇,杨善忠,等.复方苦玄参颗粒提取工艺的优化[J].动物医学进展,2017,38(5):49-52.
[17] 杨翠,廖玉英,韦凤英,等.苦玄参提取物对广西麻鸡生长性能及免疫器官指数的影响[J].粮食与饲料工业,2016(9):53-56.
[18] HUANG Y,DE BRUYNE T,APERS S,et al.Flavonoid glucuronides from Picria feltarrae[J].Phytochemistry,1999,52(8):1701-1703.
[19] 秦秀霞.苦玄参药理研究进展[J].亚太传统医药,2014,10(2):41-42.
[20] 曹国弟,张孝清.黄酮化合物对动物生产性能,免疫和抗氧化功能的研究进展[J].中国科技投资,2013(17):46.
[21] 吴有华,刘力,王敬,等.艾叶粉对肉鸡免疫器官指数及生长的影响[J].湖北畜牧兽医,2015(3):5-10.
[22] 周媛.抗病型中草药添加剂对肉仔鸡生产性能及血液指标的影响[J].现代畜牧兽医,2012(10):48-51.
[23] 郭晓秋,曲哲会,黄立,等.女贞子对固始鸡生产性能及免疫指标的影响[J].中国家禽,2015,37(1):61-63.
[24] 蒋蕊,杜永成,张新日,等.雷公藤多甙对哮喘大鼠血清及肺组织NO含量和总抗氧化能力的影响[J].山西医科大学学报,2008,39(4):311-313.
[25] 刘晓军,王永胜,刘艳芬.檀香树叶和种子对文昌鸡生长性能和抗氧化性能的影响[J].中国畜牧兽医,2013,40(8):54-56.
[26] JONES D P.Redox potential of GSH/GSSG couple:assay and biological significance[J].Meth Enzymol,2001,348:93-112.
[27] 张霞,胡庭俊,郑荣梁.蕨麻多糖对小鼠脾脏淋巴细胞内氧化还原状态的影响[J].中兽医医药杂志,2008(2):40-42.
[28] 刘丽,韦建福,傅伟龙,等.还原型谷胱甘肽对肉鸡生长及血清IGF-1水平、组织IGF-1 mRNA表达的影响[J].中国兽医学报,2008,28(8):982-986.
[29] 黎江,尹丹,刘洪丽,等.马尾藻多糖对鸡脾脏淋巴细胞GSH和GSSG水平的影响[J].动物医学进展,2015,36(4):46-49.
[30] SCHAFER F Q,BUETTER G R.Redox environment of the cell as viewed through the redox state of the glutathione disulfide/glutathione couple[J].Free Radica Bio Med,2001(30):1191-1212.
[31] LIN Y J,CHEN Z L.New tetracyclic triperpene glycoside from Picria feltarrae Lour[J].J Asian Nat Prod Res,1998,1(1):21.
[32] 董青松,韦树根,蒋妮,等.苦玄参研究概况[J].大众科学,2013,15(163):92-94.
[33] 唐勋,喇晓琴,宋永朋,等.翁布中黄酮类化合物的体外抗氧化活性研究[J].华西药学杂志,2015,30(1):30-32.
[34] 张向前,王贵峰,王萌萌,等.陕北红枣中三萜类物质的抗氧化性分析[J].分子植物育种,2017,15(8):3267-3271.
[35] 李富欣,孙丹丹,闰雪生.中药中三菇酸类成分的研究进展[J].中国医药指南,2016,14(34):22-23.
[36] 赵玉静,李建宽,张鑫,等.番石榴叶黄酮类化学成分及其抗氧化活性研究[J].中国中药杂志,2018,43(4):760-765.
[37] 程玉鹏,李弘琨,马爱萍,等.柴胡黄酮类抗氧化作用机制最新研究进展[J].化学工程师,2017(7):47-51.
[38] 江洪波,董小萍.女贞子总三萜的制备及抗氧化活性研究[J].世界科学技术—中医药现代化,2015,17(1):189-191.